Calcium Intake and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Conflicting evidence exists regarding potential cardiovascular risks associated with high levels of calcium intake.

Purpose: To update and reanalyze 2 systematic reviews to examine the effects of calcium intake on cardiovascular disease (CVD) among generally healthy adults.

Data Sources: MEDLINE; Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials; Scopus, including EMBASE; and previous evidence reports from English-language publications from 1966 to July 2016.