Degradation of agricultural waste is dependent on chemical fertilizers in long-term paddy-dry rotation field.

The practice of returning straw to agricultural fields is a globally employed technique. Such agricultural fields also receive a significant amount of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilizers, because these two macronutrients are essential for plant growth and development. However, the consequences of such macronutrients input on straw decomposition, soil dissolved organic matter (DOM), key microbes, and lignocellulolytic enzymes are still unclear.