Cystic lung disease is not uncommon in men with tuberous sclerosis complex.

Objective: To assess the frequency of cystic lung disease suggestive of pulmonary lymphangiomyomatosis in men with tuberous sclerosis complex.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective review of CT scans of the chest and abdomen on 29 men with tuberous sclerosis complex encountered during a 13-year period, 1998 to 2010.

Results: Cystic lung disease (defined as ≥4 cysts) was seen in 11 of 29 men (38%) with tuberous sclerosis complex.

Rhinovirus 16-induced IFN-α and IFN-β are deficient in bronchoalveolar lavage cells in asthmatic patients.

Background: Asthmatic patients have defective rhinovirus-induced IFN-β and IFN-λ production from bronchial epithelial cells and IFN-λ from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells. Whether bronchoalveolar lavage cells have defective type I interferon responses to rhinovirus is unknown, as are mechanisms explaining defective rhinovirus interferon induction in asthmatic patients.

Objective: We sought to investigate rhinovirus induction of type I interferons in BAL and blood mononuclear cells from asthmatic patients and healthy subjects and to investigate mechanisms of any deficiency observed.

SU-D-217BCD-04: How Do We Know How Low Can We Go in Lung Cancer Screening CT?

Purpose: To demonstrate a technique for determining the acceptable radiation dose level for lung cancer screening CT.

Methods: 20 patients who underwent a clinically indicated routine chest CT scan with 120 kV and 180 quality reference mAs were enrolled in this IRB approved study. Automatic exposure control was used to adjust for patient size.

Mothers' experience of fathers' support for breast-feeding.

Objective: To examine mothers' experience of support received from fathers for breast-feeding.

Design: We conducted in-depth in-person interviews with women with recent breast-feeding experience. Interview transcripts were analysed by qualitative content analysis.

Probing the quantum state of a 1D Bose gas using off-resonant light scattering.

We present a theoretical treatment of coherent light scattering from an interacting 1D Bose gas at finite temperatures. We show how this can provide a nondestructive measurement of the atomic system states. The equilibrium states are determined by the temperature and interaction strength, and are characterized by the spatial density-density correlation function.

Monitoring dosimetric impact of weight loss with kilovoltage (kV) cone beam CT (CBCT) during parotid-sparing IMRT and concurrent chemotherapy.

Purpose: Parotid-sparing head-and-neck intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) can reduce long-term xerostomia. However, patients frequently experience weight loss and tumor shrinkage during treatment. We evaluate the use of kilovoltage (kV) cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) for dose monitoring and examine if the dosimetric impact of such changes on the parotid and critical neural structures warrants replanning during treatment.

Asthma exacerbations: origin, effect, and prevention.

Asthma is the most common chronic respiratory disease, affecting up to 10% of adults and 30% of children in the Western world. Despite advances in asthma management, acute exacerbations continue to occur and impose considerable morbidity on patients and constitute a major burden on health care resources. Respiratory tract viruses have emerged as the most frequent triggers for exacerbations in both children and adults; however, the mechanisms underlying these remain poorly understood.

First results of phase 3 trial of RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine in African children.

Background: An ongoing phase 3 study of the efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of candidate malaria vaccine RTS,S/AS01 is being conducted in seven African countries.

Methods: From March 2009 through January 2011, we enrolled 15,460 children in two age categories--6 to 12 weeks of age and 5 to 17 months of age--for vaccination with either RTS,S/AS01 or a non-malaria comparator vaccine. The primary end point of the analysis was vaccine efficacy against clinical malaria during the 12 months after vaccination in the first 6000 children 5 to 17 months of age at enrollment who received all three doses of vaccine according to protocol.

Treatment guided by rapid diagnostic tests for malaria in Tanzanian children: safety and alternative bacterial diagnoses.

Background: WHO guidelines for the treatment of young children with suspected malaria have recently changed from presumptive treatment to anti-malarial treatment guided by a blood slide or malaria rapid diagnostic test (RDT). However, there is limited evidence of the safety of this policy in routine outpatient settings in Africa.

Methods: Children 3-59 months of age with a non-severe febrile illness and no obvious cause were enrolled over a period of one year in a malaria endemic area of Tanzania.

BODIPY chromophores as efficient green light sensitizers for lanthanide-induced near-infrared emission.

A new boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) modified 8-hydroxylquinoline ligand (8-HOQ-BODIPY) is synthesized for the sensitization of near-infrared emission of lanthanide(III) ions. The BODIPY unit, as revealed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, aligns almost perpendicularly to the 8-HOQ unit. The ligand exhibits strong absorption at ~506 nm and fluorescence at 510 nm in organic solvents with quantum yields ranging from ~0.

Site-selective imination of an anthracenone sensor: selective fluorescence detection of barium(II).

Site-selective imination of anthraquinone-based macrocyclic crown ethers using titanium tetrachloride as the catalyst yields imines where only the external carbonyl group of the anthraquinone forms Schiff-bases. The following aromatic amines yield monomeric compounds (aniline, 4-nitroaniline, 4-pyrrolaniline, and 1,3-phenylenediamine). Reaction of 2 equiv of the macrocyclic anthraquinone host with 1,2- and 1,4-phenylenediamine yields dimeric imine compounds.

SUMO pathway dependent recruitment of cellular repressors to herpes simplex virus type 1 genomes.

Components of promyelocytic leukaemia (PML) nuclear bodies (ND10) are recruited to sites associated with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) genomes soon after they enter the nucleus. This cellular response is linked to intrinsic antiviral resistance and is counteracted by viral regulatory protein ICP0. We report that the SUMO interaction motifs of PML, Sp100 and hDaxx are required for recruitment of these repressive proteins to HSV-1 induced foci, which also contain SUMO conjugates and PIAS2β, a SUMO E3 ligase.

4-tert-Butyl-pyridinium triiodide-4-tert-butyl-pyridine (1/1).

The title compound, C(9)H(14)N(+)·I(3) (-)·C(9)H(13)N, consists of monoprotonated 4-tert-butyl-pyridinium cations and triiodide anions. The triiodide ion has near-symmetric linear geometry, with bond lengths of 2.9105 (4) Å (I-I) and a bond angle of 177.

Substitution of thiophene oligomers with macrocyclic end caps and the colorimetric detection of Hg(II).

Alkyl substitution at the α position(s) of mono-, bi-, and terthiophenes via electrophilic addition of macrocyclic end caps combines linear, π-conjugated aromatic compounds and annular macrocycles. Addition of the Hg(II) ion to terthiophene adducts produces intense color changes, allowing for the selective, colorimetric detection of mercury(II). Chemical oxidation of the asymmetric terthiophene adduct produces the sexithiophene oligomer.

A phase I study of tasisulam sodium (LY573636 sodium), a novel anticancer compound in patients with refractory solid tumors.

Purpose: This phase I study was carried out to determine the phase II recommended dose of tasisulam sodium (hereafter, tasisulam), a novel anticancer agent with a unique mechanism of action.

Methods: Tasisulam was administered intravenously, every 21 days, in patients with refractory solid tumors using a three-plus-three dose-escalation schema.

Results: Fifty-three patients were enrolled; the first 34 were treated with a flat dose of tasisulam of up to 2,400 mg, the dose level at which all three patients had dose-limiting toxicity (DLT).

A coproantigen diagnostic test for Strongyloides infection.

Accurate diagnosis of infection with the parasite Strongyloides stercoralis is hampered by the low concentration of larvae in stool, rendering parasitological diagnosis insensitive. Even if the more sensitive agar plate culture method is used repeated stool sampling is necessary to achieve satisfactory sensitivity. In this manuscript we describe the development of a coproantigen ELISA for diagnosis of infection.

Smokefree streets: a pilot study of methods to inform policy.

Introduction: Smokefree street policies are relatively rare, and little has been published on the methods for establishing an evidence base to inform such policy making. We aimed to (a) pilot methods for such data collection in New Zealand, a country where local governments are actively pursuing outdoor smokefree policies and (a) to provide data on smoking behavior, attitudes toward smokefree policies, and levels of smoke exposure on streets in Wellington.

Methods: Three methods were piloted: (a) systematic observation of smoking behavior by observers walking a standard route of major streets, the "Golden Mile" (GM) in Wellington (n = 42 observation runs); (b) measurement of fine particulate levels (PM(2.

Evaluation of blood microsampling techniques and sampling sites for the analysis of drugs by HPLC-MS.

Background: the potential for whole blood sampling (20 µl) in toxicokinetic studies to reduce the sample volume was investigated. Blood microsamples were collected in three ways, either as a dried blood spot (DBS), a blood sample collected in a micropipette placed in a plastic tube and mixed with water or as plasma in the normal manner.

Results: blood samples on the DBS and the whole blood microtube (WBMT) were compared along with DBS and plasma to determine the toxicokinetic data equivalency.

PML isoforms I and II participate in PML-dependent restriction of HSV-1 replication.

Intrinsic antiviral resistance mediated by constitutively expressed cellular proteins is one arm of defence against virus infection. Promyelocytic leukaemia nuclear bodies (PML-NBs, also known as ND10) contribute to host restriction of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) replication via mechanisms that are counteracted by viral regulatory protein ICP0. ND10 assembly is dependent on PML, which comprises several different isoforms, and depletion of all PML isoforms decreases cellular resistance to ICP0-null mutant HSV-1.