Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Compared With Hepatobiliary Agent MRI for Differentiation of Focal Nodular Hyperplasia and Hepatic Adenoma: A Prospective Trial.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be time-consuming, expensive, or poorly tolerated by patients with liver lesions. This is a prospective clinical trial designed to evaluate if contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) can be used to differentiate focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) from hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) with similar accuracy compared with hepatobiliary agent MRI.Institutional review board approval was obtained (1805450097), and the trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.

Multiparametric MRI Scoring System of the Pancreas for the Diagnosis of Chronic Pancreatitis.

Background: Ductal features alone may not offer high diagnostic sensitivity or most accurate disease severity of chronic pancreatitis (CP).

Purpose: Diagnose CP based on multiparametric MRI and MRCP features.

Study Type: Prospective.

Comparing Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen-Positron Emission Tomography for Prediction of Extraprostatic Extension of Prostate Cancer and Surgical Guidance: A Prospective Nonrandomized Clinical Trial.

Purpose: Survivors of surgically managed prostate cancer may experience urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction. Our aim was to determine if Ga-prostate-specific membrane antigen-11 positron emission tomography CT (PSMA-PET) in addition to multiparametric (mp) MRI scans improved surgical decision-making for nonnerve-sparing or nerve-sparing approach.

Materials And Methods: We prospectively enrolled 50 patients at risk for extraprostatic extension (EPE) who were scheduled for prostatectomy.

Assessing extra-prostatic extension for surgical guidance in prostate cancer: Comparing two PSMA-PET tracers with the standard-of-care.

Background: Incontinence and impotence occur following radical prostatectomy due to injury to nerves and sphincter muscle. Preserving nerves and muscle adjacent to prostate cancer risks positive surgical margins. Advanced imaging with MRI has improved cancer localization but limitations exist.

Inter- and intra-observer variability of computed tomography-based parenchymal- and ductal diameters in chronic pancreatitis: a multi-observer international study.

Purpose: The need for incorporation of quantitative imaging biomarkers of pancreatic parenchymal and ductal structures has been highlighted in recent proposals for new scoring systems in chronic pancreatitis (CP). To quantify inter- and intra-observer variability in CT-based measurements of ductal- and gland diameters in CP patients.

Materials And Methods: Prospectively acquired pancreatic CT examinations from 50 CP patients were reviewed by 12 radiologists and four pancreatologists from 10 institutions.

When Benign Behaves Badly: Atypical Hemangiomas on Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography.

Hemangioma is the most common benign liver tumor and is frequently encountered as an incidental finding on imaging. The classic enhancement pattern of hemangioma is diagnostic on contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), and it follows the same pattern of enhancement on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. However, there is a subset of hemangiomas that demonstrate atypical enhancement patterns on CEUS.

Magnetic resonance imaging-derived fat fraction predicts risk of malignancy in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm.

Purpose: Assess the relationship between MRI-derived pancreatic fat fraction and risk of malignancy in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN).

Methods: MRIs of patients with IPMN who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy were analyzed. IPMN with low-grade dysplasia (n = 29) were categorized as low-risk while IPMN at high risk of malignancy consisted of those with high-grade dysplasia/invasive carcinoma (n = 33).

Secretin-Enhanced MRCP: How and Why- Expert Panel Narrative Review.

Secretin-enhanced MRCP (S-MRCP) has advantages over standard MRCP for imaging of the pancreaticobiliary tree. Through the use of secretin to induce fluid production from the pancreas and leveraging of fluid-sensitive MRCP sequences, S-MRCP facilitates visualization of ductal anatomy, and the findings provide insight into pancreatic function, allowing radiologists to provide additional insight into a range of pancreatic conditions. This narrative review provides detailed information on the practical implementation of S-MRCP, including patient preparation, logistics of secretin administration, and dynamic secretin-enhanced MRCP acquisition.

Quantitative assessment of disease severity of primary sclerosing cholangitis with T1 mapping and extracellular volume imaging.

Purpose: Assess the relationship between liver T1 relaxation time and extracellular volume (ECV) fraction and the disease severity of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC).

Methods: This retrospective study included 93 patients with PSC and 66 healthy patients in the control group. T1 relaxation times were measured in the right and left lobe, as well as in the area of stricture.

Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Versus Doppler Ultrasound for Detection of Early Vascular Complications of Pancreas Grafts.

The purpose of this study is to compare conventional duplex ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for identifying vascular abnormalities in pancreas allografts in the immediate posttransplant setting. Identification of pancreas allografts at risk of failure may impact patient care because early intervention for vascular insufficiency can lead to graft salvage. Two radiologists who were blinded to patient outcomes performed a retrospective analysis of the postoperative Doppler ultrasound and CEUS images of 34 pancreas grafts from transplants performed between 2017 and 2019.

Wirsungocele: evaluation by MRCP and clinical significance.

Purpose: Wirsungocele is a rare cystic dilatation of the main pancreatic duct seen at the terminal portion of the duct of Wirsung. The purpose of our study is to evaluate the diagnostic value of MRCP in detection of Wirsungocele and the association between the MRCP-determined size of Wirsungocele and the MRCP-clinical findings of pancreatitis.

Methods: Thirty-four patients with reported 'Wirsungocele' were analyzed in the study.

Hepatic Steatosis After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Pancreatic Cancer: Incidence and Implications for Outcomes After Pancreatoduodenectomy.

Background: This study aimed to determine the incidence of new onset hepatic steatosis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer and its impact on outcomes after pancreatoduodenectomy.

Methods: Retrospective review identified patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma and underwent pancreatoduodenectomy from 2013 to 2018. Preoperative computed tomography scans were evaluated for the development of hepatic steatosis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Impact of age on the diagnostic performance of pancreatic ductal diameters in detecting chronic pancreatitis.

Purpose: In the diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis (CP), definition of main pancreatic duct (MPD) dilation is challenging due to lack of commonly accepted normal values. This study assessed the diagnostic performance of MPD diameters to detect CP including the impact of age.

Methods: 274 patients with ERCP-verified CP and 262 healthy controls were included.

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound of the transplant pancreas in the post-operative setting.

Background/objectives: Vascular thrombosis is the most common cause of early graft loss after transplantation. Routine grayscale and Doppler ultrasound frequently fail to adequately visualize vascular compromise. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound is a novel approach to identifying these complications.

Differentiating IgG4-related sclerosing cholangiopathy from cholangiocarcinoma using CT and MRI: experience from a tertiary referring center.

Purpose: To compare the cross-sectional imaging findings of immunoglobulin G4-related sclerosing cholangiopathy (IgG4-SC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA).

Methods: Retrospective search of radiology and pathology databases identified 24 patients with IgG4-SC and over 500 patients with CCA from January 2009 to December 2016. Patients with no pre-treatment imaging studies available on PACS, non-contrasted imaging only, presence of mass lesions, metastatic disease or biliary stents were excluded.

Curricula for Teaching MRI Safety, and MRI and CT Contrast Safety to Residents: How Effective Are Live Lectures and Online Modules?

Purpose: The advent of the diagnostic radiology core examination and the new ACGME "milestone" evaluation system for radiology residents places new emphasis on topics in MRI and CT safety, and MRI and CT contrast agents. We evaluated whether either lecture-based teaching or online modules would improve baseline resident knowledge in these areas, and assessed which intervention was more effective.

Methods: Before didactic intervention, 2 cohorts were created from 57 radiology residents, with equal numbers and a matched level of training.

Unsuspected intraoperative finding of structural abnormalities associated with vocal fold polyps.

Objectives: To report the findings of unsuspected underlying concurrent abnormalities of the vocal fold (VF) associated with polyps.

Study Design And Setting: Retrospective chart review at tertiary teaching institution.

Subjects And Methods: Operative and clinical notes of 81 adults submitted to suspension laryngoscopy for vocal fold polyp (VFP) excision from 1998 to 2007, which had no previous report of associated structural abnormalities.

[Incidence of structural vocal fold abnormalities associated with vocal fold polyps.

Unlabelled: Phonotrauma is considered the main cause of vocal fold polyps (VFP). However, the authors believe that an underlying anatomical deviation could render the vocal folds more susceptible to such trauma.

Aim: To prove this hypothesis a retrospective chart review was carried out to correlate the surgical findings of patients with VFP.