Infants of diabetic mothers: epidemiology, pathophysiology, fetal heartassessment, structural and functional heart consequences: A narrative review.

Infants of diabetic mothers are neonates born to a woman who had periodic hyperglycaemia during pregnancy. Consequently, infants of diabetic mothers are at higher risks of illness besides morbidity and mortality due to teratogenic effects on the fetal cardiovascular system, causing most frequent CHDs. The primary purpose of this review is to present, on this topic, a better-comprehended review covering pertinent material and data to be informed of severe risks to a newborn's cardiac system and function.

DDX18 coordinates nucleolus phase separation and nuclear organization to control the pluripotency of human embryonic stem cells.

Pluripotent stem cells possess a unique nuclear architecture characterized by a larger nucleus and more open chromatin, which underpins their ability to self-renew and differentiate. Here, we show that the nucleolus-specific RNA helicase DDX18 is essential for maintaining the pluripotency of human embryonic stem cells. Using techniques such as Hi-C, DNA/RNA-FISH, and biomolecular condensate analysis, we demonstrate that DDX18 regulates nucleolus phase separation and nuclear organization by interacting with NPM1 in the granular nucleolar component, driven by specific nucleolar RNAs.

Breastfeeding knowledge, practices, and their determinants among recently delivered mothers: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Breastfeeding is an important determinant of child survival. Breastfeeding practices vary throughout the nation.

Objectives: To assess the breastfeeding practices and the knowledge of recently delivered mothers regarding breastfeeding practices.

Erector Spinae Plane Block for Chronic Lumbosacral Pain: A Case Report.

Chronic low back pain is a prevalent and debilitating condition that often resists traditional management strategies such as physical therapy, pharmacotherapy, and interventional procedures. The erector spinae plane (ESP) block, a relatively new regional anesthesia technique, has shown promise in managing various types of pain, including chronic conditions. This case report details the use of the ESP block in a male patient in his late 60's with chronic low back pain unresponsive to conventional treatments, including acetaminophen, muscle relaxants, gabapentin, epidural steroid injections, diagnostic medial branch blocks, and sacroiliac joint injections.

Post Dural Puncture Headache After Spinal Cord Stimulator Lead Insertion Successfully Treated with Occipital Nerve Blocks.

Post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) is a common and debilitating complication that can arise after spinal or epidural anesthesia, or following the placement of spinal cord stimulation leads due to inadvertent dural puncture. We report the case of a 54-year-old female who developed severe PDPH following a spinal cord stimulator trial, complicated by a failed EBP performed by an outside physician. The patient presented to the emergency department with debilitating bilateral occipital headaches exacerbated by an upright position.

Integrated Biological Control Strategies for Citrus Rust Mites: Distribution, Impact on Mandarin Quality, and the Efficacy of .

Citrus rust mites ( Ashmead) are a major pest in citrus orchards, significantly affecting fruit quality and yield. Effective management of these mites is crucial for maintaining the economic viability of citrus production. This study investigated the ecological distribution of citrus rust mites and their natural predator, , in a mandarin orchard in Zengcheng District, Guangzhou City, of China.

Pathophysiology of Pain and Mechanisms of Neuromodulation: A Narrative Review (A Neuron Project).

Pain serves as a vital innate defense mechanism that can significantly impact an individual's quality of life. Understanding the physiological effects of pain well plays an important role in developing novel pain treatments. Nociceptor neurons play a key role in pain and inflammation.

Ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia (UGRA) in the emergency department: a scoping review.

Introduction: While many studies have been published on Ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia in the Emergency Department (ED), there has been no previous study assessing the current state of the literature based in the form of a scoping review.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the current state of the literature on UGRA performed in the ED setting.

Methods: EMBASE, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Cochrane databases were searched for studies.

Redo totally endoscopic, robotic-assisted correction of previously failed approximation of papillary muscles.

We present the case of a failed papillary muscle approximation successfully treated using a totally endoscopic, robotic-assisted approach.

New and Highly Accurate Static Young's Modulus Model Using Machine Learning Techniques.

Static Young's modulus ( ) is a critical property required in numerous petroleum calculations. Various models to forecast have been proposed in the literature. However, existing models, by and large, lack precision and are confined to specific data set ranges.

Titanium oxide and chitosan nanoparticles loaded in methylene blue activated by photodynamic therapy on caries affected dentin disinfection, bond strength, and smear layer removal efficacy.

Aim: Effect of nanoparticles (NPs) loaded methylene blue (MB) mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) on caries-affected dentin (CAD) against S.mutans, smear layer (SL) elimination, and shear bond strength (SBS) of single bottle 7th generation adhesive.

Methodology: Sixty human molars with carious lesions were selected.

Disparities in age and gender-specific SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic testing trends: a retrospective study from Pakistan.

Background: Pakistan reported 1.57 million COVID-19 cases between 2020 and 2022, based on approximately 30.6 million SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR (reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction) tests conducted.

Knowledge and Perceptions of Cerebral Venous Thrombosis Among the Adult Population: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study in Saudi Arabia.

Background: The current annual incidence of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is 3-4 cases per one million population. CVT manifests itself with varying degrees of clinical presentation that may cause vital or morbid consequences if not treated and managed promptly. Studies have suggested varied levels of CVT public awareness.

Pharmaceutical chitosan hydrogels: A review on its design and applications.

Chitosan (CS) has become a focal point of extensive research in the pharmaceutical industry due to its remarkable biodegradability, biocompatibility and sustainability. Chitosan hydrogels (CS HGs) are characterized by their viscoelasticity, flexibility and softness. The polar surfaces exhibit properties that mitigate interfacial tension between the hydrogel and body fluids.

Linezolid-resistant Enterococcus faecium clinical isolates from Pakistan: a genomic analysis.

Background: Linezolid-resistant Enterococcus faecium (LRE) is a global priority pathogen. Thirteen LRE were reported from clinical specimens between November 2021 and April 2023 at two laboratories in Karachi, Pakistan. We aimed to investigate the strain types and genes associated with linezolid resistance among these isolates.

Risk factors for mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients across five waves in Pakistan.

This retrospective cohort study aims to describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes and assess risk factors for mortality across the epidemic waves in hospitalized COVID-19 patients in a major tertiary-care center in Pakistan. A total of 5368 patients with COVID-19, hospitalized between March 2020 and April 2022 were included. The median age was 58 years (IQR: 44-69), 41% were females, and the overall mortality was 12%.