Socioecological Determinants of Health and the Quality of Colonoscopy in Rural Alabama.

Background: Rural patients experience a higher incidence of and mortality from colorectal cancer. Ensuring high-quality screening is essential to address these disparities.

Objective: To investigate whether socioecological determinants of health are associated with colonoscopy quality in rural Alabama.

Encapsulation of the vanadium substituted Keggin polyoxometalates [α-PVWO] and [α-PVWO] in HKUST-1.

Two POM@MOF hybrid materials composed of a copper-based metal-organic framework (MOF) [Cu(CHO)(HO)] (HKUST-1) encapsulating vanadium-substituted Keggin polyoxometalates (POM), [α-PVWO] () and [α-PVWO] (), were prepared and characterized. PVW@HKUST-1 and PVW@HKUST-1 were synthesized hydrothermally by self-assembly of HKUST-1 in the presence of the preformed POMs, [α-PVWO] and [α-PVWO], respectively. The two POM@MOF composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction, TGA, BET surface area analysis and FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy.

Use of Standardized Nursing Terminologies to Capture Social Determinants of Health Data: An Integrative Review.

Addressing social determinants of health in nursing care is important for improving health outcomes and reducing health inequities. Using standardized nursing terminologies to capture this information generates sharable data that can be used to achieve these goals and create new knowledge. The purpose of this integrative review was to examine use of standardized nursing terminologies for collecting social determinants of health data in nursing research and practice.

Novel Characterization of Socioecological Determinants of Health in Rural Alabama.

Introduction: Socioecological determinants of health (SEDOHs) influence disparities in surgical outcomes. However, SEDOHs are challenging to measure, limiting our ability to address disparities. Using a validated survey (SEDOH-88), we assessed SEDOHs in three rural communities in Alabama.

Team science: A syllabus for success on big projects.

Interdisciplinary teams are on the rise as scientists attempt to address complex environmental issues. While the benefits of team science approaches are clear, researchers often struggle with its implementation, particularly for new team members. The challenges of large projects often weigh on the most vulnerable members of a team: trainees, including undergraduate students, graduate students, and post-doctoral researchers.

Organo-Functionalized Lacunary Double Cubane-Type Oxometallates: Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of [(M Cl) (V O) {((HOCH CH )(H)N(CH CH O))(HN(CH CH O) )} ] (M=Co, Zn).

Organofunctionalized tetranuclear clusters [(M Cl) (V O) {((HOCH CH )(H)N(CH CH O))(HN(CH CH O) )} ] (1, M=Co, 2: M=Zn) containing an unprecedented oxometallacyclic {M V Cl N O } (M=Co, Zn) framework have been prepared by solvothermal reactions. The new oxo-alkoxide compounds were fully characterized by spectroscopic methods, magnetic susceptibility measurement, DFT and ab initio computational methods, and complete single-crystal X-ray diffraction structure analysis. The isostructural clusters are formed of edge-sharing octahedral {VO N} and trigonal bipyramidal {MO NCl} units.

Central Executive Network and Executive Function in Patients With Alzheimer's Disease and Healthy Individuals: Meta-Analysis of Structural and Functional MRI.

Objective: The neural architecture of executive function is of interest given its utility as a transdiagnostic predictor of adaptive functioning. However, a gap exists in the meta-analytic literature assessing this relationship in neuropsychiatric populations, concordance between structural and functional architecture, and the relationship with neuropsychological assessment of executive function. Given the importance of the central executive network (CEN) in Alzheimer's disease, this population may be useful in understanding this relationship in Alzheimer's disease pathology.

Climate change anxiety and mental health: Environmental activism as buffer.

A growing body of research has documented the phenomenon of climate change anxiety (CCA), defined broadly as negative cognitive, emotional, and behavioral responses associated with concerns about climate change. A recently validated scale of CCA indicated two subscales: cognitive emotional impairment and functional impairment (Clayton & Karazsia, 2020). However, there are few empirical studies on CCA to date and little evidence regarding whether CCA is associated with psychiatric symptoms, including symptoms of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), and whether engaging in individual and collective action to address climate change could buffer such relationships.

The central executive network and executive function in healthy and persons with schizophrenia groups: a meta-analysis of structural and functional MRI.

This meta-analysis evaluated the extent to which executive function can be understood with structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging. Studies included structural in schizophrenia (k = 8; n = 241) and healthy controls (k = 12; n = 1660), and functional in schizophrenia (k = 4; n = 104) and healthy controls (k = 12; n = 712). Results revealed a positive association in the brain behavior relationship when pooled across schizophrenia and control samples for structural (pr = 0.

Scaling advantage over path-integral Monte Carlo in quantum simulation of geometrically frustrated magnets.

The promise of quantum computing lies in harnessing programmable quantum devices for practical applications such as efficient simulation of quantum materials and condensed matter systems. One important task is the simulation of geometrically frustrated magnets in which topological phenomena can emerge from competition between quantum and thermal fluctuations. Here we report on experimental observations of equilibration in such simulations, measured on up to 1440 qubits with microsecond resolution.

Feasibility and performance of a novel probe panel to detect somatic DNA copy number alterations in clinical specimens for predicting prostate cancer progression.

Background: To assess the feasibility of a novel DNA-based probe panel to detect copy number alterations (CNAs) in prostate tumor DNA and its performance for predicting clinical progression.

Methods: A probe panel was developed and optimized to measure CNAs in trace amounts of tumor DNA (2 ng) isolated from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues. Ten genes previously associated with aggressive disease were targeted.

Observation of topological phenomena in a programmable lattice of 1,800 qubits.

The work of Berezinskii, Kosterlitz and Thouless in the 1970s revealed exotic phases of matter governed by the topological properties of low-dimensional materials such as thin films of superfluids and superconductors. A hallmark of this phenomenon is the appearance and interaction of vortices and antivortices in an angular degree of freedom-typified by the classical XY model-owing to thermal fluctuations. In the two-dimensional Ising model this angular degree of freedom is absent in the classical case, but with the addition of a transverse field it can emerge from the interplay between frustration and quantum fluctuations.

Phase transitions in a programmable quantum spin glass simulator.

Understanding magnetic phases in quantum mechanical systems is one of the essential goals in condensed matter physics, and the advent of prototype quantum simulation hardware has provided new tools for experimentally probing such systems. We report on the experimental realization of a quantum simulation of interacting Ising spins on three-dimensional cubic lattices up to dimensions 8 × 8 × 8 on a D-Wave processor (D-Wave Systems, Burnaby, Canada). The ability to control and read out the state of individual spins provides direct access to several order parameters, which we used to determine the lattice's magnetic phases as well as critical disorder and one of its universal exponents.

The Effectiveness of a Family-Centered Childhood Obesity Intervention at the YMCA: A Pilot Study.

Objective: Community-based, family-centered obesity prevention/treatment initiatives have been shown to be effective in reducing body mass index (BMI) and improving healthy habits in children if implemented with high intensity and sufficient duration. Let's Go! 5-2-1-0 Program (5-2-1-0) was incorporated into family-centered, monthly physical activity classes and cooking classes over six months delivered by Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA) staff. We hypothesized that implementation of this intervention would improve 5-2-1-0 knowledge attainment, increase healthy behavior (based on 5- 2-1-0 curriculum), and improve BMI and waist circumference measurements in children.

An organo-functionalized metal-oxide cluster, [VO{(OCHCH)N(CHCHOH)}], with Anderson-like structure.

A new polyoxovanadium cluster compound, [VO{(OCHCH)N(CHCHOH)}]·0.5CHCN, was synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, FTIR and UV-vis spectroscopy, and TGA. The cluster is composed of a fully reduced cyclic {VNO} framework, which adopts an Anderson-like structure and is comprised of a ring of six edge-sharing {VON} octahedra incorporating six {(OCHCH)N(CHCHOH)} ligands.

A single untimed plasma drug concentration measurement during low-level HIV viremia predicts virologic failure.

Suboptimal untimed plasma drug levels (UDL) have been associated with lower rates of virologic suppression and the emergence of drug resistance. Our aim was to evaluate whether UDL among patients with low-level viremia (LLV) while receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) can predict subsequent virologic failure (plasma viral load ≥1000 copies/mL) and emergence of resistance. The first documented LLV episode of 328 consenting patients was analysed in terms of drug levels, viral load and resistance, which were monitored while patients were on a consistent HAART regimen.