To compare horizontal strabismus deviation as assessed from photographs with that in the strabismus clinic using the prism bar.

Purpose: To compare the deviation in cases of horizontal strabismus as assessed from photographs with the measurements as obtained in the strabismus clinic.

Methods: After obtaining informed consent, we recruited subjects with manifest horizontal strabismus. We took a frontal flash photograph from a distance of 50 cm using smart-phone-based cameras with the flash light vertically aligned with the lens.

Canon CP-TX1 camera - As a screening tool for amblyogenic risk factors.

Purpose: To evaluate the Canon CP-TX1 camera as a screening tool for ARFs in a pediatric population and estimate the prevalence of ARFs.

Methods: In a pediatric outpatient space, largely in the immunization clinic, after obtaining parental consent, we encouraged children to be photographed from a distance of 5 feet in a dim room by using a CP-TX1 camera with the red-eye reduction feature off. Based on the captured red reflex, children were labeled as normal (symmetrical red reflexes in the two eyes, with no visible crescents); all others were considered as abnormal or positive for ARFs.