Successful Endoscopic Management of Complete Tracheal Occlusion in a Child.

Prolonged mechanical ventilation following cardiopulmonary and neurological events oftentimes necessitates a tracheostomy and tracheal granulation is one of its most common late complications. The literature recommends that large granulation be managed through surgical excision or endoluminal techniques. A 6-year-old boy presented with high-grade tracheal stenosis secondary to endotracheal cuff-related injury and prolonged tracheostomy.

Understanding Childhood Constipation through the Prism of the Caretaker.

Aims: Childhood constipation is presenting with increasing frequency at pediatric surgical clinics. The caregiver's role in prevention and management is pivotal. This study aimed at determining mothers' knowledge, attitudes, and practices with regard to childhood constipation and the association of these with demographic variables.

Role of Nuclear Factor-Kappa B Activation and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Critically Ill Children.

Mortality prediction is important for cautious monitoring and optimal management of critically ill children. The serum cytokine levels are elevated early in critical illness before the physiological parameters are deranged. This cross-sectional descriptive study included the critically ill children admitted in intensive care unit.

Nuclear Mitochondrial Disorder Due to a Variant in NAXE in Two Unrelated Indian Children.

Progressive encephalopathy with brain edema and/or leukoencephalopathy type 1 (PEBEL1) is a nuclear mitochondrial disorder involving the NAD(P)HX repair mechanism due to a NAXE variation. PEBEL1 is characterized by rapid neurologic deterioration culminating in death following high-grade fever during infancy. Currently, 23 patients from 14 families are described in the literature, with only three survivors.

Smokeless Tobacco Exposure and Fetal Iron Status: An Analytical Study.

Objectives: To compare the cord serum ferritin and fetal iron status in newborns with and without maternal occupational smokeless tobacco exposure and determine the influencing factors.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included mother-infant dyads with occupational tobacco exposure (exposed) and an unexposed group. Umbilical cord serum ferritin was compared in both groups.

Electrocardiometry for Hemodynamic Categorization and Assessment of Fluid Responsiveness in Pediatric Septic Shock: A Pilot Observational Study.

Aim: To evaluate the utility of noninvasive electrocardiometry (ICON®) for hemodynamic categorization and assessment of fluid responsiveness in pediatric septic shock.

Materials And Methods: Pilot prospective observational study in a 12-bedded tertiary pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) in children aged between 2 months and 16 years with unresolved septic shock after a 20 mL/kg fluid bolus. Those with cardiac index (CI) <3.

Maternal Occupational Tobacco Exposure and Newborn Umbilical Cord Serum Leptin Concentration.

Objective: To assess the effect of maternal occupational tobacco handling (bidi rolling) on cord serum leptin levels.

Methods: We enrolled 64 neonates born to women who were bidi-rollers, and 64 small for gestational age (SGA) neonates and 57 term appropriate for gestational age (AGA) neonates born to mothers with no tobacco exposure. Cord blood leptin levels between the groups were compared.

Focal Dermal Hypoplasia with a Mutation p.E300* of Gene in a Male Infant.

Focal dermal hypoplasia is a rare disorder inherited in an X-linked dominant pattern and is usually antenatally lethal in males. We report a surviving male with postzygotic mutation p.E300* in exon 10 of gene with mosaicism, earlier reported in a female of Thai origin.