Biocrude from hydrothermal liquefaction of indigenous municipal solid waste for green energy generation and contribution towards circular economy: A case study of urban Pakistan.

In this study, biocrude was successfully produced by the hydrothermal liquefaction of municipal solid waste collected from the landfill site of Lahore, the capital of Punjab, Pakistan, boasting a population of 12 million and an annual waste collection of 10 million tons. The hydrothermal liquefaction process was performed at reaction parameters of 350 °C and 165 bars with 15 min of residence time. The solid waste was found to have 78 % dry matter, 22 % moisture contents, 22.

Modelling and optimization of an existing onshore gas gathering network using PIPESIM.

Pakistan has limited natural gas reserves, and most are found onshore. This article reports on the problems of an onshore gas gathering network (GGN) analysed through steady-state simulation modelling using PIPESIM software. The research methodology incorporates a comprehensive steady-state hydraulic analysis considering fluid flowing velocity limitations, liquid holdup and slugging along with other issues faced by gas gathering networks.

Correction: Nutritional analysis and characterization of carbapenemase producing-Klebsiella pneumoniae resistant genes associated with bovine mastitis infected cow's milk.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Nutritional analysis and characterization of carbapenemase producing-Klebsiella pneumoniae resistant genes associated with bovine mastitis infected cow's milk.

The current study was designed to analyze nutritional parameters and to characterize carbapenemase producing-Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from bovine mastitic cow's milk. Out of 700 milk samples K. pneumoniae was identified by phenotypic and molecular techniques along with their antibiogram analysis and nutritional analysis was performed using the procedure of Association of Official Analytical Chemists.

Experimental and evaluation of L. oil emulgel: a promising treatment for bacterial skin infections.

Purpose: The current study aimed to develop a topical herbal emulgel containing L. (CT) oil extract, which has been scientifically proven for its antibacterial and antioxidant activities for the ailment of bacterial skin infections.

Method: The CT emulgel was formulated by response surface methodology (RSM) and was evaluated by various parameters like extrudability, spreadability, pH, viscosity, and antibacterial and antioxidant activities.

Investigations of plausible pharmacodynamics supporting the antispasmodic, bronchodilator, and antidiarrheal activities of Berberis lycium Royle. Via in silico, in vitro, and in vivo studies.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Berberis lycium Royle, a member of the Berberidaceae family, is a high-value medicinal plant with a documented history of usage in traditional medicine and has demonstrated significant therapeutic results among local populations throughout the globe. It is used traditionally in many parts of Pakistan to treat diarrhea, abdominal spasms, coughs, and chest problems.

Aim Of The Study: To investigate the antispasmodic, bronchodilator, and antidiarrheal effects of B.

Sonographic Findings of a Gynecological Cause of Acute Pelvic Pain - A Systematic Review.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to use ultrasonographic data to rule out and distinguish diseases that cause acute pelvic pain.

Material And Method: The literature was reviewed using a systematic search of the databases Google Scholars and PubMed, as well as through hand searching. We looked through a total of 35 articles, but only 26 were selected after preliminary screening.

Peroxidases-based enticing biotechnological platforms for biodegradation and biotransformation of emerging contaminants.

Rampant industrial boom, urbanization, and exponential population growth resulted in widespread environmental pollution, with water being one of the leading affected resources. All kinds of pollutants, including phenols, industrial dyes, antibiotics, pharmaceutically active residues, and persistent/volatile organic compounds, have a paramount effect, either directly or indirectly, on human health and aquatic entities. Strategies for affordable and efficient decontamination of these emerging pollutants have become the prime focus of academic researchers, industry, and government to constitute a sustainable human society.

Formulation development and evaluation of transdermal emulgel using Aloevera extract and natural penetration enhancers.

This study was to formulate Aloevera extract loaded emulsion (O/W) based gels, by using various concentrations of rose oil, olive oil and Lemon oil as natural penetration enhancers for transdermal effect to treat skin problems. By using RSM, Aloevera emulgels were formulated and then optimized. Stability studies, physico-chemical characteristics, spreadability, skin protection factor, thermal analysis, FTIR, antimicrobial activity, in vitro drug release study (at 37ºC with 100 rpm for 180 minute in release medium at pH 5.

Synthesis and characterization of self-assembling chitosan-based nanoparticles.

Chitosan (CHT) based biodegradable nanovectors were synthesized and modified with poly ethylene glycol 4000 (PEG-4000). CHT having medium molecular weight with 75% to 85% deacetylation was phthaloylated with phthalic anhydride, followed by PEGylation using PEG-4000. After confirmation of successful PEGylation by fourier transforminfra red spectroscopy (FTIR), the modified polymer was further processed to develop the nanocarrier using ionic gelation method by the addition of sodium tripolyphosphate (NaTPP).

Outcome Of Balloon Valvuloplasty In Children With Pulmonary Stenosis - Single Center Experience.

Background: Pulmonary valve stenosis (PS) is common congenital heart disease in children and patient can present with cyanosis, chest pain, dyspnea and failure with severe form. The objective of this study was to enlighten the short outcome of balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty in children with severe pulmonary stenosis.

Methods: This cross sectional observational study was done in paediatric cardiology department of Lady Reading Hosptial, Peshawer form June 2019 to December 2020 over 1.

Synthesis and in vitro characterization of chlorpheneramine-laden liposomes for topical applications.

This study was aimed at synthesizing liposomes for the topical delivery of chlorpheneramine maleate using three-level factorial design. Each experiment consisted of a varying proportion of cholesterol, lecithin and a permeation enhancer mixture of Tween80 and polyethylene glycol (PEG1000), and resultant liposomes were extensively characterized. The drug release study was conducted at 6.

Development of grape seed extract based formulations by using non-invasive biophysical technique and its impact on skin aging.

Given the substantial benefits of grape seed extract (GSE) in reducing oxidative stress, the study aimed development, characterization and comparative analysis of GSE-based formulations. The development entailed extraction of GSE from Vitisvinifera L. HPLC confirmed catechin, epicatechin, gallic acid, epicatechingallate and procyanidin dimers.

RP-HPLC method development and validation for quantification of daclatasvir dihydrochloride and its application to pharmaceutical dosage form.

Daclatasvir dihydrochloride is an antiviral drug used in the treatment of Hepatitis C and for its estimation in drug product, no Pharmacopeial method is available. Therefore, a simple, rapid, precise and accurate isocratic RP-HPLC method was developed and validated for quantification of daclatasvir dihydrochloride in pharmaceutical dosage form. The quantification was carried out using Hypersil ODS - C18 Column (250mm, 4.

Modelling soil salinity effects on salt water uptake and crop growth using a modified denitrification-decomposition model: A phytoremediation approach.

Soil salinization is a widespread problem affecting global food production. Phytoremediation is emerging as a viable and cost-effective technology to reclaim salt-affected soil. However, its efficiency is not clear due to the uncertainty of plant responses in saline soils.

Agro-morphological and genetic diversity studies in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) germplasm using microsatellite markers.

Background: Knowledge of the genetic diversity and population structure of germplasm collections is an important foundation for crop improvement. Rice production across a broad range of rice-growing environments results in a diverse array of local rice varieties. Many rice varieties have been lost as a result of biodiversity loss and are now grown in Pakistan.

Management Of Childhood Steroid Dependent Nephrotic Syndrome With Cyclophosphamide - An Experience At Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad.

Background: This study has been done in children with Steroid dependent nephrotic syndrome (SDNS) to check for the response to cyclophosphamide and relapse on follow up for one year after completion of treatment.

Methods: This study was conducted over two years and nine months. Patients were taken as steroid dependent when there were two consecutive relapses occur on steroids tapering or within two weeks of stopping treatment.

An Outcome Of Conservative Management Of Primary Nocturnal Enuresis In Children.

Background: Primary nocturnal enuresis is one of the common problems in children. Mostly parents are concern for this condition in children and also children are depressive from this condition. The main stay of treatment is the training of child.

Use of Preoperative Submucosal Dexamethasone in Third Molar Surgery: A Step towards Improvement in Quality of Life.

Background: Surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molaris one of the most common procedures performed by Oral surgeons globally. The objective of the study was to ascertain theefficacyof pre-operative administration of submucosal dexamethasone on post-operative sequelae insurgically extracted impactedmandibular third molar.It was adouble-blind randomized controlled clinical trialthat wasperformed inthe Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery at Abbottabad International Dental Hospital, Abbottabad from March 2019 to March 2020.

Modeling the effect of salt-affected soil on water balance fluxes and nitrous oxide emission using modified DNDC.

Soil salinity restricts plant growth, affects soil water balance and nitrous oxide (NO) fluxes and can contaminate surface and groundwater. In this study, the Denitrification Decomposition (DNDC) model was modified to couple salt and water balance equations (SALT-DNDC) to investigate the effect of salinity on water balance and NO fluxes. The model was examined against four growing seasons (2008-11) of observed data from Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada.

Phenol-Furfural Resin/Montmorillonite Based High-Pressure Green Composite from Renewable Feedstock () with Improved Thermo-Mechanical Properties.

This research endeavour aimed to explore the potential of a native, nonedible and low market value plant feedstock, i.e., for green synthesis of woodware materials and improve its features by incorporating an economical blending material.

Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma - Rare Presentation Of Childhood Chronic Respiratory Symptoms In 10 Years Old Girl.

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is the rarest presentation in children arising from bronchial glands with low potential for malignancy as most of children have history of recurrent chest infections. We present the case of ten years old girl presenting with history of recurrent respiratory infections in past admitted for fever, cough and respiratory distress. HRCT showed soft tissue in lumen of trachea at level of carina extending into right main bronchus along with collapse of apical segment of right upper lobe and right middle and lower lobes collapse consolidation.

RP-HPLC based method for the determination of Tamsulosin HCl in API, Prepared dosage form and spiked plasma.

An analytical method for measurement of tamsulosin HCl from its different life cycle stages was developed using RP-HPLC technique. The elution of tamsulsoin was studied using MediterraneaTM Sea 18 column (dimesions 250 × 4.6 mm and pore size 5μm) and mobile phase comprising of buffer (pH 5.