Comparative study of silica and silica-decorated ZnO and ag nanocomposites for antimicrobial and photocatalytic applications.

The increasing threat of multi-resistant infectious agents and environmental toxins has led to a demand for new therapeutic and catalytic materials. In this study, C-SiO₂ (crystalline silica), Ag-SiO₂ (silver-silica), and ZnO-SiO₂ (zinc oxide-silica) nanocomposites (NCs) were synthesized through green methods and characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). These silica-based nanomaterials were investigated as potential photocatalysts for the degradation of p-nitroanilines and their antibacterial and antioxidant properties.

Discovering down's syndrome: An account from A low middle income country.

Objective: This study aims to establish the frequency of Down's syndrome which will enhance the knowledge of our local population as well to understand our genotypic patterns and variations.

Methods: Electronic Medical Records of inborn babies at the Department of Neonatology, Sheikh Saeed Memorial Campus of The Indus Hospital Karachi during the study period from 1 January 2021 to 31 December 2022 were retrieved. Chromosomal karyotyping was done for all babies with suspicious clinical features identified on routine new born examination by consultant neonatologists, trainee doctors and experienced nurses.

Addressing the Care Gap in Outborn Infants for Receipt of Antenatal Steroids.

Null.

Core outcome sets for trials of interventions to prevent and to treat multimorbidity in adults in low and middle-income countries: the COSMOS study.

Introduction: The burden of multimorbidity is recognised increasingly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), creating a strong emphasis on the need for effective evidence-based interventions. Core outcome sets (COS) appropriate for the study of multimorbidity in LMICs do not presently exist. These are required to standardise reporting and contribute to a consistent and cohesive evidence-base to inform policy and practice.

Decoding molecular mechanisms: brain aging and Alzheimer's disease.

The complex morphological, anatomical, physiological, and chemical mechanisms within the aging brain have been the hot topic of research for centuries. The aging process alters the brain structure that affects functions and cognitions, but the worsening of such processes contributes to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease. Beyond these observable, mild morphological shifts, significant functional modifications in neurotransmission and neuronal activity critically influence the aging brain.

Aging-Related Protein Alterations in the Brain.

Aging is an intrinsic aspect of an organism's life cycle and is characterized by progressive physiological decline and increased susceptibility to mortality. Many age-associated disorders, including neurological disorders, are most commonly linked with the aging process, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the effects of aging and AD on the molecular pathways and levels of different proteins in the brain, including metalloproteins, neurotrophic factors, amyloid proteins, and tau proteins.

Heated and humidified high flow therapy (HHHFT) in extreme and very preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS): a retrospective cohort from a tertiary care setting in Pakistan.

Objective: To determine the role of heated humidified high flow therapy (HHHFT) as primary respiratory support in spontaneously breathing moderate-late, very and extreme preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) at a tertiary care hospital from a developing country.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Neonatal intensive care unit of Indus Hospital and Health Network, Karachi, Pakistan.

The impact of expression vector position on transgene transcription allows for rational expression vector design in a targeted integration system.

Site-specific integration (SSI) technology has emerged as an effective approach by the pharmaceutical industry for the development of recombinant Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines. While SSI systems have been demonstrated to be effective for the development of CHO cell lines, they can be limiting in terms of both transgene expression and in the case of multi-specifics, the ability to generate the correct product of interest. To maximize the performance of Pfizer's dual SSI expression system for expressing monoclonal and multi-specific antibodies, we used a novel approach to investigate the positional effect of transgenes within expression vectors by engineering nucleotide polymorphisms (NP)s to use as biomarkers to track the level of transcript output from each expression vector position.

Strengthening the Bridge Between Academic and the Industry Through the Academia-Industry Collaboration Plan Design Model.

The study has been undertaken to integrate two different aspects of the triple helix model: universities and the industry. Special attention has been paid to the prevailing difference between the two, hampering their working as a coherent unit. Integrating the existing knowledge in the study, we proposed the Academia-Industry Collaboration Plan (AICP) design model.

Covid-19 Induced Catatonia: A Review Of This Rare Phenomenon.

Background: Catatonia is a psychomotor syndrome characterized by numerous clinical features, a few being stupors which is the most common sign, posturing, forced grasping, echopraxia, etc. There have been cases documented in the literature of Catatonia occurring with COVID-19. This article will focus on the complete and brief overview of catatonia observed in patients with COVID-19 infection.

Quality of Neonatal Care: A Health Facility Assessment in Balochistan Province, Pakistan.

Introduction Balochistan is the largest of Pakistan's four provinces, yet it is also the poorest and most impoverished, particularly in terms of neonatal healthcare. In order to build and tailor strategies to improve neonatal outcomes, it is necessary to identify barriers and facilitators for interventions. Therefore, we conducted this study to provide an overview of neonatal healthcare quality and assess the structural capacity for the improvement and further development of neonatal healthcare facilities in Balochistan.

Roadmap for carbon neutrality: the mediating role of clean energy development-related investments.

Recently, the Japanese government has announced the national objective of turning the economy of Japan carbon-neutral by 2050. This declaration has therefore enhanced the imperativeness of replacing the use of unclean energy with cleaner alternatives so that the carbon-neutrality agenda can be attained in due course. Against this backdrop, this study aims to assess whether enhancing government investments in research and development for developing clean energy can help Japan curb its carbon dioxide emission figures.

Fetal Congenital Heart Block Associated With Maternal Primary Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Sjogren's Syndrome.

Congenital heart block is a grave condition reported in 0.5% of 100 live births. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Sjogren's syndrome (SS) are chronic autoimmune and inflammatory condition, which affects multiple systems.

Accuracy of Spontaneous Breathing Trial Using ET-CPAP in Predicting Successful Extubation of Neonates.

Objective: Extubation failure is common in mechanically ventilated neonates. Finding objective criteria for predicting successful extubation may help to reduce the incidence of failure and the length of mechanical ventilation (MV). We conducted this study to determine the accuracy of the spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) and lung function measurements in predicting successful extubation in neonates.

Risk Factors of Peripheral Vascular Disease in Diabetes Mellitus in Abbottabad, Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a significant and common risk factor for the development of peripheral vascular disease (PVD). Peripheral vascular disease is the atherosclerotic narrowing of peripheral arteries and has a high prevalence among patients with diabetes. Material and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Medicine of Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad.

The Unfamiliar Case of COVID-19 Induced Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis in a Pediatric Patient.

The SARS-CoV-2 virus responsible for COVID-19 infection has affected the world from the end of 2019 with pulmonary and extrapulmonary manifestations. Hematologic complications are a rare but severe complication of the COVID-19 infection. There have been very few cases reported in the past showing thrombotic complications in the pediatric age group.

The Curious Case of Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome: Treatment-Resistant Seizures in a Patient With Autism Spectrum Disease With Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome.

Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) is a childhood epilepsy disorder seen between the ages of one to eight years with the electroencephalogram (EEG) changes showing slow spiked-wave complex bursts or paroxysms of generalized fast activity and intellectual disability and often needing multiple lines of treatment. Autism spectrum disease (ASD) is rare but catastrophic comorbidity seen in a patient with LGS. We report an eight-year-old boy presenting to the emergency department with seizures and mental retardation.

A Case of Early Diagnosis of Turner Syndrome in a Neonate.

Turner syndrome (TS), or Bonnevie-Ullrich syndrome, also known as congenital ovarian hypoplasia syndrome, is the most common sex chromosome abnormality in females in approximately 1 in 2000 live birth. It occurs when the X chromosome is partially or completely missing in females caused by monosomy or structural abnormalities of the X chromosome. It is mainly diagnosed in late childhood or adolescent age and rarely identified during the neonatal period.

Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion-Induced Encephalopathy in a Patient With COVID-19.

Various electrolyte imbalances have been documented in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients who progress to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection. Patients with co-morbidities like diabetes, hypertension, obesity, ischemic heart disease, chronic kidney disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are more vulnerable to developing complications in the form of electrolyte disturbance. We report a case of acute severe hyponatremia in a middle-aged man who was admitted to the hospital with viral pneumonia due to a coronavirus-2 infection.