Associations of Clinical Characteristics With Sudden Cardiac Arrest in People With Type 2 Diabetes With and Without Cardiovascular Disease: A Longitudinal Case-Control Study Using Routine Primary Care Data.

Objective: To assess longitudinal associations with sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) of clinical characteristics recorded in primary care in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D), both with and without cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Research Design And Methods: We performed a case-control study, with SCA case subjects with T2D from the Amsterdam Resuscitation Studies (ARREST) registry of out-of-hospital resuscitation attempts in the Dutch Noord-Holland region (2010-2020) and up to five matched (age, sex, T2D, general practitioner [GP] practice) non-SCA control subjects. We collected relevant clinical measurements, medication use, and medical history from GPs' electronic health care records.

A deprescribing programme aimed to optimise blood glucose-lowering medication in older people with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the OMED2-study: the study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) have an increased risk of hypoglycaemic episodes when using sulphonylureas or insulin. In the Netherlands, guidelines exist for reducing glucose-lowering medication in older patients. However, evidence is lacking that a medication reduction in older patients can be safely pursued.

Challenges and lessons learned from a long-term postauthorisation safety study programme of rivaroxaban in Europe.

Objectives: To describe opportunities and challenges experienced from the four pharmacoepidemiological database studies included in the rivaroxaban post authorisation safety study (PASS) programme and propose ways to maximise the value of population-based observational research when addressing regulatory requirements.

Design: PASS programme of rivaroxaban carried out as part of the regulatory postapproval commitment to the European Medicines Agency.

Setting: Clinical practice in Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden and the UK (electronic health records)-undertaken by pharmacoepidemiology research teams using country-specific databases with different coding structures.

The yield of routine laboratory examination in osteoporosis evaluation in primary care.

Unlabelled: This study evaluated the yield of routine laboratory examination in a large population of older women in primary care. The prevalence of laboratory abnormalities was low and the clinical consequences in follow-up were limited. There was a weak association of laboratory abnormalities with osteoporosis but no association with vertebral fractures and recent fractures.

Risk of cardiovascular events after an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: results from the EXACOS-CV cohort study using the PHARMO Data Network in the Netherlands.

Background: People living with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have an increased risk of experiencing cardiovascular (CV) events, particularly after an exacerbation. Such CV burden is not yet known for incident COPD patients. We examined the risk of severe CV events in incident COPD patients in periods following either moderate and/or severe exacerbations.

The role of plasma concentrations and drug characteristics of beta-blockers in fall risk of older persons.

Beta-blocker usage is inconsistently associated with increased fall risk in the literature. However, due to age-related changes and interindividual heterogeneity in pharmacokinetics and dynamics, it is difficult to predict which older adults are more at risk for falls. Therefore, we wanted to explore whether elevated plasma concentrations of selective and nonselective beta-blockers are associated with an increased risk of falls in older beta-blocker users.

Previous fracture and subsequent fracture risk: a meta-analysis to update FRAX.

Unlabelled: A large international meta-analysis using primary data from 64 cohorts has quantified the increased risk of fracture associated with a previous history of fracture for future use in FRAX.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to quantify the fracture risk associated with a prior fracture on an international basis and to explore the relationship of this risk with age, sex, time since baseline and bone mineral density (BMD).

Methods: We studied 665,971 men and 1,438,535 women from 64 cohorts in 32 countries followed for a total of 19.

Identification of frailty in primary care: accuracy of electronically derived measures.

Background: Routinely collected clinical data based on electronic medical records could be used to define frailty.

Aim: To estimate the ability of four potential frailty measures that use electronic medical record data to identify older patients who were frail according to their GP.

Design And Setting: This retrospective cohort study used data from 36 GP practices in the Dutch PHARMO Data Network.

GPs' awareness of pregnancy: trends and association with hazardous medication use.

Background: GPs have been shown to be important providers of medical care during pregnancy, however, little evidence exists on their awareness of pregnancy when prescribing medication to women.

Aim: To assess GPs' awareness of pregnancy and its association with prescribing medication with potential safety risks.

Design And Setting: Population-based study using confirmed pregnancy records linked to GP records from the PHARMO Perinatal Research Network.

Impact of 2018 EU Risk Minimisation Measures and Revised Pregnancy Prevention Programme on Utilisation and Prescribing Trends of Medicinal Products Containing Valproate: An Interrupted Time Series Study.

Introduction: Due to established teratogenicity of valproates, the EU risk minimisation measures (RMMs) with a pregnancy prevention programme (PPP) for valproate were updated in March 2018.

Objectives: To investigate the effectiveness of the 2018 EU RMMs on valproate utilisation in five European countries/regions.

Methods: A multi-database, times series study of females of childbearing potential (12-55 years) was conducted using electronic medical records from five countries/regions (01.

Safety and effectiveness of rivaroxaban for prevention of stroke in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: analysis of routine clinical data from four countries.

Background: The safety and effectiveness of rivaroxaban versus vitamin K antagonists (standard of care [SOC]) for stroke prevention in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) was evaluated in Europe.

Research Design And Methods: Observational studies were conducted in the UK, the Netherlands, Germany, and Sweden. Primary safety outcomes were hospitalization for intracranial hemorrhage, gastrointestinal bleeding, or urogenital bleeding among new users of rivaroxaban and SOC with NVAF; outcomes were analyzed using cohort (rivaroxaban or SOC use) and nested case-control designs (current vs nonuse).

Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccines in Adults with Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review.

Persons with diabetes mellitus may have an increased risk of severe illness or death from COVID-19 compared to persons without diabetes. Prior studies indicate that immune response and thus vaccine effectiveness might be lower in persons with diabetes. We aimed to systematically review the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in adults with diabetes.

Are higher antidepressant plasma concentrations associated with fall risk in older antidepressant users?

Purpose: Antidepressants are well-established fall-risk increasing drugs (FRIDs) and therefore falls should be considered an important adverse drug event (ADE) of antidepressants. However, not all antidepressant users experience fall incidents and factors associated with increased fall risk among antidepressant users are incompletely understood. Our objective was to explore whether antidepressant plasma concentrations are associated with falls in older antidepressant users.

Completeness and Representativeness of the PHARMO General Practitioner (GP) Data: A Comparison with National Statistics.

Purpose: When using incomplete or non-representative real-world data (RWD), bias is more likely to occur. The aim of the current study was to assess the completeness and representativeness of the PHARMO GP data for the Dutch population.

Patients And Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed.

Myocarditis and pericarditis associated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccines: A population-based descriptive cohort and a nested self-controlled risk interval study using electronic health care data from four European countries.

Estimates of the association between COVID-19 vaccines and myo-/pericarditis risk vary widely across studies due to scarcity of events, especially in age- and sex-stratified analyses. Population-based cohort study with nested self-controlled risk interval (SCRI) using healthcare data from five European databases. Individuals were followed from 01/01/2020 until end of data availability (31/12/2021 latest).

The DIAbetes MANagement and Treatment (DIAMANT) Cohort.

Introduction: The increasing number of people with diabetes and the unclear long-term safety and effectiveness of newer and older blood-glucose-lowering treatments emphasize the need for more pharmaco-epidemiological studies in this field. A prospective, regularly updated cohort of people with diabetes would provide quick and up-to-date information regarding prevalence, treatment, safety and effectiveness. The current aim was to describe the design of the DIAbetes MANagement and Treatment (DIAMANT) cohort.

Social impact projections for Qatar youth residents from 2022: The case of the IAAF 2019.

While sport is playing an increasingly important role in society in the Middle East, there has been limited research on the perceived social impact of the hosting of major international events in this region. This study evaluates the main factors affecting youth residents' perceptions of hosting major international sport events, by measuring the psychic income in particular, generated within subgroups shaping their support toward hosting these events. Psychic income refers to the emotional and psychological benefit residents perceive they receive from hosting an international sport event.

The Association Between the Kyphosis Angle and Physical Performance in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Background: We investigated prospectively among community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years and older whether a larger kyphosis angle is associated with poorer physical performance (balance, muscle strength, or both), and whether this association is unidirectional.

Methods: Male and female participants performed a multicomponent physical performance test with subscores for gait, muscle strength, and balance at baseline and after 2 years. Hand grip strength was also measured at baseline and at follow-up.

Update of the fracture risk prediction tool FRAX: a systematic review of potential cohorts and analysis plan.

Unlabelled: We describe the collection of cohorts together with the analysis plan for an update of the fracture risk prediction tool FRAX with respect to current and novel risk factors. The resource comprises 2,138,428 participants with a follow-up of approximately 20 million person-years and 116,117 documented incident major osteoporotic fractures.

Introduction: The availability of the fracture risk assessment tool FRAX® has substantially enhanced the targeting of treatment to those at high risk of fracture with FRAX now incorporated into more than 100 clinical osteoporosis guidelines worldwide.

Biological effect and chemical monitoring of Watch List substances in European surface waters: Steroidal estrogens and diclofenac - Effect-based methods for monitoring frameworks.

Three steroidal estrogens, 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2), 17β-estradiol (E2), estrone (E1), and the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), diclofenac have been included in the first Watch List of the Water Framework Directive (WFD, EU Directive 2000/60/EC, EU Implementing Decision 2015/495). This triggered the need for more EU-wide surface water monitoring data on these micropollutants, before they can be considered for inclusion in the list of priority substances regularly monitored in aquatic ecosystems. The revision of the priority substance list of the WFD offers the opportunity to incorporate more holistic bioanalytical approaches, such as effect-based monitoring, alongside single substance chemical monitoring.