Assessment of Pathological Complete Response in Patients with Breast Cancer Receiving Neoadjuvant Systemic Therapy.

Objective: To quantify the rate of pathological complete response (PCR) in a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan, and to explore the association of pathological complete response with tumour histology, tumour grade, and histological subtype based on receptors.

Study Design: Descriptive study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan from January 2016 to December 2018.

Oral Corticosteroid Therapy For Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss And Factors Affecting Prognosis.

Background: Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is considered an otologic emergency globally. Aetiology is unknown in most cases but still the disease is believed to be caused by inflammation of the cochlea; therefore, steroids are considered beneficial due to their anti-inflammatory effect.

Methods: This study was conducted on 62 patients of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) in Ayub Medical Complex, Abbottabad.

Haemorrhoidal Artery Ligation Operation Without Doppler Guidance.

Background: A range of surgical options from banding to open haemorrhoidectomy are available for the treatment of haemorrhoids. Haemorrhoidal artery ligation operation (HALO) with or without Doppler guidance is a newer option with claims of having better efficacy. We aimed to study the efficacy of HALO without Doppler guidance in terms of presence of postoperative complications including pain, bleeding, prolapse and overall patient satisfaction.

Pattern Of Presentation Of Nasal Foreign Bodies, An Experience With 155 Patients.

Background: Children commonly present to outpatient department with foreign bodies in the nose. Sometimes the history is straightforward but not infrequently presentation is with a foul-smelling unilateral discharge and obstruction. Most of the foreign bodies are inert and do not cause any local tissue reaction but some of these can cause serious complications.

Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injury In Total Versus Subtotal Thyroidectomy.

Background: Both Total and Subtotal Thyroidectomy are correct treatment options for symptomatic Euthyroid Multinodular Goitre. The choice depends upon surgeon's preference due to consideration of disadvantages like permanent hypothyroidism in Total Thyroidectomy and high chances of recurrence in Subtotal Thyroidectomy. Many surgeons believe that there is a higher incidence of Recurrent Laryngeal nerve injury in Total Thyroidectomy which affects their choice of surgery.

COMPARISON OF OPEN AND CLOSED TECHNIQUES OF HAEMORRHOIDECTOMY IN TERMS OF POST-OPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS.

Background: Haemorrhoids have been diagnosed and treated since the dawn of civilization, yet their cause, nature, symptomatology and especially their treatment options, remain hotly debated. The general principle however is that treatment should be directed by symptoms and the degree of haemorrhoids. The objective of the study is to compare early and late complications and wound healing time in open versus closed methods of haemorrhoidectomy.