Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) and Clinical Outcomes Among Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) Patients: An Umbrella Review.

Background And Aims: Recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses (SRMAs) have shown inconsistent effectiveness of FMT among patients with IBD. This study aimed to appraise the evidence for clinically relevant outcomes with FMT in patients with IBD using published SRMAs.

Methods: We searched major databases from inception through Nov 2023 to identify SRMAs assessing the effectiveness of FMT in patients with IBD.

Bacterial network for precise plant stress detection and enhanced crop resilience.

Understanding plant hormonal responses to stress and their transport dynamics remains challenging, limiting advancements in enhancing plant resilience. Our study presents a novel approach that utilizes genetically engineered bacteria (GEB) as molecular transceivers within plants, aiming to develop revolutionary agricultural biosensors. We focus on abscisic acid (ABA), a key hormone for plant growth and stress response.

Treatment switching between Enzalutamide and Abiraterone Acetate and time to oral opioid initiation in castration-resistant prostate cancer patients.

Background And Aims: Enzalutamide (ENZ) and Abiraterone Acetate (AA) are both first-line treatments for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). CRPC patients may switch from ENZ to AA or from AA to ENZ, if they do not respond well to the treatment, or experience intolerable side effects. This study examine treatment switching from ENZ to AA or from AA to ENZ, while investigating death as a competing risk.

Early fecal microbiota transplantation continuously improves chicken growth performance by inhibiting age-related Lactobacillus decline in jejunum.

Background: At an early age, chickens commonly exhibit a rise in the average daily gain, which declines as they age. Further studies indicated that the decrease in chicken growth performance at a later age is closely associated with an age-related decline in Lactobacillus abundance in the small intestines. Whether inhibiting the age-related decline in Lactobacillus in the small intestine by early fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) could improve chicken growth performance is an interesting question.

Relationship between children's autism spectrum disorder and parental anxiety and burnout.

Objective: To determine the association between children's autism spectrum disorder with parental anxiety and burnout in Karachi, Pakistan.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Baqai Institute of Health Sciences, Baqai Medical University from December 2022, to November, 2023. Data collection was performed at three rehabilitation centers for autistic children in Karachi.

Cresp: transforming the landscape of chemotherapy-induced anemia - a comprehensive retrospective real-world analysis in 523 Indian patients.

Introduction: Anemia, a frequently encountered issue among cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, is regrettably underappreciated despite its prevalence and profound impact on their well-being. Chemotherapy-induced anemia (CIA) diminishes the quality of life, causing fatigue, breathlessness, and a decline in the performance status. However, correcting anemia can lead to notable improvements in these parameters.

Impact of obesity on echocardiographic parameters in individuals free of CVD using anthropometric measurements.

Obesity is a global pandemic and is a recognised risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. However, its impact on cardiac structure and function using echocardiography, as well as its association with anthropometric parameters in otherwise healthy individuals, requires further investigation. Therefore, we conducted an observational study with a cohort of 196 participants, comparing various echocardiographic parameters in normal weight individuals and those who were overweight or obese but had no other risk factors.

Skin Ulcer Development and Deterioration of Social Engagement among Nursing Home Residents.

Objectives: Skin ulcers are a critical indicator of quality of care in nursing homes that influence residents' physical, psychological, and social health. The objective of this study is to understand the influence of developing skin ulcers on deterioration in social engagement in nursing home residents.

Design: Observational retrospective cohort study with 1-year follow-up.

Case of a Young Male Recruit With Chest Pain Leading to Entry-Level Separation and Career Termination.

This is a case of a young, 20-year-old, male Navy recruit who was admitted to our healthcare facility with intermittent atypical chest pain and limiting exertional symptoms and was diagnosed with myocardial bridging (MB) as the most likely etiology of his chest after the complete cardiac workup, leading to his career limitations due to potential risks. Our patient presented with atypical chest pain and limiting exertional symptoms. Chest pain was non-radiating.

Whole-genome evaluation and prophages characterization associated with genome of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii UOL-KIMZ-24-2.

Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) is an emerging threat to healthcare settings in many countries, principally in South Asia. The current study was aimed to identify, evaluate whole-genome and characterize the prophages in genome of CRAB strain, recovered from patients of Lahore General Hospital, Lahore. More than 200 samples were collected and identified by morphological and biochemical tests.

Heterogeneity of the Treatment Effect with PARP Inhibitors in Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer: A Living Interactive Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background And Objective: Selection of patients harboring mutations in homologous recombination repair (HRR) genes for treatment with a PARP inhibitor (PARPi) is challenging in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). To gain further insight, we quantitatively assessed the differential efficacy of PARPi therapy among patients with mCRPC and different HRR gene mutations.

Methods: This living meta-analysis (LMA) was conducted using the Living Interactive Evidence synthesis framework.

Collaborative large language models for automated data extraction in living systematic reviews.

Objective: Data extraction from the published literature is the most laborious step in conducting living systematic reviews (LSRs). We aim to build a generalizable, automated data extraction workflow leveraging large language models (LLMs) that mimics the real-world 2-reviewer process.

Materials And Methods: A dataset of 10 trials (22 publications) from a published LSR was used, focusing on 23 variables related to trial, population, and outcomes data.

Through the lens of Good Participatory Practice: Findings and lessons learned from the healthcare worker subcommittee of the COVID-19 Healthcare Worker Exposure Response and Outcomes Registry.

Participant representation, including the Good Participatory Practice guidelines, in the design and execution of clinical research can profoundly affect research structure and process. Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, an online registry called the Healthcare Worker Exposure Response and Outcomes (HERO) Registry, was launched to capture the experiences of healthcare workers (HCWs) on the pandemic frontlines. It evolved into a program that distributed COVID-19-related information and connected participants with COVID-19-related research opportunities.

Biodegradation Study of Used Engine Oil by Free and Immobilized Cells of the Strain NMA and Their Growth Kinetics.

Used engine oil is considered to be one of the high-risk pollutants, and if introduced untreated in the environment, it threatens the whole ecosystem. Therefore, there is a need to find some rapid and efficient methods for the remediation of used engine oil. The present study aimed to isolate indigenous bacterial strains having the capability to degrade used engine oil.

Dosage Optimization Using Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling for Pediatric Patients with Renal Impairment: A Case Study of Meropenem.

The pharmacokinetics of renally eliminated antibiotics can be influenced by changes associated with renal function and development in a growing subject. Little is known about the effects of renal insufficiency on the pharmacokinetics of meropenem in pediatric subjects. The aim of this study was to develop a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model of meropenem for pediatric patients that can be used to optimize meropenem dosing in pediatric patients with renal impairment (RI).

Analysis of the genome data of UOL-KIMZ-24, exhibiting multiple drug resistance through efflux pumps.

is a well-known opportunistic pathogen, responsible for various nosocomial infections. UOL-KIMZ-24 was previously isolated from a clinical specimen, collected from Lahore General Hospital, Lahore (LGH), Pakistan, dated 3rd March, 2022. During the initial screening for antimicrobial susceptibility, the UOL-KIMZ-24 was found a multiple drug resistant (MDR) strain.

Fungicide resistance in Fusarium species: exploring environmental impacts and sustainable management strategies.

The agricultural productivity and world-wide food security is affected by different phytopathogens, in which Fusarium is more destructive affecting more than 150 crops, now got resistance against many fungicides that possess harmful effects on environment such as soil health, air pollution, and human health. Fusarium fungicide resistance is an increasing concern in agricultural and environmental contexts, requiring a thorough understanding of its causes, implications, and management approaches. The mechanisms of fungicide resistance in Fusarium spp.

Sustainable Synthesis of Nitrogen-Embedded CuS Quantum Dots for In Vitro and In Vivo Breast Cancer Management.

The burgeoning field of nanomedicine is exploring quantum dots for cancer theranostics. In recent years, chemically engineered copper sulfide (CuS) quantum dots (QDs) have emerged as a multifunctional platform for fluorescence-based sensors with prominent applications in imaging and chemodynamic therapy of tumor cells. The present study demonstrates the sustainable synthesis of nitrogen-embedded copper sulfide (N@CuS) quantum dots for the first time and unveils their potential application in in vitro and in vivo breast cancer management.

A hybrid encryption framework leveraging quantum and classical cryptography for secure transmission of medical images in IoT-based telemedicine networks.

In the era of the Internet of Things (IoT), the transmission of medical reports in the form of scan images for collaborative diagnosis is vital for any telemedicine network. In this context, ensuring secure transmission and communication is necessary to protect medical data to maintain privacy. To address such privacy concerns and secure medical images against cyberattacks, this research presents a robust hybrid encryption framework that integrates quantum, and classical cryptographic methods.

Analysis of gene variants in familial and non-familial primary open angle glaucoma Pakistani patients.

Aim: To find out the association of secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC)-related modular calcium binding 2 () gene variants rs2255680 and rs13208776 with genotypic and phenotypic characteristics in both familial and non-familial primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) patients.

Methods: A total of 212 POAG patients, comprising 124 familial and 88 non-familial, were enrolled. For genotyping the variant rs2255680, amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) were utilized for analyzing rs13208776 variant.

Ultra-Sensitive Abscisic Acid Detection Using Gold and 4-Mercaptopyridine Perovskite-Engineered Robust Nanofibers (GLAMPER-NFs) under Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy.

This study explores the development and application of gold and 4-mercaptopyridine (MPY) perovskite-engineered robust nanofibers (GLAMPER-NFs) for the ultrasensitive detection of Abscisic acid (ABA) under Raman spectroscopy, a crucial plant hormone. The GLAMPER-NFs composite material, consisting of MAPbCl nanofibers integrated with MPY-coated gold nanostructures, demonstrates exceptional performance in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based sensing. The study elucidates the material structure and properties through comprehensive characterization using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-vis spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared, and Raman spectroscopy.

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: A case report.

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) is a rare, fatal neurodegenerative disorder that is caused by prion proteins. Patients often present with rapidly progressive dementia, ataxia, myoclonus, memory impairment, visual problems, and changes in personality. In this case report, we aimed to address the course of a 62 year old female who presented with progressive decline in cognitive function and died within 6 months of presentation.

Temporal trends and disparities in atherosclerosis-associated cerebrovascular disease mortality in the United States, 1999-2020.

Background: Cerebrovascular disease (CEVD) accounts for the second leading cause of death worldwide. Despite recent advancements in treatment strategies, the prevalence and cost associated with CEVD are rising. Atherosclerosis significantly contributes to CEVD risk by restricting cerebral blood flow, leading to ischemic stroke.

Exploring the applications for Abscissic acid (ABA) detection using perovskite derived opto-electronic sensors.

The hormone abscisic acid (ABA) is crucial in the regulation of many physiological processes in plants, particularly in stress response and developmental control. Recent developments in detection methods utilizing opto-electronic sensors have enabled a more profound comprehension of the processes linked to plant hormones, namely ABA. The present work investigates the potential uses of opto-electronic sensors produced from tailored perovskite materials for the targeted detection of ABA.