Surgical management of facial dog bite trauma: A contemporary perspective and review.

Objective: To perform a review evaluating management of and complications stemming from dog bite trauma sustained to the head and neck over the past decade.

Data Sources: PubMed and Cochrane Library.

Methods: The authors searched the PubMed and Cochrane Library databases for relevant published literature.

Protecting the Airway and the Physician: Lessons from 214 Cases of Endotracheal Intubation Litigation.

Objective: Medicolegal examination of an intervention as common as endotracheal intubation may be valuable to physicians in many specialties. Our objectives were to comprehensively detail the factors raised in litigation to better educate physicians on strategies for minimizing liability and augmenting patient safety.

Methods: Publicly available court records were searched for pertinent litigation.

Petrous Apicitis: A Systematic Review and Case Presentation.

Introduction: Petrous apicitis (PA) is a rare but dangerous complication of acute otitis media. The objective of this study is to present a case of PA and systematically review the existing literature on PA to characterize clinical presentation, diagnosis, management, and outcomes in the antibiotic era.

Methods: A comprehensive search from 1983 to June 1, 2020, of PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and EmBase databases was conducted.

Assessing the Readability of Anesthesia-Related Patient Education Materials from Major Anesthesiology Organizations.

Introduction: The National Institutes of Health (NIH), American Medical Association (AMA), and the US Department of Health and Human Services (USDHHS) recommend that patient education materials (PEMs) be written between the 4th to 6th grade reading level to ensure readability by the average American. In this study, we examine the reading levels of online patient education materials from major anesthesiology organizations.

Methods: Readability analysis of PEMs found on the websites of anesthesiology organizations was performed using the Flesch Reading Ease score, Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level, Simple Measure of Gobbledygook, Gunning Frequency of Gobbledygook, New Dale-Chall test, Coleman-Liau Index, New Fog Count, Raygor Readability Estimate, the FORCAST test, and the Fry Score.

Diagnosis and Management of Barosinusitis: A Systematic Review.

Objective: To perform a systematic review to investigate the common presenting symptoms of barosinusitis, the incidence of those findings, the methods for diagnosis, as well as the medical and surgical treatment options.

Methods: A review of PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library for articles published between 1967 and 2020 was conducted with the following search term: aerosinusitis OR "sinus squeeze" OR barosinusitis OR (barotrauma AND sinusitis) OR (barotrauma AND rhinosinusitis). Twenty-seven articles encompassing 232 patients met inclusion criteria and were queried for demographics, etiology, presentation, and medical and surgical treatments.

Flipping the Classroom: An Evaluation of Teaching and Learning Strategies in the Operating Room.

Objectives: With increasing restraints on resident's experiences in the operating room, with causes ranging from decreased time available to increasing operating room costs, focus has been placed on how to improve resident's education. The objectives of our study are to (1) determine barriers in education in the operating room, (2) identify effective learning and teaching strategies for residents in the operating room with a focus on the tonsillectomy procedure.

Methods: An online survey was sent to all otolaryngology residents and residency programs for which contact information was available from January 2016 to March 2016 with 139 respondents.

Cost-Effectiveness of Open vs. Endoscopic Repair of Zenker's Diverticulum.

Objective: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of open versus endoscopic surgical repair of Zenker's diverticulum.

Methods: In this study, an economic decision tree was utilized to compare the cost-effectiveness of open surgery compared to endoscopic surgery. The primary outcome in this analysis was the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) that was calculated based on the economic decision tree.

Cost-Effectiveness of Routine Type and Screens in Select Endonasal Skull Base Surgeries.

 The study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of obtaining preoperative type and screens (T/S) for common endonasal skull base procedures, and determine patient and hospital factors associated with receiving blood transfusions.  Retrospective database analysis of the 2006 to 2015 National (nationwide) Inpatient Sample and cost-effectiveness analysis.  Multivariate regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with transfusions.

Otologic Manifestations of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis: A Systematic Review.

Objective: To perform a systematic review to investigate common otologic manifestations of Langerhans cell histiocytosis, the incidence of these findings, methods for diagnosis, as well as medical and surgical management.

Data Sources: PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library.

Review Methods: A search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library for all articles published between 1963 to 2020 was performed with variations and combinations of the following search terms: Langerhans cell histiocytosis, eosinophilic granuloma, Letterer-Siwe, Hand-Schüller-Christian, otitis, otologic, ear.

Diagnosis and management of eosinophilic otitis media: a systematic review.

Background: Eosinophilic Otitis Media (EOM) is a relatively newly defined entity of recurrent and resistant otitis media.

Objective: To perform a systematic review of otologic manifestations, diagnosis and management of eosinophilic otitis media (EOM).

Methods: 393 patients diagnosed with EOM of 26 studies met inclusion criteria and were assessed for demographics, otologic manifestations, diagnostic criteria fulfilled, and medical and surgical treatments.

Otologic Manifestations of Eosinophilic Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis: A Systematic Review.

Objective: To perform a systematic review of the diagnosis, treatment, and management of patients with otologic manifestations of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis.

Databases Reviewed: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane.

Methods: A systematic search for relevant published literature in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE databases was done.

Tracheal Resection in the Management of Thyroid Cancer: An Evidence-Based Approach.

Objective: Determine the effect of patient demographics and surgical approach on patient outcomes after tracheal resection in the management of thyroid cancer.

Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: Systematic review of literature was performed using PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library to identify patients with thyroid carcinoma who underwent tracheal resection.

Incorporation of telemedicine by rhinologists: The COVID-19 pandemic and beyond.

Objectives: The current analysis queries rhinologists' attitudes about the use of telemedicine, including the degree to which it has impacted practice patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our objective was to survey rhinologists and understand the extent to which telemedicine serves as a rejoinder to in-person consultation: appreciation of relevant factors may be important in planning for present and future considerations.

Methods: A 14-question anonymous survey sent out to the American Rhinologic Society (ARS) membership in April 2020.

A Systematic Review of Cochlear Implantation in Temporal Bone Fractures and the Significance of Otic Capsule Involvement.

Objective: Head trauma can cause deafness in cases with and without a skull base fracture. Anatomic disruption can occur with skull base fractures, but inner ear structures can also be damaged by the concussive forces of the trauma even without fracture. It is thought that negative prognostic indicators for successful cochlear implantation (CI) for hearing rehabilitation include fractures involving the otic capsule or ossification of the cochlea.

Orbital Roof Fractures: An Evidence-Based Approach.

There is controversy surrounding the management of orbital roof fractures. Guidelines with regard to when to operate and type of reconstruction are lacking. Categorizing these data will help clinicians make informed decisions about the management of orbital roof fractures and avoid preventable complications.

Perioperative Analgesia for Sinus and Skull-Base Surgery.

Perioperative analgesic management is multifaceted, and an individualized approach should be taken with each patient. Preoperative discussion of the plan for pain control and the patient's postoperative expectations is a necessary facet for optimal outcomes of analgesia. There is the potential for significant abuse and development of dependence on opioids.

The novel corona virus and rhinology: Impact on practice patterns and future directions.

Objectives: To evaluate the impact of the novel coronavirus pandemic on practice patterns, clinical behavior, personal health, and emotional/psychological concerns of rhinologists.

Methods: A 15-question survey was sent out to the American Rhinologic Society's (ARS) membership to determine the impact of COVID-19 during the crisis. Demographic factors and practice patterns were collected and evaluated.

Pain Management for the Otolaryngologist: Overview of Perioperative Analgesia and Introduction to Opioids.

Nearly 50,000 US adults experience opioid-overdose deaths annually and 1.7 million experience a substance use disorder from prescription opioids. Hence, understanding analgesia strategies is of utmost importance.

Introduction: Opioid Analgesia: A Patient Perspective.

Many individuals believe that physicians can be difficult when they become patients, as having "just enough" knowledge or attempting to direct one's personal medical care presents problems particularly when dealing with a dynamic issue such as analgesia. Physicians are used to being advocates for their patients, and when they are the patients themselves, there is a certain degree of transition that changes one's perspective and affects how complex medical issues are addressed. There has been an evolution in management of pain concerns in recent decades with growing recognition of the toll of the opioid epidemic on our society.

Perioperative Analgesia for Patients Undergoing Thyroidectomy and Parathyroidectomy: An Evidence-Based Review.

Objective: To perform an evidence-based systematic review evaluating perioperative analgesia, including opioid alternatives, used for patients undergoing thyroidectomy and parathyroidectomy.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search from 1997 to January 2018 of Pubmed, Cochrane, and EmBase libraries was performed for studies reporting analgesic administration following thyroid or parathyroid surgery. This systematic review was based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines.

COVID-19 and rhinology: A look at the future.

The novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) has created a deadly pandemic that is now significantly impacting the United States. Otolaryngologists are considered high risk for contracting disease, as the virus resides in the nasal cavity, nasopharynx, and oropharynx. While valuable work has been publicized regarding several topics in Rhinology, we discuss other aspects of our specialty in further detail.

Embracing telemedicine into your otolaryngology practice amid the COVID-19 crisis: An invited commentary.

The COVID-19 pandemic has quickly and radically altered how Otolaryngologists provide patient care in the outpatient setting. Continuity of care with established patients as well as establishment of a professional relationship with new patients is challenging during this Public Health Emergency (PHE). Many geographic areas are under "stay at home" or "shelter in place" directives from state and local governments to avoid COVID-19 exposure risks.