Complication Rates Following Tibial Tubercle Osteotomy With and Without Distalization in Young Patients With Patellar Instability: A Multicenter Study.

Background: Tibial tubercle osteotomy (TTO) is a surgical procedure for the management of patellofemoral instability (PFI). Tubercle distalization requires a complete osteotomy detachment and has been shown to have an increased rate of certain complications in predominantly adult cohorts. With this study we identify and compare the complication rate of 2 TTO techniques-anteromedializing alone (AM) and anteromedializing with concomitant distalization (AMD) among young patients.

Nerve Recovery in Pediatric Supracondylar Humeral Fractures: Assessing the Impact of Time to Surgery.

Background: Nerve injuries in pediatric supracondylar humeral (SCH) fractures occur in 2% to 35% of patients. Previous research has suggested that isolated anterior interosseous nerve injuries are not influenced by the time to surgery; however, little is known about other nerve injuries or mixed, motor, and sensory injuries. With this study, we aimed to examine the impact of time to surgery on nerve recovery in patients with traumatic nerve injuries associated with SCH fractures.

Partial Avulsion Patterns in the Pediatric Humeral Medial Epicondyle.

Background: The anterior oblique bundle of the medial ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) inserts on the anteroinferior aspect of the humeral medial epicondyle, while the flexor pronator mass (FPM) originates superficial and proximal to the UCL. With valgus stress, these distinct footprints may produce injury patterns that affect only focal areas of the medial epicondyle.

Hypothesis: The proximal UCL can act on the medial epicondyle either in isolation or in conjunction with the FPM to form partial avulsion fracture patterns within the pediatric medial epicondyle, and the predominant pattern involves only the proximal UCL footprint.

Predicting Blood Loss in Aneurysmal Bone Cyst Surgery.

Background: Preoperative estimation of intraoperative blood loss is essential for its management and literature is lacking with respect to factors influencing blood loss in aneurysmal bone cysts (ABC) surgery. The purpose of this study is to identify risk factors and predictors for blood loss in ABC surgery.

Methods: An IRB-approved retrospective review was performed from 2011 to 2021 at a pediatric tertiary care center.

Management of osteonecrosis of the humeral head in the pediatric population: A systematic review.

Purpose: Humeral head osteonecrosis in the pediatric patients most often occurs in patients with underlying hemoglobinopathies, exposure to chronic corticosteroids, or after trauma. The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review evaluating the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and management of humeral head osteonecrosis in the pediatric population.

Methods: PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, and Scopus were screened with the terms "osteonecrosis," "avascular necrosis," "pediatric," and "proximal humerus" on January 10, 2024.

Evaluation of Tibial Slope on Radiographs in Pediatric Patients With Tibial Spine Fractures: An Age- and Sex-Matched Study.

Background: A recent study has reported that the radiographic measurement of posterior tibial slope (PTS) is larger in male pediatric patients with tibial spine fractures (TSF) than in controls. However, they found no difference in PTS between female patients and controls.

Purpose: (1) To identify whether PTS is larger in female pediatric patients with TSF than in female controls and (2) to validate the relationship between PTS and pediatric TSF in male patients.

Rotation and Asymmetry of the Axial Plane Pelvis in Cerebral Palsy: A CT-Based Study.

Spinopelvic malignment is commonly seen with non-ambulatory cerebral palsy (CP). Axial plane deformation is not well described in the literature. The purpose of this study was to describe and quantify the axial plane deformity in CP using CT scans and compare it to normal controls.

Nausea and Vomiting After Posterior Spinal Fusion in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Systematic and Critical Analysis Review.

Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) affects patient satisfaction, health care costs, and hospital stay by complicating the postoperative recovery period after adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) spinal fusion surgery. Our goal was to identify recommendations for optimal management of PONV in AIS patients undergoing posterior spinal fusion (PSF).

Methods: We performed a systematic review in June 2022, searching the PubMed and Embase electronic databases using search terms "(Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis) AND (Postoperative) AND (Nausea) AND (Vomiting).

Refracture Following Operative Treatment of Pediatric Both Bone Forearm Fractures.

Introduction: Both bone forearm fractures are common injuries in children. Most can be treated with reduction and casting. Those that fail nonoperative management can be treated with a plate or intramedullary fixation; however, refracture remains a problem.

Traumatic hip dislocations in a pediatric cohort: The importance of advanced imaging.

Purpose: Given that pediatric traumatic hip dislocations are relatively rare, the purpose of the current study is twofold: first, to contribute a significant cohort to the existing corpus, and second, to provide evidence toward the role that computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging could play in identification and management of this type of injury.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of all patients with traumatic hip dislocation who presented from 2012 to 2022 at a tertiary-level pediatric trauma center. Data regarding demographics, mechanism of injury, imaging, and treatment were tabulated.

Does Skeletal Maturity Predict the Pattern of Tibial Tubercle Avulsion Fracture?

Background: Proximal tibial physeal development and closure is thought to relate to tibial tubercle avulsion fracture (TTAF) patterns. Prior work has yet to formally evaluate the relationship between skeletal maturity and fracture pattern.  Using 2 knee radiograph-derived skeletal maturity assessments [growth remaining percentage (GRP) and epiphyseal union stage], we examined their association with TTAF injury patterns using the Ogden and Pandya fracture classifications.

Comparative Effects of Azithromycin and Probiotics for Treatment of Acne Vulgaris.

Objectives: To measure the efficacy of oral probiotics when combined with a topical agent, and to compare the efficacy of Azithromycin, Probiotics, and their combination for the treatment of acne vulgaris.

Study Design: A quasi-experimental study. Place and Duration of the Study: Pharmacology Department, IIMC in mutual collaboration with the Dermatology Department, Pak Emirates Military Hospital (PEMH), Rawalpindi, from September 2021 to August 2022.

Role of non-thermal electrons in ultrafast spin dynamics of ferromagnetic multilayer.

Understanding of ultrafast spin dynamics is crucial for future spintronic applications. In particular, the role of non-thermal electrons needs further investigation in order to gain a fundamental understanding of photoinduced demagnetization and remagnetization on a femtosecond time scale. We experimentally demonstrate that non-thermal electrons existing in the very early phase of the photoinduced demagnetization process play a key role in governing the overall ultrafast spin dynamics behavior.

Laparoscopic Ultra Low Anterior Resection: Single Center, 6-Year Study.

This study represents a prospective analysis of a series of laparoscopic ultra low anterior resection (ULAR) done at a laparoscopic surgical center to assess the surgical outcome, oncological efficacy, and quality of life after surgery. Over a period of 6 years (2013-2018), 43 patients aged between 40 and 68 years, with very low rectal cancers (3-6 cm from the anal verge), within T3N1M0 stage, assessed by positron emission tomography-computed tomography and pelvic magnetic resonance imaging, underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) followed by laparoscopic ULAR and simultaneous diversion ileostomy. The overall complication rate was low and there was an overall leak rate of 9.

Cationic Polyelectrolyte for Anionic Cyanines: An Efficient Way To Translate Molecular Properties into Material Properties.

In this work, a new phosphonium-containing cationic polyelectrolyte () has been rationally designed and developed via a facile click-chemistry type postfunctionalization, which can form complexes with highly polarizable anionic cyanines to significantly reduce the strong and random cyanine-cyanine interactions (i.e., aggregation) in the solid-state.

Synthesis of new triazole fused imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole hybrids with emphasis on Staphylococcus aureus virulence factors.

A series of new triazole fused imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole hybrids (9a-u) were designed, synthesized and evaluated as antimicrobial agents. Compounds 9c, 9d, 9e, 9j and 9l showed promising broad spectrum antimicrobial activity. Further, compound 9c exhibited significant anti-biofilm activity with single and mixed biofilm disruption demonstrated by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM).

Thoracoscopic Diaphragmatic Plication for Eventration in Pregnant Woman: A Case Report.

Diaphragmatic eventration is an uncommon malady, underdiagnosed and often treated only in emergent situations. Eventration of the diaphragm is best treated by plication of diaphragm with or without meshplasty. Various studies have shown that thoracoscopic plication is as efficient as laparotomy or laparoscopic plication.

Histoplasmosis-Induced Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in an Adult Patient: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is an aggressive and life-threating immune dysregulation syndrome characterized by persistent activation of the mononuclear phagocytic system leading to uncontrolled systemic hyperinflammatory response. The proliferation and activation of histiocytes and lymphocytes lead to production of large amounts of cytokines, also called cytokine storm. Hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues are directly involved while other organs are damaged by circulating cytokines.

Single-Incision Multi-Port Appendectomy for a Patient with Situs Inversus Totalis: First case report.

Situs inversus totalis (SIT) is a rare autosomal recessive condition involving the complete lateral transposition of the organs. When individuals with this condition suffer from appendicitis, associated pain and symptoms are usually present on the left side, resulting in diagnostic difficulties. Moreover, the laparoscopic removal of the left-sided appendix may pose practical problems during surgery.

Is It Painful to Manage Chronic Pain? A Cross-Sectional Study of Physicians In-Training in a University Program.

Background: Prescribing opioids for chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) is a challenge due to associated risks from abuse, addiction and adverse effects. We surveyed resident physicians on their knowledge, attitude and practices in opioid prescription practices in the ambulatory setting and conducted an educational module to address their knowledge gaps.

Methods: A phase 1 survey assessed knowledge, attitudes and practices of residents in the out-patient management of CNCP with opioids.

Management of Lung Cancer in the Elderly.

Lung cancer disproportionately affects the elderly. Aging is typically associated with higher risk of comorbidity, declines in physical, organ, and cognitive function, and diminished social support. Hence the management of a disease as complex and potentially lethal as lung cancer in this population is challenging.

Feeding after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy: experience of early versus delayed feeding.

Background: Multiple studies have demonstrated that feeding ≤4 hours after placement of a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube is a reasonable option. Many physicians, however, continue to delay feedings until the next day or 24 hours; therefore, we evaluated the safety and effect of early feeding (≤4 hours) after PEG placement in our tertiary care center.

Methods: A retrospective study of 444 patients who underwent PEG between June 2006 and December 2011 was performed.