Indications and clinical outcomes of percutaneous cholecystostomies in acute cholecystitis: a study from Qatar.

Introduction: Acute cholecystitis (AC) is a prevalent condition in emergency departments (EDs). Standard care involves early laparoscopic cholecystectomy; however, in cases of delayed presentation, high surgical risk, or during situations like the COVID-19 pandemic, percutaneous cholecystostomy (PC) serves as an alternative management strategy. This study reports our center's experience with PC in managing AC, providing insights from a unique geographical context.

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Nanorod Arrays-Based Organic Electrochemical Transistor for SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Detection in Artificial Saliva.

The outbreak and continued spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have significantly threatened public health. Antibody testing is essential for infection diagnosis, seroepidemiological analysis, and vaccine evaluation. However, achieving convenient, fast, and accurate detection remains challenging in this prolonged battle.

A DFT study of monolayer magnesium carbide (MgC) as a potential anode for (Li, Na, K) alkali metal-ion batteries.

Magnesium carbide (MgC) is the latest two-dimensional monolayer material with semiconductor properties containing 0.25 eV band gap. Upon adsorption of the Li/Na/K the semiconducting behavior of material changes to metallic.

Multi-epitope-based vaccine models prioritization against Astrovirus MLB1 using immunoinformatics and reverse vaccinology approaches.

Astrovirus MLB1 (HAstV-MLB1) is non-enveloped RNA virus that cause acute gastroenteritis infection. Despite research progress about infection and pathogenesis of HAstV-MLB1, Currently, no vaccine has been developed to effectively combat this pathogen. The current study is based on immunoinformatics and reverse vaccinology approaches to design next-generation, multi-epitope-based vaccine models against HAstV-MLB1.

Antioxidants and Antidiabetic Potential of Polyphenolic Fractions and Crude Extracts of Rhus Coriaria L. Fruit, Punica Granatum L. Peel, and Terminalia Catappa L. Leaves: In Vitro And In Vivo Evaluation.

Rhus coriaria (sumac) fruit, Punica granatum (pomegranate) peel and Terminalia catappa (Indian almond) leaves' extracts and their anthocyanin and non-anthocyanin fractions were assessed in vitro for DPPH radical scavenging, FRAP, human salivary amylase and Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitory potentials, as well as for their in vivo antidiabetic effects on High-Sugar High-Fat Diet (HSHFD) + streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats (8-weeks study), by assessing fasting blood sugar, 1hr- and 2 hr-Oral Glucose Tolerance Tests, serum insulin, Homeostatic Model Assessment (HOMA) analyses, serum creatinine, urea and Blood Urea Nitrogen. All extracts and fractions showed antioxidant (DPPH and FRAP) and enzyme inhibition activities (HAS and DPP-IV) and also suppressed STZ-effects in diabetic mice by increasing Superoxide Dismutase, Glutathione S-Transferase and insulin and decreasing HOMA2-IR, urea and creatinine, with sumac extract showing benefits even when administered prior to STZ. These findings suggest that all tested extracts, particularly sumac, possess significant antioxidant and antidiabetic potential.

Hydrothermally designed Ag-modified TiOheterogeneous nanocatalysts for efficient hydrogen evolution by photo/electro/photoelectro-chemical water splitting.

One compelling goal of carbon-neutrality is to advance sustainable energy applications through advanced functional nanomaterials for achieving remarkable performance in energy conversion processes, especially in green H2 energy. Here, Ag-modified TiO2 nanostructures with highly specific exposed surface sites have been fabricated hydrothermally, elucidating its prominence towards photocatalytic, and photo/-electrocatalytic H2 production. Further, the as-synthesized nanomaterials were investigated by XRD, electron microscopy (SEM/EDAX/TEM/HRTEM), ICP-MS, PL, Raman, UV-visible DRS, and BET surface area studies.

Investigating the Cytoprotective Effect of Syzygium aromaticum and Elettaria cardamomum in Arsenic-Induced Toxicity in the HCT-116 Cell Model: A Luminesce-Based Study.

Arsenic is a highly menacing environmental pollutant that substantially affects the quality of life, even in traces. It develops various diseases through increasing intracellular ROS that interacts with vital organs. Chelation therapy is currently recommended for arsenic toxicity.

Trends of Mortality due to Traumatic Brain Injury in the USA: A Comprehensive Analysis of CDC WONDER Data from 1999 to 2020.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) poses a significant public health challenge in the United States, with diverse causes and outcomes. Understanding the trends in TBI-related mortality is crucial for effective prevention and intervention strategies. This comprehensive analysis utilized data from the (CDC WONDER) database, covering the period from 1999 to 2020.

Commercial immunoassays in paraneoplastic neurological syndromes: an Australian laboratory perspective.

Background: Paraneoplastic antibodies are implicated in heterogeneous clinical presentations. Commercial immunoassays include indirect immunofluorescence (IIF), and line immunoblot (LIB). LIB can be associated with false positives, and unfortunately, further confirmatory assays are not readily available in diagnostic laboratories.

Exact distributions of threshold crossing times of proteins under post-transcriptional regulation by small RNAs.

The timings of several cellular events like cell lysis, cell division, or pore formation in endosomes are regulated by the time taken for the relevant proteins to cross a threshold in number or concentration. Since protein synthesis is stochastic, the threshold crossing time is a first passage problem. The exact distributions of these first passage processes have been obtained recently for unregulated and autoregulated genes.

First principles study of double perovskites LiAgAsX (X = Cl, Br, I) for optoelectronic and thermoelectric applications.

The present communication aims to provide a theoretical examination of the structural, electronic, optical, transport, and mechanical characteristics of LiAgAsX (X = Cl, Br, I) to check their potential for optoelectronic and thermoelectric applications. The structural analysis reveals their cubic symmetry, and their structural and thermodynamic stability is verified through assessments of their tolerance factors (0.96, 0.

De novo identification of universal cell mechanics gene signatures.

Cell mechanical properties determine many physiological functions, such as cell fate specification, migration, or circulation through vasculature. Identifying factors that govern the mechanical properties is therefore a subject of great interest. Here, we present a mechanomics approach for establishing links between single-cell mechanical phenotype changes and the genes involved in driving them.

The Role of Computed Tomography in Achieving True External Rotation in Robotic Knee Replacement: A Retrospective Analysis of 300 Knees.

Introduction: Midflexion gap (MFG) malalignment remains a challenge in total knee arthroplasty (TKA), often attributed to inaccurate femoral component positioning. Precise determination of true external rotation (TER) is crucial for optimal implant orientation and MFG reduction. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of computed tomography (CT)-based TER measurement in robotic knee replacements.

seeds capped calcium oxide nano particles - anti-microbial, antioxidant, anti-ulcer analysis.

Calcium Oxide (CaO) is the best replica of logically plentiful earth metal oxides. CaO nanoparticles include sphere-shaped or faceted elevated surface area and magnetic nanostructured particles. The current study give the information regarding booming synthesis of calcium oxide nanoparticles using calcium chloride as precursor and seed extract as capping agent.

The larval gut of Spodoptera frugiperda harbours culturable bacteria with metabolic versatility after insecticide exposure.

Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) poses a substantial risk to crops worldwide, resulting in considerable economic damage. The gut microbiota of insects plays crucial roles in digestion, nutrition, immunity, growth and, sometimes, the degradation of insecticides. The current study examines the effect of synthetic insecticides on the gut microbiome of third instar S.

Importance of early transfer to higher levels of in-patient care - an experience from a lower-middle-income country.

Objective: To ascertain the frequency of hospitalised internal medicine patients requiring escalation to a higher level of care, and in-hospital mortality in such cases.

Methods: The prospective, observational study was conducted from September 1 to October 15, 2021 at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, and comprised adult patients of either gender admitted to the internal medicine general wards and high dependency units. Data was collected prospectively using a proforma.

Defining myocardial fiber bundle architecture in atrial digital twins.

A key component in developing atrial digital twins (ADT) - virtual representations of patients' atria - is the accurate prescription of myocardial fibers which are essential for the tissue characterization. Due to the difficulty of reconstructing atrial fibers from medical imaging, a widely used strategy for fiber generation in ADT relies on mathematical models. Existing methodologies utilize semi-automatic approaches, are tailored to specific morphologies, and lack rigorous validation against imaging fiber data.

Comparative study of silica and silica-decorated ZnO and ag nanocomposites for antimicrobial and photocatalytic applications.

The increasing threat of multi-resistant infectious agents and environmental toxins has led to a demand for new therapeutic and catalytic materials. In this study, C-SiO₂ (crystalline silica), Ag-SiO₂ (silver-silica), and ZnO-SiO₂ (zinc oxide-silica) nanocomposites (NCs) were synthesized through green methods and characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). These silica-based nanomaterials were investigated as potential photocatalysts for the degradation of p-nitroanilines and their antibacterial and antioxidant properties.

Assessment of public awareness and perspectives towards adverse drug reaction reporting system in Karachi, Pakistan.

Background: Public involvement in reporting adverse drug reactions (ADRs) generates a broader database on drug safety. Underreporting remains a hindrance to implementing an effective pharmacovigilance system that ultimately affects public health. Hence, it is critical to appraise the public's awareness of ADR reporting and pharmacovigilance to address the gaps for the enhancement of ADR reporting rate.

Using deep feature distances for evaluating the perceptual quality of MR image reconstructions.

Purpose: Commonly used MR image quality (IQ) metrics have poor concordance with radiologist-perceived diagnostic IQ. Here, we develop and explore deep feature distances (DFDs)-distances computed in a lower-dimensional feature space encoded by a convolutional neural network (CNN)-as improved perceptual IQ metrics for MR image reconstruction. We further explore the impact of distribution shifts between images in the DFD CNN encoder training data and the IQ metric evaluation.

Mixed Trabecular and Mucinous Carcinoid Arising in the Background of a Mature Ovarian Cystic Teratoma.

Ovarian carcinoid tumors, originating from mature ovarian cystic teratomas (dermoid cysts), are rare neuroendocrine tumors. The synchronous occurrence of trabecular and mucinous carcinoid tumors within a single ovarian teratoma is infrequent and has limited documentation. We present the case of a 67-year-old postmenopausal woman presenting with abdominal pain, constipation, and urinary retention, but without features of carcinoid syndrome.

CoviWall, a whole-virion-inactivated B.1.617.2 vaccine candidate, induces potent humoral and Th1 cell response in mice and protects against B.1.617.2 strain challenge in Syrian hamsters.

Rapid development of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines and antiviral drugs have significantly reduced morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although most of the vaccines were developed initially with the ancestral Wuhan antigen, here, we report the development and immunological efficacy of a whole-virion-inactivated vaccine candidate (CoviWall) to combat the deadly B.1.

Comparative Evaluation of Osseodensification vs Conventional Osteotomy Technique on Primary and Secondary Implant Stability in Rabbit Model Split Body RCT.

Aim And Objective: To measure and contrast primary stability metrics, such as insertion torque values and implant stability quotient (IQS) at the time of implant placement, and secondary stability metrics, such as ISQ three months post-implant insertion, between implants inserted in osteotomy sites prepared with conventional drills and osseodensification drills (OD) in the femoral condyles of female New Zealand white rabbits, which are characterized by low-density D4 type bone.

Materials And Methods: Eight female New Zealand white strain rabbits, each 14 weeks old and weighing approximately 2.5 ± 0.

An in-depth analysis of the impact of environmental drivers on the variability of phytoplankton community in the Arabian Sea during 2010-2021.

This study examines the long-term changes in phytoplankton size classes (PSCs) in the Arabian Sea (AS) using the remote sensing reflectance () data collected over 12 years (2010-2021) from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). The spectra were inverted to chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentrations using a non-linear optimisation method, which were then used to estimate the PSC using a region specific three-component model. The analysis is carried out for all four seasons, , winter (December-February), pre-monsoon (March-May), monsoon (June-September) and post-monsoon (October-November).