AJR Am J Roentgenol
December 2014
Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate and validate adaptation of a cardiovascular CT angiography contrast injection protocol for lower tube potential.
Materials And Methods: Eighty-three patients evaluated for thoracic aortic disease with a 256-MDCT scanner were imaged at 120 kV (group 1) or 100 kV (group 2) with the same contrast protocol (90 mL iopromide 370 mg I/mL at 3.5 mL/s).
Purpose: To study the biorelevant drug release from novel starch-based polyvinyl alcohol capsules (S-PVA-C). The effect of the shell material is studied by considering microstructural formulation changes during hydration.
Methods: Two different self-emulsifying systems containing either fenofibrate or probucol were filled in S-PVA-C, as well as capsules of gelatin (SGC) and starch (VegaGels®).
For decades, gelatin has been used in the rotary die process as a shell-forming material of soft capsules because of its unique physicochemical properties. However, with respect to the encapsulation of comparatively hydrophilic lipid-based formulations, gelatin has one considerable drawback: Immediately after production, the capsule shell contains a large amount of water (up to 35%). There is the potential for water to migrate from the capsule shell into the formulation, which will lead to a decrease in drug solubility and, in turn, the potential for drug crystallization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe effects of tamoxifen (TAM), its 3-hydroxy congener droloxifene (DROL) and 17 beta-estradiol were investigated on leukemogenesis induced in BALB/c mice by Rauscher murine leukemia virus (RLV). Multiple applications of each compound, in a dose-dependent manner, resulted in reduced virus titer in the serum, delayed onset of splenomegaly and significant prolongation of survival. Although 17 beta-estradiol proved most effective, prevention of disease was not achieved either by short- or long-term treatment with any of the drugs tested.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Virol Methods
September 1991
A sensitive non-isotopic assay for specific detection of reverse transcriptase (RT) of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is described using 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine triphosphate (BrdUTP) instead of tritiated thymidine triphosphate. After the RT reaction the template primer is degraded by alkaline hydrolysis. Single-stranded poly.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Geschwulstforsch
September 1990
A single application of trypan blue 3 to 24 hours before or simultaneous with inoculation of the Rauscher leukemia virus (RLV) resulted in enhancement of leukemogenesis with an especially high viremia. Repeated administration of trypan blue after RLV infection resulted in reduced spleen weight. Viremia, however, was also increased compared with controls (no application of trypan blue), but in a lower rate than in mice treated with the virus plus trypan blue.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Exp Veterinarmed
December 1990
The use of 60Co-gamma-radiation-sterilised calf sera in cell culturing is reported in this paper. Evidence was produced to the effect that 60Co-gamma-irradiation, using a dosage of 3 kGy and a dose rate of 8 kGy/h, of fetal calf serum, neonatal calf serum, and calf serum did not substantially alter the growth-stimulating properties of those sera during 42-day tests. With almost all cell lines and sera used, for all practical purposes, they were identical with the properties of control sera.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe electron microscopic particle findings were compared with the levels of revertase in corresponding samples over a longer period of time, and a good correlation was found. Comparative investigations of the fine-structure of two HIV isolates did not reveal any morphological differences. It can be assumed, on the basis of the comparative studies on lectin receptors using Helix pomatia lectin, that the viral envelopes of the two isolates are equipped similarly with N-acetyl-d-galactosamine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHaloperidol, a butyrophenon, is widely used for the treatment of psychotic disorders in man. Recently we reported that this drug causes, with high incidence, the development of monocytic-myeloid leukemias in male NMRI mice upon 5 X 5 mg/kg i.p.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomed Biochim Acta
December 1987
Pentosan polysulfate (SP 54), a low molecular weight sulfated polysaccharide, was studied in vitro for its effect on the reverse transcriptase activity of seven retroviruses. Six of them possess an enzyme with high sensitivity against SP 54, while the enzyme of one virus (bovine leucosis virus) proved to be insensitive within the concentration range tested. In comparison with other polyanionic compounds so far tested, SP 54 seems to be one of the most active in vitro inhibitors of retrovirus-specific reverse transcriptase.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhenolic polymers synthesized by enzymatic oxidation of coffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, and gentisinic acid were found to strongly inhibit RNA-dependent DNA polymerase (revertase) of retroviruses. Except of two type C retroviruses inhibition became reversible by the addition of bovine serum albumin to the exogenous revertase test. The phenolic polymers tested did not influence the propagation of retroviruses in the cell culture.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe effect on retroviruses of two transition metal complexes of known antiviral activity, 4-methyl-2-amino-pyridine-palladium-chloride (MAP) and cis-dichloro-diammine-platinum(II) (cis-DDP) has been investigated. The experiments included the evaluation of the action of compounds on virus particle-associated reverse transcriptase in exogenous assays, on virus propagation in persistently infected cell cultures and on virus infectivity in mice. In disrupted viruses and in the absence of excess protein, the reverse transcriptase was inhibited by MAP but not by cis-DDP.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA significant increase in sialic acid content is demonstrable in the sera of cancer patients. Our investigations were performed to find out whether the serum sialic acid level is altered also during pregnancy or with infections of the upper respiratory tract. Our results have revealed a slight increase in sialic acid level to occur only in the last trimester of pregnancy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn contrast to the human cell line derived type D retrovirus PMFV, the Mason-Pfizer monkey virus (MPMV) does not suppress the mitogen response of normal human lymphocytes. Both viruses have been propagated on the same cell lines and purified by the same methods. MPMV did not contain a factor able to abolish PMFV-induced suppression of the mitogen response.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe type D retrovirus PMFV, derived from a human cell line, suppresses the in vitro response of human lymphocytes to different T-cell mitogens as well as the mixed lymphocyte reaction. The suppressive effect is virus-specific and the active fraction copurifies with the virus particles. The suppression is produced by both crude and highly purified intact and disrupted virus preparations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA modification of the method reported by R. J. Shamberger (J.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Geschwulstforsch
November 1985
The naturally occurring tumour promoter teleocidin produces a pronounced but transient enhancement of the synthesis of extracellular viral particles in human cells chronically infected with simian retroviruses of type C (baboon endogenous virus, simian sarcoma virus) or type D (Mason-Pfizer monkey virus) or a human cell line-derived type D isolate (PMF virus), respectively. The retrovirus-stimulating activity of teleocidin is very similar to that previously described for the tumour-promoting phorbol ester TPA in the same cell systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe tumor promoters 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and teleocidin were found to be effective in stimulating the synthesis of primate retroviruses in chronically infected human cells. Production of baboon endogenous virus, simian sarcoma virus of woolly monkeys, Mason-Pfizer virus of rhesus monkeys and of a type D isolate from a human cell line was evaluated by assaying particle-associated reverse transcriptase activities in culture fluids of cells grown in the presence or absence of tumour promoters. Both TPA and teleocidin caused a significant but transient increase in virus production, as well as cytomorphological changes in the following infected cell types: human embryonic kidney, Tu 197 human ovarian carcinoma cells, NC 37 human lymphoblastoid line.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFolia Haematol Int Mag Klin Morphol Blutforsch
November 1984
In the present paper, recent biochemical studies of retroviruses carried out in our laboratory are summarized. Protein compositions, peptide maps of internal structural proteins, neighborhoods of major structural proteins, and serological properties of reverse transcriptases of type D virus isolates from human cells (including Graffi's isolate termed PMFV and also isolates from HeLa- and HEp-2 cells) were compared with those of type D viruses from Old World (Mason-Pfizer virus of rhesus monkeys, langur virus) and New World (squirrel monkey retrovirus) monkeys. The results provide various new informations on, and further demonstrate the diversity of primate type D viruses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomed Biochim Acta
September 1983
A simple method has been developed that allows the concentration and partial purification of retroviruses from both small and large volumes of culture fluid in a comparatively short period of time. The method is based on the property of polyacrylnitrile (PAN) to adsorb preferentially nonviral proteins. Retroviruses purified by this procedure exhibit rather high specific reverse transcriptase activities and a good appearance in electron micrographs and protein patterns.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe tumor promoter 12-0-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-14-acetate (TPA) increases by severalfold the synthesis of Mason-Pfizer monkey virus (MPMV), a type D retrovirus, when the virus is growing in human embryo kidney (HEK) cells. The effect is transient and paralleled by a striking morphological alteration of the cells. The optimal TPA concentration for stimulation is 5 ng.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDevelopment of mainly monocytic-myeloid leukaemias was observed in two strains of mice upon i.p. administration of 4-[4-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-hydroxy-1-piperidinyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-butanone (haloperidol), an antipsychotic drug.
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