Exploring the Relationship Between Helicobacter pylori Infection and Biliary Diseases: A Comprehensive Analysis Using the United States National Inpatient Sample (2016-2020).

Background: () infection is widely recognized for its association with gastric diseases. Prior studies on the relationship between infection and biliary diseases have faced constraints, including inadequate control of confounding factors and small sample sizes. This study aims to explore the association between infection and biliary diseases using a large, population-based sample with adequate control for various covariates.

The GBA1 D409V mutation exacerbates synuclein pathology to differing extents in two alpha-synuclein models.

Heterozygous mutations in the GBA1 gene - encoding lysosomal glucocerebrosidase (GCase) - are the most common genetic risk factors for Parkinson's disease (PD). Experimental evidence suggests a correlation between decreased GCase activity and accumulation of alpha-synuclein (aSyn). To enable a better understanding of the relationship between aSyn and GCase activity, we developed and characterized two mouse models that investigate aSyn pathology in the context of reduced GCase activity.

Decreased glucocerebrosidase activity and substrate accumulation of glycosphingolipids in a novel GBA1 D409V knock-in mouse model.

Multiple mutations have been described in the human GBA1 gene, which encodes the lysosomal enzyme beta-glucocerebrosidase (GCase) that degrades glucosylceramide and is pivotal in glycosphingolipid substrate metabolism. Depletion of GCase, typically by homozygous mutations in GBA1, is linked to the lysosomal storage disorder Gaucher's disease (GD) and distinct or heterozygous mutations in GBA1 are associated with increased Parkinson's disease (PD) risk. While numerous genes have been linked to heritable PD, GBA1 mutations in aggregate are the single greatest risk factor for development of idiopathic PD.

Total Worker Health Needs Assessment to Identify Workplace Mental Health Interventions in Rural and Urban Jails.

Importance: Jail officers are an underserved population of public safety workers at high risk for developing chronic mental health conditions.

Objective: In response to national calls for the examination of stressors related to the unique work contexts of correctional facilities, we implemented a pilot study informed by the Total Worker Health (TWH) strategy at two urban and two rural jails.

Design: Participatory teams guided areas of interest for a mixed-data needs assessment, including surveys with 320 jail officers to inform focus groups (N = 40).

Preoperative Denosumab plus Surgery in the Management of Giant Cell Tumor of Bone: A Comprehensive Narrative Literature Review.

Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is a biologically benign osteolytic tumor that affects the metaphyseal/epiphyseal portions of bones. Histologically, GCTB is composed of osteoclast-like multinucleated giant cells that express receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B (RANK), and neoplastic mesenchymal stromal cells that express RANK ligand (RANKL). The pathogenesis of GCTB is primarily attributable to the RANK-RANKL interaction, resulting in the activation of osteoclasts and the resultant osteolytic phenotype.

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Job Burnout Among Jail Officers.

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom prevalence and health characteristics among jail correctional officers, a generally understudied population of public safety workers.

Method: A Conservation of Resources (COR)-inspired framework explored relationships to PTSD symptoms among jail officers (N = 320) employed in Midwest US jails.

Results: More than half (53.

Assessment of burnout in medical undergraduate students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Background: To assess the prevalence of burnout symptoms among preclinical and clinical medical students studying at AlFaisal University in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using Maslach Burnout Inventory questionnaire on 276 medical students from Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The study was approved by Alfaisal University research ethics committee.

Phenotypic characterization of recessive gene knockout rat models of Parkinson's disease.

Recessively inherited loss-of-function mutations in the PTEN-induced putative kinase 1(Pink1), DJ-1 (Park7) and Parkin (Park2) genes are linked to familial cases of early-onset Parkinson's disease (PD). As part of its strategy to provide more tools for the research community, The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research (MJFF) funded the generation of novel rat models with targeted disruption ofPink1, DJ-1 or Parkin genes and determined if the loss of these proteins would result in a progressive PD-like phenotype.

Stereologic analysis of cell number and size during postnatal development in the rat substantia nigra.

Parkinson's disease is characterized by age-related atrophy and loss of dopaminergic neurons within the compact portion of the substantia nigra (SNpc) projecting to neostriatum. Despite numerous studies using rodent models to examine mechanisms underlying this disorder, the fundamental question of whether development- or age-related changes occur in the rodent SNpc remains unanswered. The present study used a three-level, optical fractionator approach to estimate the number and size of SNpc neurons immunoreactive for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in eight young (2-month) and eight older (7-month) Sprague-Dawley rats.