Mesopredator release moderates trophic control of plant biomass in a Georgia salt marsh.

Predators regulate communities through top-down control in many ecosystems. Because most studies of top-down control last less than a year and focus on only a subset of the community, they may miss predator effects that manifest at longer timescales or across whole food webs. In southeastern US salt marshes, short-term and small-scale experiments indicate that nektonic predators (e.

Slice-specific B shimming improves the repeatability of multishot DWI at 7 T.

Purpose: Compared with lower field strengths, DWI at 7 T faces the combined challenges of increased distortion and blurring due to B inhomogeneity, and increased signal dropouts due to B inhomogeneity. This study addresses the B limitations using slice-specific static parallel transmission (pTx) in a multi-shot, readout-segmented EPI diffusion imaging sequence.

Methods: DWI was performed in 7 healthy subjects using MRI at 7 T and readout-segmented EPI.

Results of a feasibility and initial efficacy clinical trial of a high-intensity interval training program using adaptive equipment in persons with multiple sclerosis who have walking disability.

Background: High intensity interval training (HIIT) has been identified as potential stimulus for eliciting health-promoting physical activity in an efficient manner among persons with multiple sclerosis (MS). The current study aimed to examine the feasibility and initial efficacy of a 12-week HIIT program using a recumbent stepper (RSTEP) in persons with MS who have walking disability. Feasibility outcomes of interest included process (i.

Work Environment Differences Between Outpatient and Inpatient Surgery: A Pilot Study on the Vascular Surgeons' Perceptions.

Background: In France, outpatient endovascular surgical procedures have been slowly implemented in hospitals since 2015. Their development has been heterogeneous across France and is not yet the standard of care despite their benefits concerning patients' outcomes and healthcare professionals' satisfaction. However, since the COVID-19 pandemic, the demand for patient beds has been increasing, while human resources have been decreasing.

Intra-scan RF power amplifier drift correction.

Purpose: The drift in radiofrequency (RF) power amplifiers (RFPAs) is assessed and several contributing factors are investigated. Two approaches for prospective correction of drift are proposed and their effectiveness is evaluated.

Methods: RFPA drift assessment encompasses both intra-pulse and inter-pulse drift analyses.

Hydrogenation of functionalised pyridines with a rhodium oxide catalyst under mild conditions.

Piperidines are one of the most widely used building blocks in the synthesis of pharmaceutical and agrochemical compounds. The hydrogenation of pyridines is a convenient method to synthesise such compounds as it only requires reactant, catalyst, and a hydrogen source. However, this reaction still remains difficult for the reduction of functionalised and multi-substituted pyridines.

Leptin receptor neurons in the dorsomedial hypothalamus input to the circadian feeding network.

Salient cues, such as the rising sun or availability of food, entrain biological clocks for behavioral adaptation. The mechanisms underlying entrainment to food availability remain elusive. Using single-nucleus RNA sequencing during scheduled feeding, we identified a dorsomedial hypothalamus leptin receptor-expressing (DMH) neuron population that up-regulates circadian entrainment genes and exhibits calcium activity before an anticipated meal.

A leptin-responsive hypothalamic circuit inputs to the circadian feeding network.

Salient cues, such as the rising sun or the availability of food, play a crucial role in entraining biological clocks, allowing for effective behavioral adaptation and ultimately, survival. While the light-dependent entrainment of the central circadian pacemaker (suprachiasmatic nucleus, SCN) is relatively well defined, the molecular and neural mechanisms underlying entrainment associated with food availability remains elusive. Using single nucleus RNA sequencing during scheduled feeding (SF), we identified a leptin receptor (LepR) expressing neuron population in the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) that upregulates circadian entrainment genes and exhibits rhythmic calcium activity prior to an anticipated meal.

Faunal engineering stimulates landscape-scale accretion in southeastern US salt marshes.

The fate of coastal ecosystems depends on their ability to keep pace with sea-level rise-yet projections of accretion widely ignore effects of engineering fauna. Here, we quantify effects of the mussel, Geukensia demissa, on southeastern US saltmarsh accretion. Multi-season and -tidal stage surveys, in combination with field experiments, reveal that deposition is 2.

The effects of RF coils and SAR supervision strategies for clinically applicable nonselective parallel-transmit pulses at 7 T.

Purpose: To investigate the effects of using different parallel-transmit (pTx) head coils and specific absorption rate (SAR) supervision strategies on pTx pulse design for ultrahigh-field MRI using a 3D-MPRAGE sequence.

Methods: The PTx universal pulses (UPs) and fast online-customized (FOCUS) pulses were designed with pre-acquired data sets (B , B maps, specific absorption rate [SAR] supervision data) from two different 8 transmit/32 receive head coils on two 7T whole-body MR systems. For one coil, the SAR supervision model consisted of per-channel RF power limits.

Ultra-high field MRI: parallel-transmit arrays and RF pulse design.

This paper reviews the field of multiple or parallel radiofrequency (RF) transmission for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Currently the use of ultra-high field (UHF) MRI at 7 tesla and above is gaining popularity, yet faces challenges with non-uniformity of the RF field and higher RF power deposition. Since its introduction in the early 2000s, parallel transmission (pTx) has been recognized as a powerful tool for accelerating spatially selective RF pulses and combating the challenges associated with RF inhomogeneity at UHF.

SARS-CoV-2 Detection in air samples from inside heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems- COVID surveillance in student dorms.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic affected universities and institutions and caused campus shutdowns with a transition to online teaching models. To detect infections that might spread on campus, we pursued research towards detecting SARS-CoV-2 in air samples inside student dorms.

Methods: We sampled air in 2 large dormitories for 3.

Design of spectral-spatial phase prewinding pulses and their use in small-tip fast recovery steady-state imaging.

Purpose: Spectrally selective "prewinding" radiofrequency pulses can counteract B0 inhomogeneity in steady-state sequences, but can only prephase a limited range of off-resonance. We propose spectral-spatial small-tip angle prewinding pulses that increase the off-resonance bandwidth that can be successfully prephased by incorporating spatially tailored excitation patterns.

Theory And Methods: We present a feasibility study to compare spectral and spectral-spatial prewinding pulses.