Methyloraptor flagellatus gen. nov., sp. nov., novel Ancalomicrobiaceae-affiliated facultatively methylotrophic bacteria that feed on methanotrophs of the genus Methylococcus.

A morphologically conspicuous microbial association was detected in a bioreactor running in a continuous mode with methanotrophic bacteria of the genus Methylococcus and natural gas as a growth substrate. The association consisted of spherical Methylococcus cells colonized by elongated rods, which produced rosette-like aggregates and inhibited the cultivation process. An isolate of these bacteria, strain S20, was obtained and identified as belonging to the alphaproteobacterial family Ancalomicrobiaceae but displaying only a distant relationship (93.

One Step Closer to Enigmatic USCα Methanotrophs: Isolation of a -like Bacterium from a Subarctic Soil.

The scavenging of atmospheric trace gases has been recognized as one of the lifestyle-defining capabilities of microorganisms in terrestrial polar ecosystems. Several metagenome-assembled genomes of as-yet-uncultivated methanotrophic bacteria, which consume atmospheric CH in these ecosystems, have been retrieved in cultivation-independent studies. In this study, we isolated and characterized a representative of these methanotrophs, strain D3K7, from a subarctic soil of northern Russia.

Methylomonas rapida sp. nov., a novel species of fast-growing, carotenoid-producing obligate methanotrophs with high biotechnological potential.

The genus Methylomonas accommodates strictly aerobic, obligate methanotrophs, with their sole carbon and energy sources restricted to methane and methanol. These bacteria inhabit oxic-anoxic interfaces of various freshwater habitats and have attracted considerable attention as potential producers of a single-cell protein. Here, we characterize two fast-growing representatives of this genus, strains 12 and MP1, which are phylogenetically distinct from the currently described Methylomonas species (94.

Building a Cell House from Cellulose: The Case of the Soil Acidobacterium SBC82.

SBC82 is a recently described representative of the phylum from lichen-covered tundra soil. Cells of this bacterium occur within unusual saccular chambers, with the chamber envelope formed by tightly packed fibrils. These extracellular structures were most pronounced in old cultures of strain SBC82 and were organized in cluster-like aggregates.

Corrigendum: Hydrolytic Capabilities as a Key to Environmental Success: Chitinolytic and Cellulolytic From Acidic Sub-arctic Soils and Boreal Peatlands.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.

Expanding Characterized Diversity and the Pool of Complete Genome Sequences of Species, the Bacteria of High Environmental and Biotechnological Relevance.

The bacterial genus , which comprises aerobic thermotolerant methanotrophic cocci, was described half-a-century ago. Over the years, a member of this genus, Bath, has become a major model organism to study genomic and metabolic basis of obligate methanotrophy. High biotechnological potential of fast-growing species, mainly as a promising source of feed protein, has also been recognized.

Methane-Oxidizing Communities in Lichen-Dominated Forested Tundra Are Composed Exclusively of High-Affinity USCα Methanotrophs.

Upland soils of tundra function as a constant sink for atmospheric CH but the identity of methane oxidizers in these soils remains poorly understood. Methane uptake rates of -0.4 to -0.

Strain C50C1 Is a Novel Type Ib Gammaproteobacterial Methanotroph Adapted to Freshwater Environments.

Methane-oxidizing microorganisms perform an important role in reducing emissions of the greenhouse gas methane to the atmosphere. To date, known bacterial methanotrophs belong to the , , and NC10 phyla. Within the phylum, they can be divided into type Ia, type Ib, and type II methanotrophs.

Fatty Acid and Hopanoid Adaption to Cold in the Methanotroph .

Three strains of aerobic psychrotolerant methanotrophic bacteria , isolated from geographically remote low-temperature environments in Northern Russia, were grown at three different growth temperatures, 20, 10 and 4°C and were found to be capable of oxidizing methane at all temperatures. The three strains adapted their membranes to decreasing growth temperature by increasing the percent of unsaturated fatty acid (FAs), both for the bulk and intact polar lipid (IPL)-bound FAs. Furthermore, the ratio of βOH-C to -C increased as growth temperature decreased.

Hydrolytic Capabilities as a Key to Environmental Success: Chitinolytic and Cellulolytic From Acidic Sub-arctic Soils and Boreal Peatlands.

Members of the are among the most efficient colonizers of acidic terrestrial habitats but the key traits underlying their environmental fitness remain to be understood. We analyzed indigenous assemblages of in a lichen-covered acidic (pH 4.1) soil of forested tundra dominated by uncultivated members of subdivision 1.

Draft Genome Sequence of Methylovulum psychrotolerans Sph1, an Obligate Methanotroph from Low-Temperature Environments.

Sph1 is an aerobic, obligate methanotroph, which was isolated from cold methane seeps in West Siberia. This bacterium possesses only a particulate methane monooxygenase and is widely distributed in low-temperature environments. Strain Sph1 has the genomic potential for biosynthesis of hopanoids required for the maintenance of intracytoplasmic membranes.

sp. nov., a member of the family from lichen-dominated forested tundra.

An isolate of aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, non-motile and light-pink pigmented bacteria, designated SBC68, was obtained from slightly decomposed thalli of the lichen sp. collected from the forested tundra of north-western Siberia. Cells of this isolate occurred singly, in pairs or in rosettes.

Methylovulum psychrotolerans sp. nov., a cold-adapted methanotroph from low-temperature terrestrial environments, and emended description of the genus Methylovulum.

Two isolates of aerobic methanotrophic bacteria, strains Sph1T and Sph2, were obtained from cold methane seeps in a floodplain of the river Mukhrinskaya, Irtysh basin, West Siberia. Another morphologically and phenotypically similar methanotroph, strain OZ2, was isolated from a sediment of a subarctic freshwater lake, Archangelsk region, northern Russia. Cells of these three strains were Gram-stain-negative, light-pink-pigmented, non-motile, encapsulated, large cocci that contained an intracytoplasmic membrane system typical of type I methanotrophs.

Methylocapsa palsarum sp. nov., a methanotroph isolated from a subArctic discontinuous permafrost ecosystem.

An aerobic methanotrophic bacterium was isolated from a collapsed palsa soil in northern Norway and designated strain NE2T. Cells of this strain were Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, non-pigmented, slightly curved thick rods that multiplied by normal cell division. The cells possessed a particulate methane monooxygenase enzyme (pMMO) and utilized methane and methanol.

Methylocystis bryophila sp. nov., a facultatively methanotrophic bacterium from acidic Sphagnum peat, and emended description of the genus Methylocystis (ex Whittenbury et al. 1970) Bowman et al. 1993.

A novel species is proposed for two facultatively methanotrophic representatives of the genus Methylocystis, strains H2s(T) and S284, which were isolated from an acidic (pH 4.3) Sphagnum peat-bog lake (Teufelssee, Germany) and an acidic (pH 3.8) peat bog (European North Russia), respectively.

Acetate utilization as a survival strategy of peat-inhabiting Methylocystis spp.

Representatives of the genus Methylocystis are traditionally considered to be obligately methanotrophic bacteria, which are incapable of growth on multicarbon substrates. Here, we describe a novel member of this genus, strain H2s, which represents a numerically abundant and ecologically important methanotroph population in northern Sphagnum-dominated wetlands. This isolate demonstrates a clear preference for growth on methane but is able to grow slowly on acetate in the absence of methane.

Methylocapsa aurea sp. nov., a facultative methanotroph possessing a particulate methane monooxygenase, and emended description of the genus Methylocapsa.

An aerobic, methanotrophic bacterium, designated KYG(T), was isolated from a forest soil in Germany. Cells of strain KYG(T) were Gram-negative, non-motile, slightly curved rods that multiplied by binary fission and produced yellow colonies. The cells contained intracellular granules of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate at each cell pole, a particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO) and stacks of intracytoplasmic membranes (ICMs) packed in parallel along one side of the cell envelope.

Acidisoma tundrae gen. nov., sp. nov. and Acidisoma sibiricum sp. nov., two acidophilic, psychrotolerant members of the Alphaproteobacteria from acidic northern wetlands.

Three obligately aerobic, heterotrophic bacteria, designated strains WM1T, TPB606T and TPB621, were isolated from acidic Sphagnum-dominated tundra and Siberian wetlands in Russia. Cells of these isolates were Gram-negative, non-motile coccobacilli that occurred singly, in pairs or in chains, and were covered by large capsules. The novel strains were moderately acidophilic and psychrotolerant organisms capable of growth at pH 3.

Schlesneria paludicola gen. nov., sp. nov., the first acidophilic member of the order Planctomycetales, from Sphagnum-dominated boreal wetlands.

Three strains of budding, ellipsoid-shaped and rosette-forming bacteria were isolated from acidic Sphagnum-dominated boreal wetlands of northern Russia and were designated strains MPL7T, MOB77 and SB2. The presence of crateriform pits and numerous fibrillar appendages on the cell surface and an unusual spur-like projection on one pole of the cell indicated a planctomycete morphotype. These isolates are moderately acidophilic, mesophilic organisms capable of growth at pH values between 4.

Methylocystis heyeri sp. nov., a novel type II methanotrophic bacterium possessing 'signature' fatty acids of type I methanotrophs.

A novel species is proposed for two strains of methanotrophic bacteria (H2(T) and Sakb1) isolated from an acidic (pH 4.3) Sphagnum peat bog lake (Teufelssee, Germany) and an acidic (pH 4.2) tropical forest soil (Thailand), respectively.

Phylogenetic analysis and in situ identification of bacteria community composition in an acidic Sphagnum peat bog.

The Bacteria community composition in an acidic Sphagnum peat bog (pH 3.9 to 4.5) was characterized by a combination of 16S rRNA gene clone library analysis, rRNA-targeted fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and cultivation.

Methylocella tundrae sp. nov., a novel methanotrophic bacterium from acidic tundra peatlands.

A novel species, Methylocella tundrae, is proposed for three methanotrophic strains (T4T, TCh1 and TY1) isolated from acidic Sphagnum tundra peatlands. These strains are aerobic, Gram-negative, non-motile, dinitrogen-fixing rods that possess a soluble methane monooxygenase and utilize the serine pathway for carbon assimilation. Strains T4T, TCh1 and TY1 are moderately acidophilic organisms capable of growth between pH 4.

Phylogenetic comparison of methanogen diversity in different wetland soils.

Aspects of archaeal diversity in peat soil samples from climatically and geographically distinct wetlands (subarctic: West Siberia Bog, Russia; temperate: Akaiyachi Mire, Japan; subtropical: Okefenokee Swamp, USA) were studied by molecular phylogenetic techniques. DNA was extracted directly from the soil samples and 16S rRNA genes were amplified by polymerase chain reaction. Partial sequences of the amplified 16S rDNAs (total 426 clones) were compared with known sequences from GenBank and the Ribosome Database Project (RDP).