Symplasmic and transmembrane zinc transport is modulated by cadmium in the Cd/Zn hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii.

This study investigated the influence of Cd (25 µM) on Zn accumulation in a hyperaccumulating (HE) and a non-hyperaccumulating (NHE) ecotype of Sedum alfredii Hance at short-term supply of replete (Zn5, 5 µM) and excess (Zn400, 400 µM) Zn. Cd inhibited Zn accumulation in both ecotypes, especially under Zn400, in organs with active metal sequestration, i.e.

Zinc priming enhances Capsicum annuum immunity against infection by Botrytis cinerea- From the whole plant to the molecular level.

Micronutrient manipulation can enhance crop resilience against pathogens, but the mechanisms are mostly unknown. We tested whether priming Capsicum annuum plants with zinc (5 μM Zn) or manganese (3 μM Mn) for six weeks increases their immunity against the generalist necrotroph Botrytis cinerea compared to deficient (0.1 μM Zn, 0.

Nodule-specific Cu -chaperone NCC1 is required for symbiotic nitrogen fixation in Medicago truncatula root nodules.

Cu -chaperones are a diverse group of proteins that allocate Cu ions to specific copper proteins, creating different copper pools targeted to specific physiological processes. Symbiotic nitrogen fixation carried out in legume root nodules indirectly requires relatively large amounts of copper, for example for energy delivery via respiration, for which targeted copper deliver systems would be required. MtNCC1 is a nodule-specific Cu -chaperone encoded in the Medicago truncatula genome, with a N-terminus Atx1-like domain that can bind Cu with picomolar affinities.

Copper and zinc accumulation, distribution, and tolerance in Pistia stratiotes L.; revealing the role of root caps.

Pollution by potentially toxic trace metals, such as copper or zinc, is global. Both Cu and Zn are essential microelements, which in higher concentrations become toxic. The aquatic plant Pistia stratiotes(L.

Disturbed electron transport beyond PSI changes metabolome and transcriptome in Zn-deficient soybean.

Low Zn availability in soils is a problem in many parts of the world, with tremendous consequences for food and feed production because Zn deficiency affects the yield and quality of plants. In this study we investigated the consequences of Zn-limitation in hydroponically cultivated soybean (Glycine max L.) plants.

Acclimation to medium-level non-lethal iron limitation: Adjustment of electron flow around the PSII and metalloprotein expression in Trichodesmium erythraeum IMS101.

The aim of this study was to investigate how acclimation to medium-level, long-term, non-lethal iron limitation changes the electron flux around the Photosystem II of the oceanic diazotroph Trichodesmium erythraeum IMS101. Fe availability of about 5× and 100× lower than a replete level, i.e.

Cadmium and Zn hyperaccumulation provide efficient constitutive defense against Turnip yellow mosaic virus infection in Noccaea caerulescens.

To understand the role of Zn and Cd in anti-viral defence, Zn/Cd hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens plants grown with deficient (0.3 µM), replete (10 µM) and excess (100 µM) Zn and Cd (10 µM Zn + 1 µM Cd) were infected with Turnip yellow mosaic virus (TYMV). Gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics analyses demonstrated direct TYMV effects on photosynthetic light reactions but N.

The Influence of Calcium on the Growth, Morphology and Gene Regulation in .

The bacterium AP64 isolated from a freshwater lake in the western Gobi Desert represents the first phototrophic member of the bacterial phylum Gemmatimonadota. This strain was originally cultured on agar plates because it did not grow in liquid medium. In contrast, the closely related species TET16 grows both on solid and in liquid media.

Massive Accumulation of Strontium and Barium in Diplonemid Protists.

Barium and strontium are often used as proxies of marine productivity in palaeoceanographic reconstructions of global climate. However, long-searched biological drivers for such correlations remain unknown. Here, we report that taxa within one of the most abundant groups of marine planktonic protists, diplonemids (Euglenozoa), are potent accumulators of intracellular barite (BaSO), celestite (SrSO), and strontiobarite (Ba,Sr)SO.

Sublethal and lethal Cd toxicity in soybean roots specifically affects the metabolome, Cd binding to proteins and cellular distribution of Cd.

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) plants were exposed to various Cd concentrations from background and low non-toxic (0.

Naturally zinc-containing bacteriochlorophyll a ([Zn]-BChl a) protects the photosynthetic apparatus of Acidiphilium rubrum from copper toxicity damage.

In almost all photosynthetic organisms the photosynthetic pigments chlorophyll and bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) are Mg containing complexes, but Mg may be exchanged against other metal ions when these are present in toxic concentrations, leading to inactivation of photosynthesis. In this report we studied mechanisms of copper toxicity to the photosynthetic apparatus of Acidiphilium rubrum, an acidophilic purple bacterium that uses Zn instead of Mg as the central metal in the BChl molecules ([Zn]-BChl) of its reaction centres (RCs) and light harvesting proteins (LH1). We used a combination of in vivo measurements of photosynthetic activity (fast fluorescence and absorption kinetics) together with analysis of metal binding to pigments and pigment-protein complexes by HPLC-ICP-sfMS to monitor the effect of Cu on photosynthesis of A.

Effect of nanomolar concentrations of lanthanum on Desmodesmus quadricauda cultivated under environmentally relevant conditions.

Toxicity of lanthanides is generally regarded as low, and they even have been suggested to be beneficial at low concentrations. This research was conducted to investigate effects of Lanthanum (La) on Desmodesmus quadricauda, a freshwater green microalga. The algal cultures were treated with nanomolar La concentrations under controlled environmentally relevant conditions.

Chronic exposure of soybean plants to nanomolar cadmium reveals specific additional high-affinity targets of cadmium toxicity.

Solving the global environmental and agricultural problem of chronic low-level cadmium (Cd) exposure requires better mechanistic understanding. Here, soybean (Glycine max) plants were exposed to Cd concentrations ranging from 0.5 nM (background concentration, control) to 3 µM.

Ultratrace Metal Speciation Analysis by Coupling of Sector-Field ICP-MS to High-Resolution Size Exclusion and Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography.

Techniques for metal speciation analysis with subnanomolar (ppt) detection limits in complex matrices, with simultaneous quantification of matrix elements, have become a necessity for investigating targets of trace metal binding to macromolecules and pigments at environmentally relevant concentrations. In this work we optimized the analysis of such metal binding in a custom-built HPLC-ICP-MS system. Key elements of the optimization were the choice of components for the metal-free HPLC-DAD system and sector-field ICP-MS detection (ICF-sfMS) with desolvating injection and optimization of sample handling.

Mechanisms of sublethal copper toxicity damage to the photosynthetic apparatus of Rhodospirillum rubrum.

Magnesium (Mg) is the ubiquitous metal ion present in chlorophyll and bacteriochlorophyll (BChl), involved in photosystems in photosynthetic organisms. In the present study we investigated targets of toxic copper binding to the photosynthetic apparatus of the anoxygenic purple bacterium Rhodospirillum rubrum. This was done by a combination of in vivo measurements of flash photolysis and fast fluorescence kinetics combined with the analysis of metal binding to pigments and pigment-protein complexes isolated from Cu-stressed cells by HPLC-ICPMS (ICP-sfMS).

Active biomonitoring of palladium, platinum, and rhodium emissions from road traffic using transplanted moss.

The use of transplanted moss (Pleurozium schreberi) in active biomonitoring of traffic-related emissions of Pd, Pt, and Rh was studied. Moss mats were transplanted to three locations along highway E75 (in Oulu, Finland) at three different distances from the highway. Five samples were collected from a background site after the same exposure period.

Solid residues from Italian municipal solid waste incinerators: A source for "critical" raw materials.

The incineration of municipal solid wastes is an important part of the waste management system along with recycling and waste disposal, and the solid residues produced after the thermal process have received attention for environmental concerns and the recovery of valuable metals. This study focuses on the Critical Raw Materials (CRM) content in solid residues from two Italian municipal waste incinerator (MSWI) plants. We sampled untreated bottom ash and fly ash residues, i.