Bridging With Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin Versus Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients Undergoing Noncardiac Surgery After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Comprehensive Review.

Background: This review article discussed the use of bridging therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) in patients who undergo noncardiac surgery (NCS) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Hypotheses: Patients who undergo PCI are at an increased risk of thrombotic events due to their underlying cardiovascular disease. However, many of these patients may require NCS at some point in their lives, which poses a significant challenge for clinicians as they balance the risk of thrombotic events against the risk of bleeding associated with antithrombotic therapy.

Hepatitis B Virus in People who Inject Drugs and Men who Have Sex With Men With HIV in India: A Cross-sectional Study.

Background: People with HIV (PWH) who are coinfected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) have a higher risk of mortality compared with PWH alone. Populations such as people who inject drugs (PWID) and men who have sex with men (MSM) are particularly at high risk for HBV acquisition; yet, limited epidemiological data from these populations exist on HBV prevalence from low- and middle-income country settings (LMICs).

Methods: We characterized the prevalence and correlates of HBV serological markers in a sample of PWID and MSM with HIV recruited across 15 Indian cities using hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc), and hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs).

Assessment of Chemotherapy-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction in Breast Cancer Patients: A Prospective Study.

Background Advances in cancer treatment have markedly improved survival rates but have also heightened morbidity due to treatment-related side effects. Despite this, the literature remains scarce on predicting the incidence of acute cardiac toxicity resulting from chemotherapy. We conducted a prospective evaluation to assess the incidence, timing, clinical correlates, global longitudinal strain (GLS), and response to heart failure (HF) therapy in patients experiencing cardiotoxicity.

Association of burnout and harassment among cardiology trainees: Pakistan's perspective.

Objective: This study explores the relationship between sexual harassment and burnout among cardiology trainees, shedding light on the prevalence and impact of these experiences in medical practice.

Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among 518 respondents, with 420 responding to the Sexual Experience Questionnaire (SEQ). The survey measured harassment experiences and their impact on burnout, especially among female physicians.

A Mixture Model for Estimating SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence in Chennai, India.

Serological assays used to estimate the prevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) often rely on manufacturers' cutoffs established on the basis of severe cases. We conducted a household-based serosurvey of 4,677 individuals in Chennai, India, from January to May 2021. Samples were tested for SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to the spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins.

Recent Advances in Psychopharmacology: From Bench to Bedside Novel Trends in Schizophrenia.

Research in the field of psychopharmacology is ongoing to develop novel compounds which can revolutionize the treatment of psychiatric disorders. The concept of bench-to-bedside is a tedious process, transforming the initial research performed in the laboratories into novel treatment options. Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a chronic psychiatric illness with significant morbidity and mortality.

Performance characteristics of two new rapid HIV diagnostic assays and use of test band reader.

Purpose: Accurate HIV diagnosis is essential for appropriate patient care. This present study evaluated the performance of two different new rapid HIV diagnostic tests; 1) TRUSTline HIV-1/2 Ab rapid test (Athenese-DxPvt. Ltd, Chennai, India)and 2) OnSite HIV 1/2 Ab Plus Combo Rapid Test (CTK Biotech Inc.

Immune correlates of cardiovascular co-morbidity in HIV infected participants from South India.

Background: Understanding the immune correlates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in HIV infection is an important area of investigation in the current era of aging with HIV infection. Less is known about CVD risk and HIV infection in developing nations where additional risk factors may be playing a role in the CVD development. In this study, we assessed the effects of systemic inflammation, microbial translocation (MT), T cell immune activation (IA), and nadir CD4 counts on cardiac function and arterial stiffness as markers of subclinical atherosclerosis in HIV-infected individuals.

Eosinophilic Asthma Secondary to Adjuvant Anti-PD-1 Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Treatment in a Melanoma Patient.

Background: Adjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors are a new standard of care in melanoma. However, the immune related toxicity associated with these agents can be serious, and the long-term implications are yet to be defined especially in the adjuvant setting. We report, to our knowledge, the first case of anti-PD-1-induced eosinophilic asthma in a melanoma patient treated with adjuvant pembrolizumab.

Will I speak up or remain silent? Workplace ostracism and employee performance based on self-control perspective.

Drawing on the self-control perspective, this study investigated the buffering effect of emotional suppression in reducing the harmful influence of workplace ostracism on employee performance. The research also studied the mediating role of employee silence and voice behaviors based on social exchange theory. We performed moderated mediation analysis on responses received from 159 employees working in the financial industry of the Southern Punjab region of Pakistan.

Temporal change in population-level prevalence of detectable HIV viraemia and its association with HIV incidence in key populations in India: a serial cross-sectional study.

Background: Population-level prevalence of detectable HIV viraemia (PDV) has been proposed as a metric for monitoring the population-level effectiveness of HIV treatment as prevention. We aimed to characterise temporal changes in PDV in people who inject drugs (PWID) and men who have sex with men (MSM) in India and evaluate community-level and individual-level associations with cross-sectional HIV incidence.

Methods: We did a serial cross-sectional study in which baseline (from Oct 1, 2012, to Dec 19, 2013) and follow-up (from Aug 1, 2016, to May 28, 2017) respondent-driven sampling (RDS) surveys were done in MSM (ten community sites) and PWID (12 community sites) across 21 cities in India.

Therapeutic Endoscopy during COVID-19 Pandemic: An Observational Study from Bangladesh.

: Al Mahtab M, Huq AKMF, Rahman MF, Therapeutic Endoscopy during COVID-19 Pandemic: An Observational Study from Bangladesh. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2020;10(1): 47-49.

Real-life Management Strategy of COVID-19 Patients in Bangladesh with No Death: An Observational and Cohort Study.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been declared as pandemic by World Health Organization (WHO) with increasing morbidity (more than 4.6 million patients) and mortality (300,000 deaths). The world-wide target of management COVID-19 is to reduce complications with available management options; this become highly variable from country to country and even within different regions of the same country.

Combination of Rigid and Nonrigid Fixation Versus Nonrigid Fixation for Bilateral Mandibular Fractures: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: We aimed to compare complication rates and functional outcomes in patients with bilateral mandibular fractures treated with different degrees of internal fixation rigidity.

Patients And Methods: This international, multicenter randomized controlled trial included adults with bilateral mandibular fractures located at either the angle and body, angle and symphysis, or body and symphysis. Patients were treated with either a combination of rigid fixation for the anterior fracture and nonrigid fixation for the posterior fracture (mixed fixation) or nonrigid fixation for both fractures.

Gentamicin Vestibulotoxicity: Further Insights From a Large Clinical Series.

Objective: To review insights gained from a 21-year experience with gentamicin-induced vestibulotoxicity including differences in vestibulotoxicity between single daily dosing (SDD) and multiple daily dosing (MDD) regimens.

Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Setting: Tertiary care center.

Antibody avidity-based approach to estimate population-level incidence of hepatitis C.

Background & Aims: Accurate HCV incidence estimates are critical for monitoring progress towards HCV elimination goals, including an 80% reduction in HCV incidence by 2030. Moreover, incidence estimates can help guide prevention and treatment programming, particularly in the context of the US opioid epidemic.

Methods: An inexpensive, Genedia-based HCV IgG antibody avidity assay was evaluated as a platform to estimate cross-sectional, population-level primary HCV incidence using 1,840 HCV antibody and RNA-positive samples from 875 individuals enrolled in 5 cohort studies in the US and India.

Integrating HCV testing with HIV programs improves hepatitis C outcomes in people who inject drugs: A cluster-randomized trial.

Background & Aims: There have been calls to integrate HCV testing into existing services, including harm reduction and HIV prevention and treatment, but there are few empirical trials to date. We evaluated the impact of integrating HCV testing/education into integrated care centers (ICCs) delivering HIV services to people who inject drugs (PWID) across India, using a cluster-randomized trial.

Methods: We compared ICCs with usual care in the PWID stratum (12 sites) of a 22-site cluster-randomized trial.

Laurence-Moon-Bardet-Biedl Syndrome with Coexisting Abdominal Distension and Positive Fluid Thrill: A Rare Manifestation Reported in Karachi, Pakistan.

Laurence-Moon-Bardet-Biedl syndrome (LMBBS) is a rare autosomal recessive (AR) disorder. It is characterized predominantly by hypogonadism, polydactyly, retinitis pigmentosa, obesity, and mental retardation. Herein, we present a classic case of LMBBS with generalized body edema, abdominal distension, and positive fluid thrill in a 32-year-old male.

Longer-term open-label study of adjunctive riluzole in treatment-resistant depression.

Background: While riluzole has been investigated for the treatment of depression, little is known about its longer-term efficacy and optimal treatment duration in treatment-resistant depression (TRD). The objective of this study is to characterize the longer-term outcome of adjunctive riluzole therapy for TRD in an open-label extension of an 8-week acute treatment trial.

Methods: The data from 66 patients with TRD who received adjunctive riluzole in a 12-week open-label extension phase were analyzed.

Hoffmann's Syndrome Secondary to Pendred Syndrome: A Rare Case.

Hoffmann's syndrome (HS) is a rare manifestation of hypothyroidism myopathy that presents with weakness, stiffness, and eventually pseudohypertrophy of muscles, especially calf muscles. We report a case of a 28-year-old male who presented with the history of generalized weakness with swelling in lower limbs and gradual progressive facial puffiness for the past few years. Physical examination of our patient showed diffuse bilateral pseudohypertrophy of deltoid and calf muscles with positive Gowers' sign (GS).

Cardiac morbidity in HIV infection is associated with checkpoint inhibitor LAG-3 on CD4 T cells.

Recent findings point to a role of Checkpoint Inhibitor (CPI) receptors at the tissue level in immune homeostasis. Here we investigated the role of CPI molecules on immune cells in relation to cardiac function. Participants recruited in Chennai, India consisted of HIV+ ART naive viremic (Gp1 n = 102), HIV+ on ART, virologically suppressed (Gp2, n = 172) and HIV negative healthy controls (Gp3, n = 64).