Evaluating the Role of Maximal Expiratory Flow at 25% (MEF-25) in Detecting and Managing Patients With Small Airway Disease in the United Arab Emirates.

Middle Eastern countries, such as the United Arab Emirates and Oman, are affected by frequent dust storms and extreme hot climatic conditions, which can exacerbate respiratory conditions. These environmental factors are particularly injurious to asthmatic patients, as they can aggravate small airway disease (SAD), leading to increased morbidity and healthcare challenges. The evaluation of maximal mid-expiratory flow (MEF-25) as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool for early-stage small airway dysfunction is of significant clinical importance, particularly in hot and arid metropolitan environments where dusty conditions exacerbate pulmonary issues.

Withaferin A decreases glycolytic reprogramming in breast cancer.

Reprogrammed glucose metabolism is considered as the hallmark of cancer with therapeutic implications. Phytocompounds have potential to inhibit cancer metabolism. Here, we tested the ability of Withaferin A (WA), a withanolide derived from Withania somnifera, in modulating cancer metabolism.

Successful Co-administration of Dupilumab and Anti-tuberculosis Drugs in a Severely Uncontrolled Asthma Patient With Pulmonary Tuberculosis.

The co-occurrence of active tuberculosis (TB) in patients with moderate to severe asthma presents unique therapeutic challenges, particularly with the advent of biologics like dupilumab, which targets the interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-13 (IL-13) pathways in asthma treatment. Despite the general safety of biologics, concerns about immunosuppression and susceptibility to infections like TB persist. This case report discusses a male with severe, uncontrolled type 2 allergic asthma, who experienced multiple exacerbations despite maximal bronchodilator therapy and then concomitantly developed pulmonary TB.

C3 Glomerulopathy Recurs Early after Kidney Transplantation in Serial Biopsies Performed within the First 2 Years after Transplantation.

Background: C3 glomerulopathy (C3G), which encompasses C3GN and dense deposit disease (DDD), results from dysregulation of the alternative complement pathway. Data on disease recurrence after kidney transplantation are limited, and details on histologic features of recurrent C3G are scarce. We aimed to evaluate C3G recurrence in the allograft, with a focus on histologic presentation and progression.

Genetic landscape of thrombophilia in recurrent miscarriages.

The etiology of recurrent miscarriage (RM) is extremely heterogeneous, encompassing genetic, immunological, anatomical, endocrine, thrombophilic, infectious, and uterine abnormalities. Thrombophilia is a major contributor to pregnancy complications, potentially harming the fetus and jeopardizing the continuation of pregnancy. Therefore, successful pregnancy outcomes depend on maintaining a delicate balance between coagulation and fibrinolytic factors, crucial for ensuring the adjustment of the basal plate to facilitate adequate placental perfusion.

Acute Kidney Injury Requiring Dialysis After Pediatric Heart Transplant.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of pediatric heart transplant, with a subset of patients developing severe AKI requiring dialysis (AKI-D). We aimed to identify the epidemiology, risk factors, and outcomes of postoperative AKI-D in pediatric heart transplant recipients.

Methods: We retrospectively identified all pediatric first-time, single-organ heart transplants at our institution from 2014 to 2022.

Mechanism of antibacterial phytoconstituents: an updated review.

The increase of multiple drug resistance bacteria significantly diminishes the effectiveness of antibiotic armory and subsequently exaggerates the level of therapeutic failure. Phytoconstituents are exceptional substitutes for resistance-modifying vehicles. The plants appear to be a deep well for the discovery of novel antibacterial compounds.

Cytotoxic potential and metabolomic profiling of alkaloid rich fraction of Tylophora indica leaves.

Tylophora indica (Burm f.) Merrill, belong to family Asclepiadaceae, is considered to be a natural remedy with high medicinal benefits. The objective of this work is to assess the metabolomic profile of T.

Impact of ABCB1 and ABCG2 Transporter in Outcome of Gallbladder Cancer.

Background: Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a biologically aggressive malignancy requiring appropriate biomarkers to improve its outcome. Role of ABC transporters (ABCB1 and ABCG2) has been linked to cancer aggressiveness, tumorigenesis and multidrug resistance. Herein, we studied the prognostic implication of ABCB1 and ABCG2 in GBC.

Phytocompounds targeting epigenetic modulations: an assessment in cancer.

For centuries, plants have been serving as sources of potential therapeutic agents. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in investigating the effects of plant-derived compounds on epigenetic processes, a novel and captivating Frontier in the field of epigenetics research. Epigenetic changes encompass modifications to DNA, histones, and microRNAs that can influence gene expression.

Cold Ischemia Time and Delayed Graft Function in Kidney Transplantation: A Paired Kidney Analysis.

Background: We aimed to understand the association between cold ischemia time (CIT) and delayed graft function (DGF) after kidney transplantation and the impact of organ pumping on that association.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study using US registry data. We identified kidney pairs from the same donor where both kidneys were transplanted but had a CIT difference >0 and ≤20 h.

Collapsing glomerulopathy is likely a major contributing factor for worse allograft survival in patients receiving kidney transplants from black donors.

Although a few registry-based studies have shown associations between receiving kidney allografts from Black donors and shorter allograft survival, detailed, large, single-center studies accounting for common confounding factors are lacking. Furthermore, pathologic alterations underlying this potential disparity have not been systematically studied. We performed a retrospective clinical-pathological study of kidney transplant recipients who received kidney allografts from either Black ( = 407) or White ( = 1,494) donors at Columbia University Irving Medical Center from 2005 to 2018, with median follow-up of 4.

Developing a genetic testing panel for evaluation of morbidities in kidney transplant recipients.

Cardiovascular disease, infection, malignancy, and thromboembolism are major causes of morbidity and mortality in kidney transplant recipients (KTR). Prospectively identifying monogenic conditions associated with post-transplant complications may enable personalized management. Therefore, we developed a transplant morbidity panel (355 genes) associated with major post-transplant complications including cardiometabolic disorders, immunodeficiency, malignancy, and thrombophilia.

Obesity is associated with a higher incidence of rejection in patients on belatacept: A pooled analysis from the BENEFIT/BENEFIT-EXT clinical trials.

Though belatacept is administered with a weight-based dosing schema, there has been higher clearance reported in obese patients. Therefore, we evaluated the association between body mass index (BMI) and transplant outcomes in kidney transplant recipients who were randomized to cyclosporine- or belatacept-based immunosuppression in the BENEFIT and BENEFIT-EXT randomized clinical trials. A total of 666 and 543 patients underwent randomization and transplantation in BENEFIT and BENEFIT-EXT, respectively, of which 1056 had complete data and were included in this analysis.

Impact of peri-operative red blood cell transfusions for treatment of anemia on acute rejection in renal transplant recipients.

Introduction: Anemia occurs before and after kidney transplantation. Determining the impact of perioperative transfusion on post-transplant outcomes can help determine best management of anemia.

Project Aim: The current study aims to describe clinical outcomes associated with packed red blood cell transfusions in the peri-operative management of anemia after transplantation.