Safety, clinical activity, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics of IMU-856, a SIRT6 modulator, in coeliac disease: a first-in-human, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1 trial.

Background: IMU-856 is an orally available and systemically acting small molecule modulator of sirtuin 6 (SIRT6), a protein that serves as a transcriptional regulator of bowel epithelium regeneration. We aimed to evaluate the safety, clinical activity, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics of IMU-856 in healthy participants and in patients with coeliac disease.

Methods: This study reports the results from a completed first-in-human, three-part, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, clinical trial of IMU-856 in healthy participants and patients with coeliac disease done in Australia and New Zealand.

Budesonide Induces Favourable Histologic and Symptomatic Recovery in Patients with Non-responsive and Refractory Coeliac Disease When Given in an Open Capsule Format.

Introduction: Non-responsive coeliac disease (NRCD), where symptoms and enteropathy persist despite a prolonged gluten-free diet (GFD), is common. Refractory coeliac disease (RCD), characterised by malabsorption and extensive enteropathy, is rare but serious. In both, treatment options are limited.

A systematic review on the complications and management of hepatic adenomas: a call for a new approach.

Hepatic adenomas are benign hepatic lesions with heterogeneous characteristics. Awareness of complications, including haemorrhage and malignant transformation, has improved alongside a concurrent rise in their detection. Monitoring and management guidelines, however, remain inconsistent.

Advanced endoscopic imaging in Barrett's oesophagus: a review on current practice.

Over the last few years, improvements in endoscopic imaging technology have enabled identification of dysplasia and early cancer in Barrett's oesophagus. New techniques should exhibit high sensitivities and specificities and have good interobserver agreement. They should also be affordable and easily applicable to the community gastroenterologist.

Current issues on safety of prokinetics in critically ill patients with feed intolerance.

Feed intolerance in the setting of critical illness should be treated promptly given its adverse impact on morbidity and mortality. The technical difficulty of postpyloric feeding tube placement and the morbidities associated with parenteral nutrition prevent these approaches being considered as first-line nutrition. Prokinetic agents are currently the mainstay of therapy for feed intolerance in the critically ill.

West meets East: preliminary results of narrow band imaging with optical magnification in the diagnosis of colorectal lesions: a multicenter Australian study using the modified Sano's classification.

Introduction: Narrow band imaging with optical magnification (NBI-Z) enables mucosal morphology to be assessed in real time by using light with narrowed band width and magnification of up to 115×.

Methods: Colorectal lesions detected were assessed with NBI-Z. Histology was predicted using the modified Sano's classification based on capillary network patterns (cn); type I: absent cn (hyperplastic polyp), type II: cn present, surrounding mucosal glands (adenoma), type IIIa: high density cn with tortuosity and lack of uniformity (intramucosal cancer) and type IIIb: nearly avascular cn (invasive cancer).

Real-time histology with the endocytoscope.

Endoscopic Imaging has progressed tremendously over the last few decades. Novel imaging technologies such as high-resolution and high-magnification white light endoscopy, narrow band imaging, optimal band imaging, autoflourescence imaging and optical coherence tomography not only aid the endoscopist in detecting malignant or pre-malignant lesions but also assist in predicting histology. Recently, the introduction of Endocytoscopy (EC) and Confocal Endomicroscopy has taken us into a new realm of diagnostic endoscopy.