The current state of primary healthcare in Pakistan: a way forward for low-to-middle income countries.

Background: Primary healthcare (PHC) plays a crucial role in improving health outcomes and reducing healthcare burden, especially in low-to-middle-income countries (LMICs). However, PHC has not received adequate attention in Pakistan despite its recognized importance. This study aims to examine the current state of PHC in Pakistan, identifying factors compromising its quality and effectiveness.

Efficacy of anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies in delaying the progression of recent-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review, meta-analyses and meta-regression.

Aim: Type 1 diabetes mellitus is widely recognized as a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by the pathogenic destruction of beta cells, resulting in the loss of endogenous insulin production. Insulin administration remains the primary therapy for symptomatic treatment. Recent studies showed that disease-modifying agents, such as anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies, have shown promising outcomes in improving the management of the disease.

Managing and treating Sydenham chorea: A systematic review.

Introduction: Sydenham's chorea (SC), prevalent in developing countries and occasionally affecting developed ones, poses a clinical challenge due to the lack of systematic guidelines for diagnosis and treatment. Resulting from Group A Beta-Hemolytic Streptococcus infection, SC presents various symptoms. This review aims to collect and evaluate available data on SC management to propose a cohesive treatment plan.

Comparative efficacy and safety of lemborexant 5 mg versus 10 mg for the treatment of insomnia: a systematic review.

Introduction: Insomnia is a common condition that may be caused by or coexist with other medical or psychological illnesses. Nearly a quarter of a billion people across the globe suffer from insomnia frequently. Lemborexant, a dual orexin receptor antagonist, is a recently authorized hypnotic-based medication for insomnia.

Efficacy and Safety of Vericiguat for Treatment of Heart Failure: A Systematic Review.

Heart failure is a growing global health concern with high mortality and morbidity. Beta-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, and angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors are the treatments of choice for worsening clinical symptoms. In early 2021, the FDA approved a new oral soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator, Vericiguat, for the treatment of chronic heart failure.

Post-partum Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura with Puerperal Sepsis- A Case Report.

Introduction: Post-partum TTP is an uncommon thrombotic microangiopathy affecting about 1 in 200,000 pregnancies in contrast to preeclampsia and HUS, which have been reported commonly.

Case Presentation: We report a case of a postpartum TTP following purpureal sepsis. The patient was brought with per vaginal bleed, vomiting, chest pain, yellow discoloration of sclera, and abdominal discomfort following a spontaneous vaginal delivery two days back at a hospital.

SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and Chilblain-like Lesions: What Do We Know so Far?

Introduction: The coronavirus pandemic has caused massive damage to global health care and the economy. The vaccination program has been paced around the globe to return as soon as possible to pre-COVID time. Although all the vaccines have been approved after the rigorous clinical and safety trials, some adverse effects have surfaced and are being reported from different parts of the world.

Postoperative cardiac troponin I as an indicator of surgical outcomes: A systematic review.

Introduction: Cardiac surgeries are generally associated with high morbidity and mortality. To prevent any adverse outcomes, it is crucial to identify patients at risk of developing postoperative complications and initiate relevant therapeutic interventions. Several biomarkers are used to determine postoperative myocardial injury but they either lack sensitivity and specificity or are elevated for a short time.

SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and uveitis: Are they linked?

In 2019, the discovery of a new strain of Coronavirus, later referred to as SARS-CoV2 took the world by storm, leading to a pandemic and shutting down all global activities. Several measures were taken adequately to combat the viral havoc, including developing numerous vaccines. All the vaccines currently available for the general population went through rigorous screenings and trials to ensure maximum safety and were only approved after that.

The association between SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and transverse myelitis: A review.

In late 2019, the emergence of a new viral strain, later referred to as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) took the shape of a global pandemic, affecting millions of lives and deteriorating economies around the globe. Vaccines were developed at an exceptional rate to combat the viral desolation, all of them being rolled out once they displayed sufficient safety and efficacy. However, assorted adverse events came into attention, one of them being Transverse Myelitis (TM), an infrequent, immune-mediated, focal disease of the spinal cord.

West Nile virus outbreak in Pakistan: Another potential public health threat in the pipeline?

West Nile virus (WNV), a single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the family of Flaviviridae, is an arbovirus transmitted to humans predominantly by mosquito bites. It exhibits a wide range of clinical findings ranging from asymptomatic presentation to severe several neurological disorders. WNV has afflicted several countries around the globe including Pakistan.

Efficacy of Remimazolam for Procedural Sedation in American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I to IV Patients Undergoing Colonoscopy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Remimazolam is made by combining midazolam and remifentanil as an alternative to conventional sedatives. To evaluate the efficacy of remimazolam for sedation in patients undergoing colonoscopy, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the available randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing remimazolam and midazolam. A search was conducted using PubMed, Cochrane Library, and clinicaltrial.