Health-related quality of life among extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients and inequalities by disease manifestations: a longitudinal study analysing the impact of TB treatment.

Background: To understand the impact of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) and its treatment on quality of life, we analysed patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) among presumptive ETPB patients.

Methods: EuroQol's five-dimensional three-level (EQ-5D-3L) questionnaire and the Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-VAS) were used to measure PROMs by 274 presumptive EPTB patients at pre- and post-treatment stages. The patients were categorised as TB and non-TB by using a composite reference standard.

Perspectives of colon-specific drug delivery in the management of morning symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic condition that is characterized by joint pain and inflammation. It is an autoimmune disorder in which the body tissues are erroneously attacked by the immune system of the host itself. It has been evident that rheumatoid arthritis symptoms follow a 24 h circadian rhythm and exhibit high thresholds of pain, functional disability, and stiffness predominantly early in the morning.

Ophthalmic Complications in Maxillofacial Trauma: A Prospective Study.

Objectives: To determine the incidence and types of ophthalmic complications associated with maxillofacial trauma over a period of 24 months.

Methods: An institutional prospective study was conducted on 62 patients presenting with maxillofacial trauma to study the correlation between facial trauma and ophthalmic complications.

Results: Road traffic accidents were reported to be the primary etiologic factor for most trauma cases studied.

Rugae patterns as an adjunct to sex differentiation in forensic identification.

The aim of the study was to identify the different patterns of palatal rugae and gender differences in rugae pattern in Maharashtra population thereby highlighting the importance of palatal rugae in establishing person's identity. The 600 dental casts of age 18 years and above were included in the study. The rugae were delineated using a sharp graphite pencil under adequate light and magnification and information was recorded about shape, number, size and direction of the palatal rugae.

Pattern of steroid misuse in vernal keratoconjunctivitis resulting in steroid induced glaucoma and visual disability in Indian rural population: An important public health problem in pediatric age group.

Purpose: To know the pattern of presentations and management outcome of steroid induced glaucoma in vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC).

Methods: Children of VKC using steroid with two of the following criteria were enrolled: Intraocular pressure (IOP) >21 mm Hg, glaucomatous optic disc and visual field defects. Misused topical steroids were classified in 4 groups; A- Highly potent drugs (dexamethasone, betamethasone), B- Moderate (prednisolone), C- Weak (loteprednol, fluorometholone), D- Unknown drugs.

Severe Hyponatremia as an Uncommon Presenting Feature of Pituitary Macroadenoma.

Hyponatremia is a common electrolyte disturbance, but less commonly utilized and require a thorough evaluation to unmask etiology. It has variety of causes and is rarely due to hypopituitarism. Hyponatremia is a very early complication of pituitary tumor.

Dengue Fever as a Rare Cause of Acute Pancreatitis.

Dengue is an arthropod borne viral infection endemic in tropical and subtropical climate. Here we report an unusual presentation of Dengue fever as acute pancreatitis. Timely recognition of such atypical complication can reduce the morbidity and mortality.

Socio-economical and Clinico-Radiological Profile of 474 MDR TB Cases of a Rural Medical College.

Objective: To study the socio economical and clinico radiological profile of 474 diagnosed MDR TB cases who came for the initiation of MDR TB regimen in DRTB center of R.D.Gardi Medical college, Ujjain.

Molecular characterization of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli pathotypes: Association of virulent genes, serogroups, and antibiotic resistance among moderate-to-severe diarrhea patients.

Background: Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) signifies as an important etiological agent of moderate-to-severe diarrhea. This study was primarily focused on molecular identification of DEC pathotypes; their association with serogroups and estimates of resistance profiles against different antibiotics regime.

Methods: Five hundred seventy-two stool specimens from diarrhea patients were investigated for DEC pathotypes.

Predominance of unusual rotavirus G1P[6] strain in North India: An evidence from hospitalized children and adult diarrheal patients.

Group A Rotavirus remains the leading cause of gastroenteritis in children and accounts for 0.2 million fatalities each year; out of which, approximately 47,100 deaths occur in India. In adults also, rotavirus is reported to be responsible for diarrhea severe enough to require hospitalizations.

Molecular Analysis of VP7 Gene of Rotavirus G1 Strains Isolated from North India.

Rotavirus G1 strains are the predominant cause of diarrhoea in children. Universally common rotavirus vaccines (Rotarix and RotaTeq) include G1 as the immunological component. India has recently introduced rotavirus vaccine in Universal Immunization Programme.

Prevalence of rotavirus, norovirus and enterovirus in diarrheal diseases in Himachal Pradesh, India.

Diarrheal diseases are responsible for a significant proportion of mortality and morbidity all around the globe. The contribution of viruses to gastroenteritis incidences in humans is well established. In the present study, we have studied the prevalence of rotavirus, norovirus and enterovirus in Himachal Pradesh, a north Indian state.

Oral Health Related Quality of Life in Patients of Head and Neck Cancer Attending Cancer Hospital of Bhopal City, India.

Background: To assess the oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) of head and neck cancer patients and to find association between QoL, demographic and disease variables.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 153 patients diagnosed and being treated for head and neck cancer in Jawaharlal Nehru Cancer Hospital, India. Data collected from the survey included demographic details and OHRQoL, which was measured by European Organization of Research for Treatment of Cancer QoL questionnaire head & neck-35.

Prevalence of Spaced and Non-Spaced Dentition and Occlusal Relationship of Primary Dentition and its Relation to Malocclusion in School Children of Davangere.

Background: The aim of the current study was carried to determine the relation of spacing, closed dentition, and occlusal relation with malocclusion in the primary dentition in children during deciduous dentition period among school children of Davangere.

Materials And Methods: A total of 945 school children all having deciduous teeth were included in the study. Informed consent for the child's participation is taken from the school principal.

Total Salivary Anti-oxidant Levels, Dental Development and Oral Health Status in Childhood Obesity.

Background: The objectives of this study were to assess the total antioxidant levels, dental development, and oral health status in childhood obesity.

Materials And Methods: A total of 120 children aged 6-12 years consisting of both genders from different school along Coastal Karnataka, India were part of the study and were categorized into obese/overweight, and normal children based on body mass index for age and sex. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels determined by phosphomolybidic acid and spectrophotometric method were considered.

Rotaviruses: is their surveillance needed?

Rotaviruses, a major cause of gastroenteritis in children worldwide accounts for around 0.5 million deaths annually. Owing to their segmented genome and frequently evolving capability, these display a wide variation in their genotypes.

Comparison of different caries diagnostic thresholds under epidemiological and clinical settings among 7-15 year old school children from Bangalore city.

Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the different caries diagnostic thresholds under epidemiological and clinical settings among 7-15 year old school children.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken among 7-15 years old school children of Bangalore city. Total 738 children were enrolled in the study.

Application of photochemical technologies for treatment of landfill leachate.

Because of widely varying practices in solid waste management, an all-inclusive solution to long-term management of landfill leachate is currently not available. There is a major technological need for sustainable, economical options for safe discharge of leachate to the environment. Two potential on-site pretreatment technologies, photochemical iron-mediated aeration (PIMA) and TiO(2) photocatalysis were compared for treatment of landfill leachate at laboratory scale.

Protein structure prediction aided by geometrical and probabilistic constraints.

Database-assisted ab initio protein structure prediction methods have exhibited considerable promise in the recent past, with several implementations being successful in community-wide experiments (CASP). We have employed combinatorial optimization techniques toward solving the protein structure prediction problem. A Monte Carlo minimization algorithm has been employed on a constrained search space to identify minimum energy configurations.