Nanofiberous facemasks as protectives against pandemic respiratory viruses.

Introduction: Wearing protective face masks and respirators has been a necessity to reduce the transmission rate of respiratory viruses since the outbreak of the coronavirus (COVID-19) disease. Nevertheless, the outbreak has revealed the need to develop efficient air filter materials and innovative anti-microbial protectives. Nanofibrous facemasks, either loaded with antiviral nanoparticles or not, are very promising personal protective equipment (PPE) against pandemic respiratory viruses.

Silver nanoparticles formulation of L. phenolic extract potentiates cytotoxicity through apoptosis with molecular docking study as Bcl-2 inhibitors.

Crude or semi-purified extracts of plants can play a significant role as antitumor agents. They were used as stabilizing and reducing agents in the preparation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) that allows these particles to have more efficient cytotoxic activity. In the current study, the extract of L.

Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles/Polyacrylonitrile Nanofibers as Impervious Barrier against Viral Infections.

Background: Using face masks is one of the protective measures to reduce the transmission rate of coronavirus. Its massive spread necessitates developing safe and effective antiviral masks (filters) applying nanotechnology.

Methods: Novel electrospun composites were fabricated by incorporating cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO NPs) into polyacrylonitrile (PAN) electrospun nanofibers that can be used in the future in face masks.

Size-optimized simvastatin-loaded TPGS modified lipid nanocapsules for targeting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in hepatocellular carcinoma: Role of PTEN/AKT signaling.

Objectives: Novel D-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) modified lipid nanocapsules (LNC) were prepared with the aim of improving the effectiveness of simvastatin (SIM) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The present study, therefore, sought to investigate the effect of size-optimized SIM-loaded LNC on epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in HCC, providing insights on the implication of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)/protein kinase B (AKT) axis.

Methods: Two optimized SIM-loaded LNCs with particle sizes 25 nm (SIM-LNC25) and 50 nm (SIM-LNC50) were prepared and biodistribution studies were performed.

Development, Optimization, and In Vitro/In Vivo Evaluation of Azelaic Acid Transethosomal Gel for Antidermatophyte Activity.

Treatment of dermatophytosis is quite challenging. This work aims to investigate the antidermatophyte action of Azelaic acid (AzA) and evaluate its efficacy upon entrapment into transethosomes (TEs) and incorporation into a gel to enhance its application. Optimization of formulation variables of TEs was carried out after preparation using the thin film hydration technique.

Fabrication and characterization of anti-rosacea 3D nanofibrous customized sheet masks as a novel scaffold for repurposed use of spironolactone with pre-clinical studies.

The repurposed oral use of spironolactone (SP) as an anti-rosacea drug faces many challenges that hinder its efficacy and compliance. In this study, a topically applied nanofibers (NFs) scaffold was evaluated as a promising nanocarrier that enhances SP activity and avoids the friction routine that exaggerates rosacea patients' inflamed, sensitive skin. SP-loaded poly-vinylpyrrolidone (40% PVP) nanofibers (SP-PVP NFs) were electrospun.

Characterization, antibacterial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities of green synthesized silver nanoparticles using A. G. Mill and J. A. Nyberg extract.

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder that exhibited great expansion all over the world. It is becoming an epidemic disease adding a major burden to the health care system, particularly in developing countries.

Methods: The plant under investigation in the current study A.

Exploring the potential of intranasally administered naturally occurring quercetin loaded into polymeric nanocapsules as a novel platform for the treatment of anxiety.

Anxiety is one of the most prevalent forms of psychopathology that affects millions worldwide. It gained more importance under the pandemic status that resulted in higher anxiety prevalence. Anxiolytic drugs such as benzodiazepines have an unfavorable risk/benefit ratio resulting in a shift toward active ingredients with better safety profile such as the naturally occurring quercetin (QRC).

Comparative Cytotoxic Evaluation of Root and Aerial Parts of Different Extracts and Their Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles on Lung A549 and Prostate PC-3 Cancer Cell Lines.

The current work demonstrates a comparative study between aerial and root parts of L. The total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid content (TFC), in addition to the antioxidant activity, of the crude extracts were investigated, where the aerial parts revealed a higher value overall. By means of UV-VIS and HPLC, rutin and caffeic acid were detected and then quantified as 5.

Comparative Estimation of the Cytotoxic Activity of Different Parts of L.: Crude Extracts versus Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles with Apoptotic Investigation.

Different parts of L. and their green synthesized eco-friendly silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were screened for their cytotoxicity and apoptotic activity. Results showed that flower extract AgNPs exhibited more potent cytotoxicity compared to the normal form against PC-3 and A549 cell lines with IC values of 2.

Silver Nanoparticles Formulation of Flower Head's Polyphenols of L.: A Promising Candidate against Prostate (PC-3) Cancer Cell Line through Apoptosis Activation.

L. (Family: Compositae) or artichoke is a nutritious edible plant widely used for its hepatoprotective effect. Crude extracts of flower, bract, and stem were prepared and evaluated for their in vitro antioxidant activity and phenolic content.

Lipid based nanoparticles as a novel treatment modality for hepatocellular carcinoma: a comprehensive review on targeting and recent advances.

Liver cancer is considered one of the deadliest diseases with one of the highest disease burdens worldwide. Among the different types of liver cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma is considered to be the most common type. Multiple conventional approaches are being used in treating hepatocellular carcinoma.

Green Synthesized Honokiol Transfersomes Relieve the Immunosuppressive and Stem-Like Cell Characteristics of the Aggressive B16F10 Melanoma.

Background: Honokiol (HK) is a natural bioactive compound with proven antineoplastic properties against melanoma. However, it shows very low bioavailability when administered orally. Alternatively, topical administration may offer a promising route.

Design, Synthesis, Anticancer Activity, and Solid Lipid Nanoparticle Formulation of Indole- and Benzimidazole-Based Compounds as Pro-Apoptotic Agents Targeting Bcl-2 Protein.

Cancer is a multifactorial disease necessitating identification of novel targets for its treatment. Inhibition of Bcl-2 for triggered pro-apoptotic signaling is considered a promising strategy for cancer treatment. Within the current work, we aimed to design and synthesize a new series of benzimidazole- and indole-based derivatives as inhibitors of Bcl-2 protein.

Celecoxib Loaded In-Situ Provesicular Powder and Its In-Vitro Cytotoxic Effect for Cancer Therapy: Fabrication, Characterization, Optimization and Pharmacokinetic Evaluation.

Introduction: Several recent studies have shown that the role of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) in carcinogenesis has become more evident. It affects angiogenesis, apoptosis, and invasion, and plays a key role in the production of carcinogens. It has also been reported that COX-2 inhibitors such as celecoxib (CLX) might play an effective role in preventing cancer formation and progression.

Use of low-dose naltrexone in the management of chronic pain conditions: A systematic review.

Background: The authors aimed to evaluate the efficacy of low-dose naltrexone in the management of chronic pain conditions and determine its potential use in orofacial pain management.

Methods: A comprehensive literature review was completed in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Cumulated Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Dentistry and Oral Sciences Source Library databases up through June 17, 2019, using terms such as neurogenic, inflammation, naltrexone, temporomandibular, and chronic pain. The primary outcome was reduction in pain intensity and, secondarily, improvement in quality of life.

Quality by Design for the Development and Analysis of Enhanced In-Situ Forming Vesicles for the Improvement of the Bioavailability of Fexofenadine HCl in Vitro and in Vivo.

Drug absorption from the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is one of the major problems affecting the bioavailability of orally absorbed drugs. This work aims to enhance Fexofenadine HCl oral bioavailability in vivo, the drug used for allergic rhinitis. In this study, novel spray-dried lactose-based enhanced in situ forming vesicles were prepared using different absorption enhancer by the slurry method.

Trazodone Loaded Lipid Core Poly (ε-caprolactone) Nanocapsules: Development, Characterization and in Vivo Antidepressant Effect Evaluation.

Trazodone hydrochloride (TRH) is a lipophilic drug which is used effectively as an antidepressant. Its poor solubility and short half-life represent an obstacle for its successful use. Nanocapsules with biodegradable polymeric shell are successful drug delivery systems for controlling the release of drugs.

Preparation and Evaluation of Carbamazepine Solid Lipid Nanoparticle for Alleviating Seizure Activity in Pentylenetetrazole-Kindled Mice.

The study aimed to prepare carbamazepine in solid lipid nanoparticle form (CBZ-SLN) in order to enhance its anticonvulsant effect. Eight formulations of CBZ-SLNs were prepared by homogenization and ultra-sonication techniques. The prepared CBZ-SLN showed a high entrapment efficiency% (39.

Design, Optimization and Characterization of a Transfersomal Gel Using Miconazole Nitrate for the Treatment of Candida Skin Infections.

Miconazole nitrate (MIC) is an antifungal drug used for treatment of superficial fungal infections. However, it has low skin permeability. Hence, the objective of this study was to prepare miconazole nitrate using Transfersomes to overcome the barrier function of the skin.

Trendelenburg position: a tool to screen for the presence of a low CSF pressure syndrome in daily headache patients.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that the Trendelenburg position is an accurate screening investigation for the presence of a low cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure syndrome in patients with daily headache.

Background: The Trendelenburg position causes a rapid increase in intracranial CSF pressure. In a patient with a known CSF leak who overtime had less improvement in the supine position, being placed in Trendelenburg rapidly alleviated her daily headache.

Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose significantly lowers blood cholesterol in mildly hypercholesterolemic human subjects.

Objective: To determine the cholesterol-lowering efficacy of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) in mildly hypercholesterolemic humans.

Subjects: Trial one: entry mean (range) total serum cholesterol values of eight female and four male subjects were 6.48 (5.

Stimulation of the occipital nerve for the treatment of migraine: current state and future prospects.

Migraine is a common disabling malady. Despite the development of therapeutic agents such as the triptans, a significant number of patients continue to suffer. The evolution of peripheral nerve stimulation for headache management, may significantly improve the management of those who suffer from moderate to refractory migraine symptoms.

Elevation of CSF tumor necrosis factor alpha levels in new daily persistent headache and treatment refractory chronic migraine.

Objective: To determine if patients with new daily persistent headache (NDPH) have elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) in the CSF.

Background: NDPH is considered one of the most treatment resistant of all headache syndromes. This reflects a lack of understanding of its pathogenesis.

Efficacy of intravenous diphenhydramine versus intravenous DHE-45 in the treatment of severe migraine headache.

This study was conducted to compare the efficacy of intravenous diphenhydramine with dihydroergotamine mesylate (DHE-45; Novartis International AG, Switzerland) in the treatment of severe, refractory, migraine headache. A retrospective review was conducted to include eighty randomly chosen patients who were admitted to the Michigan Head Pain & Neurological Institute's inpatient program at Chelsea Community Hospital. Patients had received nine doses of diphenhydramine or nine doses of DHE-45 during a 3-day period.