Introduction: Delirium is associated with a three-fold increase in frequency of 6-mo mortality following intensive care unit admission. Outside of mortality, it has been linked with severe morbidity including long-term cognitive decline, loss of autonomy, and increased risk of institutionalization. There is a paucity of literature regarding delirium and geriatric trauma patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (COVID-19) is a viral disease that predominantly affects the respiratory system, but extrapulmonary manifestations have been increasingly reported over the course of the pandemic. Common extrapulmonary manifestations include the gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and neurological systems, such as diarrhea, rashes, loss of smell/taste, myalgia, acute kidney injury, cardiac arrhythmias, or heart failure. COVID-19 infection is associated with an increased risk of thromboembolic events, especially in the setting of severe disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMarijuana use has been reported to promote hypercoagulable states among trauma patients, particularly respecting venous thromboembolism (VTE), a major contributor to morbidity and mortality in patients sustaining traumatic injury. We sought to investigate this further through a retrospective, single institutional study performed from January 2018 through June 2021, utilizing data from patients presenting to a Level 1 Trauma Center as a trauma activation. We observed less frequent VTE development in the marijuana-positive group compared to the marijuana-negative group, with patient thromboelastography revealing a longer mean R-time in the marijuana-positive group.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Investig Med High Impact Case Rep
January 2022
Inflammatory pseudotumors of the liver are rare, non-neoplastic liver tumors. Due to the nonspecific clinical presentation, imaging features, and histopathological findings, they can mimic malignant tumors requiring invasive diagnostics. We present a case of a 61-year-old female patient with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, hyperlipidemia, and polymyalgia rheumatica who had initially presented with abdominal pain for 3 weeks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAsia Pac J Public Health
January 2022
J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep
October 2021
Venous thromboembolism is associated with significant morbidity and mortality if left untreated. Anticoagulation is the cornerstone of treatment. Venous stents are a relatively newer entity that are increasingly being used to treat venous stenosis/occlusion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFValvular heart disease is common in the United States, with a number of patients undergoing valve replacement procedures every year. The two types of valve prostheses include mechanical and bioprosthetic valves. Mechanical heart valves require lifelong anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonists like warfarin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Investig Med High Impact Case Rep
October 2021
Retroperitoneal fibrosis is caused by the replacement of normal retroperitoneal tissue with fibrosis. The majority of the cases are idiopathic, but some secondary causes include malignancy, infection, drugs, and radiotherapy. Immunoglobulin G-4 (IgG-4) related disease is a relatively newer disease and one of the rarer causes of retroperitoneal fibrosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStatins are the most widely used class of drug in the United States. They lower blood cholesterol levels by inhibiting 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase. Common side effects include myalgias and a mild increase in liver function tests.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEthylene glycol is a colorless, odorless, sweet-tasting liquid commonly found in antifreeze, as well as in industrial agents. It is regarded as one of the toxic alcohols. Ethylene glycol poisoning usually occurs due to ingestion, and its toxicity is mediated by its metabolites, glycolic acid, and oxalate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCoronary subclavian steal syndrome (CSSS) is one of the rare complications of coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). This phenomenon is a potential complication after left internal mammary artery (LIMA) to left anterior descending artery (LAD) CABG. A proximal stenosis of the left subclavian artery (SA) could cause retrograde flow from LIMA to left SA, which characterizes the mechanism of CSSS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurological complications after coronary angiography are rare but associated with significant mortality and morbidity. These include ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes, and transient ischemic attacks. Rarely, contrast media can cross the blood brain barrier causing transient neurological symptoms including confusion and seizures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurological complications after cardiac catheterization are rare. We report an unusual case of isolated third cranial nerve palsy in a 72-year-old male patient whose past medical history was significant for diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease (CAD). He presented for elective cardiac catheterization for stable angina, which revealed multivessel CAD and no intervention was done.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc (Bayl Univ Med Cent)
July 2020
Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disease associated with many extraintestinal manifestations involving multiple organs, including the skin, eyes, liver, and joints. Classic Sweet's syndrome is a cutaneous manifestation of Crohn's disease, characterized by sudden onset of painful plaques or nodules of the skin associated with fever and neutrophilia. We present a case of classic Sweet's syndrome in a patient with well-controlled Crohn's disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVentilator-associated pneumonia is a hospital-acquired infection that is commonly encountered in intubated patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). It is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The causative organisms include gram-negative rods (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, or Acinetobacter species) or gram-positive cocci (Staphylococcus aureus).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Poor development in young children in developing countries is a major problem. Child development experts are calling for interventions that aim to improve child development to be integrated into health services, but there are few robust evaluations of such programmes. Previous small Bangladeshi trials that used individual play sessions with mothers and their children (at home or in clinics), which were predominantly run by employed women, found moderate improvements on child development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: We aimed to determine the timing and size of the cognitive deficit associated with poverty in the first 5 years of life and to examine the role of parental characteristics, pre- and postnatal growth, and stimulation in the home in Bangladeshi children. We hypothesized that the effect of poverty on cognition begins in infancy and is mainly mediated by these factors.
Methods: We enrolled 2853 singletons, a subsample from a pregnancy supplementation trial in a poor rural area.
Bangladesh is one of the poorest countries of the world with the highest population density. The Bangladesh government recognizes the educational and financial benefits of early childhood development (ECD) and has incorporated ECD into the national plan of action. However, ECD activities are not fully established in the country and there have been few evaluations.
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