Socioeconomic Inequities in Pap Test Use Among Black Women in the United States: An Intersectional Approach.

Introduction: Research investigating racialized inequities in cervical cancer screening has rarely considered the influence of socioeconomic position (SEP), a key social determinant of health that intersects with race/ethnicity and racism. Thus, data on socioeconomic inequities in Pap test use within racialized groups-including Black women, who are at elevated risk of cervical cancer morbidity and mortality-are limited.

Methods: Using 2011-2019 data from the National Survey of Family Growth and guided by an intersectional framework, we used multivariable logistic regression to examine the association between educational attainment, employment status, and income and the adjusted odds of Pap test use in the last 3 years among Black U.

Association of Antibodies to Helminth Defense Molecule 1 With Inflammation, Organomegaly, and Decreased Nutritional Status in Schistosomiasis Japonica.

Immunomodulation enhances parasite fitness by reducing inflammation-induced morbidity in the mammalian host, as well as by attenuating parasite-targeting immune responses. Using a whole-proteome differential screening method, we identified Schistosoma japonicum helminth defense molecule 1 (SjHDM-1) as a target of antibodies expressed by S. japonicum-resistant but not S.

Nanoporous aramid nanofibre separators for nonaqueous redox flow batteries.

Redox flow batteries are attractive for large-scale energy storage due to a combination of high theoretical efficiencies and decoupled power and energy storage capacities. Efforts to significantly increase energy densities by using nonaqueous electrolytes have been impeded by separators with low selectivities. Here, we report nanoporous separators based on aramid nanofibres, which are assembled using a scalable, low cost, spin-assisted layer-by-layer technique.

Feasibility of a Supporting-Salt-Free Nonaqueous Redox Flow Battery Utilizing Ionic Active Materials.

Nonaqueous redox flow batteries (NAqRFBs) are promising devices for grid-scale energy storage, but high projected prices could limit commercial prospects. One route to reduced prices is to minimize or eliminate the expensive supporting salts typically employed in NAqRFBs. Herein, the feasibility of a flow cell operating in the absence of supporting salt by utilizing ionic active species is demonstrated.

Exposure to a Social Stressor Induces Translocation of Commensal Lactobacilli to the Spleen and Priming of the Innate Immune System.

Studies have shown that exposure to psychological stressors leads to inflammation throughout the body. This has been widely studied using social disruption (SDR), a social stressor that involves repeated social defeat in subordinate mice. Exposure to SDR increases serum cytokine levels, results in accumulation of spleen CD11b myeloid cells, and primes macrophages for increased cytokine and microbicidal activity.

Prenatal stress affects placental cytokines and neurotrophins, commensal microbes, and anxiety-like behavior in adult female offspring.

Recent studies demonstrate that exposure to stress changes the composition of the intestinal microbiota, which is associated with development of stress-induced changes to social behavior, anxiety, and depression. Stress during pregnancy has also been related to the emergence of these disorders; whether commensal microbes are part of a maternal intrauterine environment during prenatal stress is not known. Here, we demonstrate that microbiome changes are manifested in the mother, and also found in female offspring in adulthood, with a correlation between stressed mothers and female offspring.

Mechanism-Based Development of a Low-Potential, Soluble, and Cyclable Multielectron Anolyte for Nonaqueous Redox Flow Batteries.

The development of nonaqueous redox flow batteries (NRFBs) has been impeded by a lack of electroactive compounds (anolytes and catholytes) with the necessary combination of (1) redox potentials that exceed the potential limits of water, (2) high solubility in nonaqueous media, and (3) high stability toward electrochemical cycling. In addition, ideal materials would maintain all three of these properties over multiple electron transfer events, thereby providing a proportional increase in storage capacity. This paper describes the mechanism-based design of a new class of metal-coordination complexes (MCCs) as anolytes for NRFBs.

The prebiotics 3'Sialyllactose and 6'Sialyllactose diminish stressor-induced anxiety-like behavior and colonic microbiota alterations: Evidence for effects on the gut-brain axis.

There are extensive bidirectional interactions between the gut microbiota and the central nervous system (CNS), and studies demonstrate that stressor exposure significantly alters gut microbiota community structure. We tested whether oligosaccharides naturally found in high levels in human milk, which have been reported to impact brain development and enhance the growth of beneficial commensal microbes, would prevent stressor-induced alterations in gut microbial community composition and attenuate stressor-induced anxiety-like behavior. Mice were fed standard laboratory diet, or laboratory diet containing the human milk oligosaccharides 3'Sialyllactose (3'SL) or 6'Sialyllactose (6'SL) for 2 weeks prior to being exposed to either a social disruption stressor or a non-stressed control condition.