Racial disparities in rates of invasiveness of resected intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms in the United States.

Background: Racial and ethnic disparities have been observed in the multidisciplinary management of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm is the most common identifiable precursor to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, where early surgical intervention before the development of an invasive intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm improves survival. The association of race/ethnicity with the risk of identifying invasive intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms during resection has not been previously defined.

The Association of Mental Illness With Outcomes of Emergency Surgery for Bowel Obstruction.

Introduction: Bowel obstruction is one of the most common surgical emergencies. The management of SBO is variable and influenced by numerous confounding factors. Recent studies have identified mental health as a health disparity that affects surgical outcomes.

Pancreatic Cancer Biopsy Modalities: Comparing Insurance Status, Length of Stay, and Hospital Complications Based on Percutaneous, Endoscopic, and Surgical Biopsy Methods.

Background: Pancreatic cancer is diagnosed histologically through percutaneous biopsy (PB), endoscopic biopsy (EB), or surgical biopsy (SB). Factors and outcomes associated with method type are not clearly understood. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between insurance status, length of hospital stay (LOS), complications, and different pancreatic biopsy modalities.

Electric scooter sharing systems: An analysis of injury patterns associated with their introduction.

Background: With the increasing popularity of electric scooters (ES) and the introduction of ES sharing systems in 2017, hospitals are seeing more ES-related injuries. The effects of sharing systems on traumatic injuries are lacking in the literature. We, therefore, sought to describe trends in ES injuries.

The Mediating Effect of Operative Approach on Racial Disparities in Bariatric Surgery Complications.

Introduction: A laparoscopic approach to bariatric surgeries confers a favorable side-effect profile as compared to an open approach. However, literature regarding the independent association of race with access to and postoperative outcomes in laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (GS) is scarce.

Materials And Methods: All RYGB and GS cases recorded in American College of Surgeons National Quality Improvement Program data from 2012 to 2020 were subjected to propensity score matching to assess the independent association between Black self-identified race on access to a laparoscopic approach and postoperative complications.

Racial disparities in minimally invasive esophagectomy and gastrectomy for upper GI malignancies.

Background: Esophageal cancer and gastric cancer are two important causes of upper GI malignancies. Literature has shown that minimally invasive esophagectomies (MIE) and gastrectomies (MIG), have shorter length of stay and fewer complications. However, limited literature exists about the association between race and access to MIE and MIG.

Access to common laparoscopic general surgical procedures: do racial disparities exist?

Background: Laparoscopy has become the standard of care for the majority of cases for inguinal hernia repair, cholecystectomy, appendectomy, and colectomy due to the shortened patient recovery time compared to open surgery. This study sought to determine if there exists racial disparity in access to a laparoscopic approach to these common surgeries.

Methods: This was an IRB-approved retrospective study utilizing data from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP).

Effects of Game Characteristics and Player Positions on Concussion Incidence and Severity in Professional Football.

Background: Increasing efforts have been made to reduce the incidence and severity of concussion in high-contact sports. Despite these efforts, a relative lack of knowledge is available regarding modulating factors affecting concussion injury.

Purpose: To analyze the potential influence of game characteristics and outcomes on concussion incidence and severity in professional football.

Blood-brain barrier dysfunction after primary blast injury in vitro.

The incidence of blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) has increased substantially in recent military conflicts. However, the consequences of bTBI on the blood-brain barrier (BBB), a specialized cerebrovascular structure essential for brain homeostasis, remain unknown. In this study, we utilized a shock tube driven by compressed gas to generate operationally relevant, ideal pressure profiles consistent with improvised explosive devices (IEDs).

Breast cancer risk factors: a comparison between pre-menopausal and post-menopausal women.

Objective: To evaluate the difference between pre- and post-menopausal breast cancer regarding menstrual and reproductive risk factors

Methods: The case-control study was conducted in Mayo Hospital, Lahore, between October 2008 and April 2009. Cases were breast cancer patients admitted in the surgical and oncology floors of the hospital. Controls were hospital patients without breast cancer.

Anxiety and depression symptoms in patients with dengue fever and their correlation with symptom severity.

Objective: To study the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms in patients with dengue and to examine their correlation with symptom severity.

Methods: In this cross sectional study, 531 consecutive patients who met the World Health Organization criteria for dengue fever admitted to Mayo Hospital, Lahore between September and November 2011 were administered the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). In addition to the HADS, the severity of their symptoms, like headache, myalgias/arthralgias, fever, and retro/periorbital pain, was assessed on a 3-point scale (mild, moderate, and severe).