Evolutionary trajectories of small cell lung cancer under therapy.

The evolutionary processes that underlie the marked sensitivity of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) to chemotherapy and rapid relapse are unknown. Here we determined tumour phylogenies at diagnosis and throughout chemotherapy and immunotherapy by multiregion sequencing of 160 tumours from 65 patients. Treatment-naive SCLC exhibited clonal homogeneity at distinct tumour sites, whereas first-line platinum-based chemotherapy led to a burst in genomic intratumour heterogeneity and spatial clonal diversity.

Management, risk factors and prognostic impact of checkpoint-inhibitor pneumonitis (CIP) in lung cancer - A multicenter observational analysis.

Introduction: Checkpoint-inhibitor pneumonitis (CIP) represents a major immune-related adverse event (irAE) in patients with lung cancer. We aimed for the clinical characterization, diagnostics, risk factors, treatment and outcome in a large cohort of patients from everyday clinical practice.

Patients And Methods: For this retrospective analysis, 1,376 patients having received checkpoint inhibitors (CPI) in any line of therapy from June 2015 until February 2020 from three large-volume lung cancer centers in Berlin, Germany were included and analyzed.

Endoscopic Lung Volume Reduction with One-Way Valves in Patients with Severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease with Hypercapnia.

Background: Robust clinical evidence on the efficacy and safety of endoscopic lung volume reduction (ELVR) with one-way valves in patients with severe lung emphysema with chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure is lacking.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare patient characteristics, clinical outcome measures, and incidences of adverse events between patients with severe COPD undergoing ELVR with one-way valves and with either a partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) of ≤45 mm Hg or with pCO2 >45 mm Hg.

Methods: This was a multicentre prospective study of patients with severe lung disease who were evaluated based on lung function, exercise capacity (6-min walk test [6-MWT]), and quality-of-life tests.

The impact of TP53 co-mutations and immunologic microenvironment on outcome of lung cancer with EGFR exon 20 insertions.

Background: EGFR exon20 insertions (ex20ins) are targeted by novel compounds in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, data about outcome under conventional therapies and the influence of molecular features are scarce.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively analysed 118 patients with evaluation of radiologic response based on RECIST v1.

Endoscopic lung volume reduction with endobronchial valves in very low patients: results from the German Registry - Lungenemphysemregister e.V.

Background: Endoscopic lung volume reduction (ELVR) with valves has been suggested to be the key strategy for patients with severe emphysema and concomitant low diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide ( ). However, robust evidence is still missing. We therefore aim to compare clinical outcomes in relation to for patients treated with ELVR.

Optimizing therapy sequence to prevent patient attrition in EGFR mutation-positive advanced or metastatic NSCLC.

Clinical trial and real-world data in non-small-cell lung cancer indicate that 10-60% of patients that progressed on first- or second-generation EGFR-targeting tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) do not receive systemic second-line therapy. In our article, we discuss efficacy, safety and treatment duration with different EGFR-TKIs and stress the need for delivery of the most efficacious therapy in the first-line. We also provide our perspective on analysis of circulating tumor DNA and the role of EGFR-TKI in combined therapies.

Clinical Experience of Immunotherapy Treatment: Efficacy and Toxicity Analysis of the Compassionate Use Program of Nivolumab in Patients with Advanced Squamous Cell Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Background: Anti-PD1 monoclonal antibody nivolumab is an approved therapy option for the treatment of advanced squamous cell non-small cell lung cancer (SQ-NSCLC) patients. Data outside clinical trials about therapy efficacy and safety in later therapy line treatments have rarely been described until now.

Methods: We performed a retrospective data analysis of patients who were enrolled into the nivolu-mab Compassionate Use Program (CUP) in Germany.

Tracheal, laryngeal and pulmonary mucormycosis followed by organizing pneumonia in a patient with Adult Onset Still's Disease.

We report a case of tracheal, laryngeal and pulmonary mucormycosis in a patient receiving immunosuppressive medication for an autoinflammatory fever syndrome. Mucormycosis was confirmed by histopathology from tracheal specimens and molecular evidence of Lichtheimia. A surgical approach was not possible because of the multifocal disease pattern and the extent of tracheal involvement.