Current trends in development and manufacturing of higher-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine and its challenges.

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) have been developed to protect against pneumococcal diseases caused by the more than 100 serotypes of the bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae. PCVs primarily prevent pneumococcal infections such as sepsis, bacteraemia, meningitis, otitis media, pneumonia, septicaemia, and sinusitis among infants, adults, elderly, and immunocompromised individuals. The current available PCVs only cover a limited number of serotypes, and there is an immense need for developing higher-valent PCVs that can protect against non-vaccine serotypes to overcome challenges like serotype replacement and antibiotic resistance.

Virstatin-Conjugated Gold Nanoparticle with Enhanced Antimicrobial Activity against the El Tor Biotype.

Because of the emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogenic bacteria, there is a growing interest for the development of an efficient alternative to antibiotics. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are promising candidates due to their inherent non-toxicity and can be used as effective carriers of drugs. Cholera caused by Gram-negative is still a potential threat in many developing countries.

Sensing of Zn²⁺ ion by N-furfurylsalicylaldimine based on CHEF process.

The recognition ability of N-Furfurylsalicylaldimine (HL) toward various cations (Pb(2+), Hg(2+), Ba(2+), Cd(2+), Ag(+), Zn(2+), Cu(2+), Ni(2+), Co(2+), K(+), Sr(2+), and Na(+)) has been studied by UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. The compound showed highly selective fluorescence signaling behaviour for Zn(2+) ions in methanol-water medium based on CHEF process and is capable of distinguishing Zn(2+) from Cd(2+) ion. From single crystal X-ray analysis it is revealed that a Zn(2+) ion binds two ligand molecules through imine nitrogen and phenolate oxygen atom.

Successful pregnancy outcome in a woman with untreated ectopia vesicae: a case report and review of literature.

We report the case of a pregnancy in a 25-year-old woman who was born with ectopia vesicae and split pelvis, but had not undergone any reconstructive or diversion surgery in childhood. Her antenatal period was uneventful and the infant was delivered by cesarean section at term due to breech presentation. The baby had no congenital anomalies.