Proteomic analysis reveals the roles of silicon in mitigating glyphosate-induced toxicity in Brassica napus L.

Glyphosate (Gly) is a widely used herbicide for weed control in agriculture, but it can also adversely affect crops by impairing growth, reducing yield, and disrupting nutrient uptake, while inducing toxicity. Therefore, adopting integrated eco-friendly approaches and understanding the mechanisms of glyphosate tolerance in plants is crucial, as these areas remain underexplored. This study provides proteome insights into Si-mediated improvement of Gly-toxicity tolerance in Brassica napus.

Effect of Reaction Parameters on CO Absorption from Biogas Using CaO Sorbent Prepared from Waste Chicken Eggshell.

This study provides an efficient and straightforward approach to eliminate carbon dioxide (CO) by absorption using a calcium oxide (CaO) sorbent derived from chicken eggshells. The sorbent concentration, stirring speed, and contact time were varied. The optimal condition for CO removal was a 10% calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)) suspension at 600 rpm with 20 min interaction.

Proteome insights of citric acid-mediated cadmium toxicity tolerance in Brassica napus L.

Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic substance that is uptake by plants from soils, Cd easily transfers into the food chain. Considering global food security, eco-friendly, cost-effective, and metal detoxification strategies are highly demandable for sustainable food crop production. The purpose of this study was to investigate how citric acid (CA) alleviates or tolerates Cd toxicity in Brassica using a proteome approach.

Label-free proteomics approach reveals candidate proteins in rice (Oryza sativa L.) important for ACC deaminase producing bacteria-mediated tolerance against salt stress.

The omics-based studies are important for identifying characteristic proteins in plants to elucidate the mechanism of ACC deaminase producing bacteria-mediated salt tolerance. This study evaluates the changes in the proteome of rice inoculated with ACC deaminase producing bacteria under salt-stress conditions. Salt stress resulted in a significant decrease in photosynthetic pigments, whereas inoculation of Methylobacterium oryzae CBMB20 had significantly increased pigment contents under normal and salt-stress conditions.

Prevalence and predicting factors of perceived stress among Bangladeshi university students using machine learning algorithms.

Background: Stress-related mental health problems are one of the most common causes of the burden in university students worldwide. Many studies have been conducted to predict the prevalence of stress among university students, however most of these analyses were predominantly performed using the basic logistic regression (LR) model. As an alternative, we used the advanced machine learning (ML) approaches for detecting significant risk factors and to predict the prevalence of stress among Bangladeshi university students.

Improved recipes provide better complementary feeding in young children: findings of community-based trials in Bangladesh.

Background: In Bangladesh, only 34% of children receive minimum acceptable diets as complementary foods (CF) for appropriate age while the rest of them remain at the risk of growth faltering, micronutrient deficiency, compromised cognitive development, and increased morbidity and mortality.

Objective: The purpose of the study was to develop nutritious recipes for complementary feeding and provide necessary guidelines for improving complementary feeding practices for doctors, nutritionist and caregivers.

Methods: This qualitative study including a baseline survey and Trials of Improved Practices of recipes (TIPs) was conducted on families having 6-23 months old children selected by Multi-stage random sampling methods from 2010 to 2012 throughout seven divisions of Bangladesh.

Proteome Changes Reveal the Protective Roles of Exogenous Citric Acid in Alleviating Cu Toxicity in L.

Citric acid (CA), as an organic chelator, plays a vital role in alleviating copper (Cu) stress-mediated oxidative damage, wherein a number of molecular mechanisms alter in plants. However, it remains largely unknown how CA regulates differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) in response to Cu stress in L. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the proteome changes in the leaves of L.

Glutathione Restores Hg-Induced Morpho-Physiological Retardations by Inducing Phytochelatin and Oxidative Defense in Alfalfa.

Mercury (Hg) is toxic to plants, but the effect of glutathione in Hg alleviation was never studied in alfalfa, an important forage crop. In this study, Hg toxicity showed morphological retardation, chlorophyll reduction, and PSII inefficiency, which was restored due to GSH supplementation in alfalfa plants treated with Hg. Results showed a significant increase of Hg, but Fe and S concentrations substantially decreased in root and shoot accompanied by the downregulation of Fe () and S ( and ) transporters in roots of Hg-toxic alfalfa.

Aetiology of nutritional rickets in rural Bangladeshi children.

Objectives: A high prevalence of rickets of unknown aetiology has been reported in Chakaria, Bangladesh. Classically, rickets is caused by vitamin D deficiency but increasing evidence from Africa and Asia points towards other nutritional deficiencies or excessive exposure to some metals. The aim of this study was to investigate the aetiology of rickets in rural Bangladeshi children.

Improving mechanical sensor performance through larger damping.

Mechanical resonances are used in a wide variety of devices, from smartphone accelerometers to computer clocks and from wireless filters to atomic force microscopes. Frequency stability, a critical performance metric, is generally assumed to be tantamount to resonance quality factor (the inverse of the linewidth and of the damping). We show that the frequency stability of resonant nanomechanical sensors can be improved by lowering the quality factor.

Proteome characterization of copper stress responses in the roots of sorghum.

Copper (Cu) is a important micronutrient for plants, but it is extremely toxic to plants at high concentration and can inactivate and disturb protein structures. To explore the Cu stress-induced tolerance mechanism, the present study was conducted on the roots of sorghum seedlings exposed to 50 and 100 µM CuSO for 5 days. Accumulation of Cu increased in roots when the seedlings were treated with the highest concentration of Cu ions (100 μM).

Policy content and stakeholder network analysis for infant and young child feeding in Bangladesh.

Background: Appropriate infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices are essential for nutrition of infants and young children. Bangladesh has one of the highest levels of malnutrition globally along with sub-optimal IYCF practices. A supportive policy environment is essential to ensure that effective IYCF interventions are scaled up.

Nano-Optomechanical Systems for Gas Chromatography.

Microgas chromatography (GC) is promising for portable chemical analysis. We demonstrate a nano-optomechanical system (NOMS) as an ultrasensitive mass detector in gas chromatography. Bare, native oxide, silicon surfaces are sensitive enough to monitor volatile organic compounds at ppm levels, while simultaneously demonstrating chemical selectivity.

Leaf proteome characterization in the context of physiological and morphological changes in response to copper stress in sorghum.

Copper (Cu) is an essential micronutrient required for normal growth and development of plants; however, at elevated concentrations in soil, copper is also generally considered to be one of the most toxic metals to plant cells due to its inhibitory effects against many physiological and biochemical processes. In spite of its potential physiological and economical significance, molecular mechanisms under Cu stress has so far been grossly overlooked in sorghum. To explore the molecular alterations that occur in response to copper stress, the present study was performed in ten-day-old Cu-exposed leaves of sorghum seedlings.

Morpho-Physiological and Proteome Level Responses to Cadmium Stress in Sorghum.

Cadmium (Cd) stress may cause serious morphological and physiological abnormalities in addition to altering the proteome in plants. The present study was performed to explore Cd-induced morpho-physiological alterations and their potential associated mechanisms in Sorghum bicolor leaves at the protein level. Ten-day-old sorghum seedlings were exposed to different concentrations (0, 100, and 150 μM) of CdCl2, and different morpho-physiological responses were recorded.

Profiling of mitochondrial proteome in wheat roots.

Mitochondria are important organelles for cellular respiration within the eukaryotic cell and have many important functions including vitamin synthesis, amino acid metabolism and photorespiration. To investigate the mitochondrial proteome of the roots of wheat seedlings, a systematic and targeted analysis were carried out on the mitochondrial proteome from 15 day-old wheat seedling root material. Mitochondria were isolated by Percoll gradient centrifugation; and extracted proteins were disassociated and analyzed by Tricine SDS-PAGE couple to LTQ-FTICR mass spectrometry.

Protein Profiling Reveals Novel Proteins in Pollen and Pistil of W22 (ga1; Ga1) in Maize.

Gametophytic factors mediate pollen-pistil interactions in maize ( L.) and play active roles in limiting gene flow among maize populations and between maize and teosinte. This study was carried out to identify proteins and investigate the mechanism of gametophytic factors using protein analysis.

Proteome analysis of roots of wheat seedlings under aluminum stress.

The root apex is considered the first sites of aluminum (Al) toxicity and the reduction in root biomass leads to poor uptake of water and nutrients. Aluminum is considered the most limiting factor for plant productivity in acidic soils. Aluminum is a light metal that makes up 7 % of the earth's scab dissolving ionic forms.

Comparisons of complementary feeding indicators and associated factors in children aged 6-23 months across five South Asian countries.

Improving infant and young child feeding practices will help South Asian countries achieve the Millennium Development Goal of reducing child mortality. This paper aims to compare key indicators of complementary feeding and their determinants in children aged 6-23 months across five South Asian countries - Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. The latest Demographic and Health Survey and National Family Health Survey India data were used.

Determinants of inappropriate complementary feeding practices in infant and young children in Bangladesh: secondary data analysis of Demographic Health Survey 2007.

Suboptimal and inappropriate complementary feeding practices are one of the major causes of child undernutrition in the first 2 years of life in South Asian countries including Bangladesh. The aim of this study was to use the newly developed World Health Organization infant feeding indicators to identify the potential risk factors associated with inappropriate complementary feeding practices. We used data for 1728 children aged 6-23 months obtained from nationally representative data from the 2007 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey to assess the association between complementary feeding and other characteristics using multivariate models.

Nutritional status, dietary intake, and relevant knowledge of adolescent girls in rural Bangladesh.

This study estimated the levels and differentials in nutritional status and dietary intake and relevant knowledge of adolescent girls in rural Bangladesh using data from the Baseline Survey 2004 of the National Nutrition Programme. A stratified two-stage random cluster-sampling was used for selecting 4,993 unmarried adolescent girls aged 13-18 years in 708 rural clusters. Female interviewers visited girls at home to record their education, occupation, dietary knowledge, seven-day food-frequency, intake of iron and folic acid, morbidity, weight, and height.

Sexually harassing behavior against adolescent girls in rural Bangladesh: implications for achieving millennium development goals.

This study examines the extent and type of sexually harassing behavior or intimidations unmarried adolescent girls experienced on their way to school, college or social visits and type of perpetrators in victims' view in rural Bangladesh using data of the 2004 National Nutrition Programme baseline survey. The survey collected self-reported data on sexual harassments of 5,106 girls aged 13-19 years selected randomly. Results reveal that gendered harassments were experienced by 35% of the girls, unwanted sexual attentions by 34%, and sexual intimidations by 14%, yielding prevalence of sexual harassments of any type 43%.

Impact of pilot project of Rural Maintenance Programme (RMP) on destitute women: CARE, Bangladesh.

Background: The rate of malnutrition among women in Bangladesh is high, but historically there has not been a specific program focusing on the improvement of the nutritional status of Bangladeshi women.

Objective: To observe changes in the nutritional status of destitute women of the Rural Maintenance Programme (RMP) by incorporating a health and nutrition intervention package with RMP ongoing activities.

Methods: An intervention study involving 1,275 poor destitute women was conducted from July 2004 to June 2005 in 17 districts in Bangladesh under two field offices, Mymensingh and Jessore, covering 8 and 9 districts, respectively.

Prevention of malnutrition among young children in rural Bangladesh by a food-health-care educational intervention: a randomized, controlled trial.

Background: As a result of inappropriate feeding, poor health and hygiene, and poor caring practices, the nutritional status of many young infants deteriorates with advancing age.

Objective: To explore the effectiveness of a nutrition education package to prevent malnutrition among young children.

Methods: A community-based, randomized, controlled trial was conducted among 605 normal and mildly malnourished children aged 6 to 9 months in 121 Community Nutrition Centers (CNCs) of the Bangladesh Integrated Nutrition Project (BINP) in four regions of Bangladesh from 2000 to 2002.