Current real-world evidence on characteristics and treatment patterns of lung cancer in the single cancer center in the Czech Republic - data from Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute registry in 2018- 2022.

Background: Lung cancer (LC) represents the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the Czech Republic. Over the past decade, there have been notable advancements in LC treatment based on findings from controlled clinical trials (CTs). However, patients enrolled in CTs may not fully represent the diversity of real-world patient populations from routine clinical practice.

Can triad forestry reconcile Europe's biodiversity and forestry strategies? A critical evaluation of forest zoning.

Balancing increasing demand for wood products while also maintaining forest biodiversity is a paramount challenge. Europe's Biodiversity and Forest Strategies for 2030 attempt to address this challenge. Together, they call for strict protection of 10% of land area, including all primary and old growth forests, increasing use of ecological forestry, and less reliance on monocultural plantations.

A multi-year study monitoring the cadmium content in the tissues of lambs and sheep sampled in the Czech Republic between 2001 and 2022.

Cadmium is one of the most important environmental contaminants. Animals grazing on natural pastures are particularly exposed to cadmium. Sheep are mostly reared in extensive and grazing systems.

No Future Growth Enhancement Expected at the Northern Edge for European Beech due to Continued Water Limitation.

With ongoing global warming, increasing water deficits promote physiological stress on forest ecosystems with negative impacts on tree growth, vitality, and survival. How individual tree species will react to increased drought stress is therefore a key research question to address for carbon accounting and the development of climate change mitigation strategies. Recent tree-ring studies have shown that trees at higher latitudes will benefit from warmer temperatures, yet this is likely highly species-dependent and less well-known for more temperate tree species.

New models for prediction of postoperative pulmonary complications in lung resection candidates.

Introduction: In recent years, ventilatory efficiency (minute ventilation (')/carbon dioxide production (' ) slope) and partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide ( ) have emerged as independent predictors of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPC). Single parameters may give only partial information regarding periprocedural hazards. Accordingly, our aim was to create prediction models with improved ability to stratify PPC risk in patients scheduled for elective lung resection surgery.

Analysis of progression of number and structure of scans performed using PET, PET/ CT and PET/ MRI in the Czech Republic in 2013- 2021.

Background: Positron emission tomography (PET) is a state-of-the-art diagnostic method of nuclear medicine, used for diagnostics of many pathological states in the organism, first and foremost in oncological issues. The first analysis of utilization and potential utilization of PET in the Czech Republic was published in 2013. In the following years, there was a sharp increase in a number of PET/CT and PET/MRI scanners in the country; in 2013-2021, it doubled.

Observation of Strong Nuclear Suppression in Exclusive J/ψ Photoproduction in Au+Au Ultraperipheral Collisions at RHIC.

We report a measurement of exclusive J/ψ and ψ(2s) photoproduction in Au+Au ultraperipheral collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200  GeV using the STAR detector. For the first time, (i) the ψ(2s) photoproduction in midrapidity at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider has been experimentally measured; (ii) nuclear suppression factors are measured for both the coherent and incoherent J/ψ production. At average photon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 25.

Bioproduced Nanoparticles Deliver Multiple Cargoes via Targeted Tumor Therapy In Vivo.

This study recognized biologically produced gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as multiple cargo carriers with a perspective of drug delivery into specialized tumor cells in vivo. Paclitaxel (PTX), transferrin, and antimiR-135b were conjugated with AuNPs and their uptake by mouse tumor cells in an induced breast cancer model was investigated. Each of the above-mentioned molecules was conjugated to the AuNPs separately as well as simultaneously, loading efficiency of each cargo was assessed, and performance of the final product (FP) was judged.

HIV-protease inhibitors potentiate the activity of carfilzomib in triple-negative breast cancer.

Background: Resistance to chemotherapy is a major problem in the treatment of patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Preclinical data suggest that TNBC is dependent on proteasomes; however, clinical observations indicate that the efficacy of proteasome inhibitors in TNBC may be limited, suggesting the need for combination therapies.

Methods: We compared bortezomib and carfilzomib and their combinations with nelfinavir and lopinavir in TNBC cell lines and primary cells with regard to their cytotoxic activity, functional proteasome inhibition, and induction of the unfolded protein response (UPR).

Aurora: a fluorescent deoxyribozyme for high-throughput screening.

Fluorescence facilitates the detection, visualization, and tracking of molecules with high sensitivity and specificity. A functional DNA molecule that generates a robust fluorescent signal would offer significant advantages for many applications compared to intrinsically fluorescent proteins, which are expensive and labor intensive to synthesize, and fluorescent RNA aptamers, which are unstable under most conditions. Here, we describe a novel deoxyriboyzme that rapidly and efficiently generates a stable fluorescent product using a readily available coumarin substrate.

The long-term effect of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor on cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescent patients with cystic fibrosis: a pilot observational study.

Background: Physical activity is a crucial demand on cystic fibrosis treatment management. The highest value of oxygen uptake (VO) is an appropriate tool to evaluate the physical activity in these patients. However, there are several other valuable CPET parameters describing exercise tolerance (W, VO, VO VO/HR, etc.

Improved Nutritional Outcomes and Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Adult Cystic Fibrosis Patients Treated with Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor.

Introduction: Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator modulator therapy improves nutritional status and quality of life. Clinical trials have shown pancreatic insufficiency conversion, mostly in pediatric patients treated with ivacaftor. Studies with elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) in older patients have not suggested restoration of exocrine pancreas function, but quality data in adults are lacking.

Accumulation and toxicity of biologically produced gold nanoparticles in different types of specialized mammalian cells.

The biologically produced gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are novel carriers with promising use in targeted tumor therapy. Still, there are no studies regarding the efficacy of nanoparticle internalization by cancer and noncancer cells. In this study, AuNPs were produced by Fusarium oxysporum and analyzed by spectrophotometry, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and Zetasizer.

Accidental salinomycin intoxication in European fallow deer ( L.).

Salinomycin, belonging to ionophore antibiotics, has been used as a feed additive for poultry for its coccidiostatic effect. Poisoning by ionophore antibiotics has been reported in cattle and other sensitive animals due to the replacement of medicated feed and/or accidental overdoses. The aim of this paper is to report the toxicity of salinomycin for fallow deer and to describe the different levels of sensitivity of cervids to this substance.

Major tree species of Central European forests differ in their proportion of positive, negative, and nonstationary growth trends.

Temperate forests are undergoing significant transformations due to the influence of climate change, including varying responses of different tree species to increasing temperature and drought severity. To comprehensively understand the full range of growth responses, representative datasets spanning extensive site and climatic gradients are essential. This study utilizes tree-ring data from 550 sites from the temperate forests of Czechia to assess growth trends of six dominant Central European tree species (European beech, Norway spruce, Scots pine, silver fir, sessile and pedunculate oak) over 1990-2014.

Serum concentrations of proinflammatory biomarker interleukin-6 (IL-6) as a predictor of postoperative complications after elective colorectal surgery.

Background: The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the role of serum IL-6 as a potential predictive biomarker of postoperative complications (POC) in elective colorectal surgery.

Method: A total of 115 patients underwent colorectal surgery for malignancy. IL-6 was measured on the first and third postoperative days (POD1, POD3), and C-reactive protein (CRP) was measured on the POD3.

RETRO-POPE: A Retrospective, Multicenter, Real-World Study of All-Cause Mortality in COPD.

Purpose: The Phenotypes of COPD in Central and Eastern Europe (POPE) study assessed the prevalence and clinical characteristics of four clinical COPD phenotypes, but not mortality. This retrospective analysis of the POPE study (RETRO-POPE) investigated the relationship between all-cause mortality and patient characteristics using two grouping methods: clinical phenotyping (as in POPE) and Burgel clustering, to better identify high-risk patients.

Patients And Methods: The two largest POPE study patient cohorts (Czech Republic and Serbia) were categorized into one of four clinical phenotypes (acute exacerbators [with/without chronic bronchitis], non-exacerbators, asthma-COPD overlap), and one of five Burgel clusters based on comorbidities, lung function, age, body mass index (BMI) and dyspnea (very severe comorbid, very severe respiratory, moderate-to-severe respiratory, moderate-to-severe comorbid/obese, and mild respiratory).

An autoencoder-based snow drought index.

In several regions across the globe, snow has a significant impact on hydrology. The amounts of water that infiltrate the ground and flow as runoff are driven by the melting of snow. Therefore, it is crucial to study the magnitude and effect of snowmelt.