Lactobacilli-Derived Postmetabolites Are Broad-Spectrum Inhibitors of Herpes Viruses In Vitro.

Herpes viruses are highly contagious agents affecting all classes of vertebrates, thus causing serious health, social, and economic losses. Within the One Health concept, novel therapeutics are extensively studied for both veterinary and human control and management of the infection, but the optimal strategy has not been invented yet. Lactic acid bacteria are key components of the microbiome that are known to play a protective role against pathogens as one of the proposed mechanisms involves compounds released from their metabolic activity.

In Vitro Effects of Postmetabolites from 53 on the Survival and Proliferation of HT-29 Cells.

Naturally fermented dairy products are an important component of the human diet. They are a valuable source of nutrients as well as vitamins and minerals. Their importance as a source of probiotic bacterial strains should not be overlooked.

Lactic Acid Production by AC 11S-Kinetics and Modeling.

Lactic acid is a versatile chemical with wide application in many industries. It can be produced by the fermentation of different sugars by various and investigations on lactic acid production from different substrates and by different strains are still in progress. The present study aimed to study lactic acid production from lactose by AC 11S and to choose a mathematical model describing in the best way the experimental data obtained.

Postbiotics Production of Candidate-Probiotic AC131 with Renewable Bio Resources.

is a versatile specie, well known as a producer of lactic acid (LA) and other metabolites with biotechnological significance. The present work characterizes growth and lactic acid production of the candidate-probiotic strain AC131, from Bulgarian white brined cheeses. Different nutritional media with ingredients from renewable resources-reduced sugars from dried distillers' grains with soluble (DDGS) and waste waters from the water-vapor distillation of Bulgarian L.

Effect of N-Acetyl-L-cysteine on Activity of Doxycycline against Biofilm-Forming Bacterial Strains.

Biofilm-forming bacteria are associated with difficult-to-cure bacterial infections in veterinary patients. According to previous studies, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) showed an inhibitory effect on biofilm formation when it was applied in combination with beta-lactam antibiotics and fluoroquinolones. The lack of information about the effect of NAC on doxycycline activity against biofilm-forming strains was the reason for conducting this study.

Protective and Therapeutic Capacities of Lactic Acid Bacteria Postmetabolites against Koi Herpesvirus Infection In Vitro.

Background: The accumulation of data on beneficial biological effects of probiotics and their metabolic products favors their potential use in the prevention and treatment of various malaises.

Methods: Nine postmetabolites from Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) of human or dairy origin and their antiviral activity were studied using the cytopathic effect inhibition test. The virucidal capacity, their influence on the adsorption stage of Koi herpes virus (KHV) and their preventive role against subsequent viral challenge on intact Common carp brain (CCB) cells were also determined by titration assay.

Structural Features and Immunomodulatory Effects of Water-Extractable Polysaccharides from (Scop.) Singer.

(MP) is an edible mushroom used in the treatment of diabetes, hypertension and inflammation. However, the structure and biological effects of its polysaccharides (PSs) are unclear. This study investigates the structural features of a PS complex from MP (MP-PSC), its immunomodulatory activities and effects on probiotic and pathogenic bacteria.

Anti-herpes virus activity of postbiotics.

Background: Recently various lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and their post-metabolites have shown many positive effects on human and animal welfare. They appear to be beneficial in different disorders and pathological conditions, including in a broad-spectrum of infectious diseases.

Aim: To estimate the anti-herpes simplex activity of 11 postbiotic samples (lysates or cell-free supernatants - CFS) produced during the fermentation of six candidate-probiotic strains isolated from Bulgarian fermented milk products.

Structural characterization of polysaccharides from Geranium sanguineum L. and their immunomodulatory effects in response to inflammatory agents.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Geranium sanguineum L. is used for treatment of inflammations, anemia, malignant diseases of the blood-forming organs, diarrhea, respiratory infections, etc. Only flavonoids in root extracts have been elucidated as immunostimulating and anti-inflammatory compounds, and polysaccharides in the herb have not been examined.

Functional characteristics of lactobacilli from traditional Bulgarian fermented milk products.

After oral administration, probiotic lactobacilli meet a number of protection systems in the human body, such as exposure to gastric, pancreatic, and small intestinal juices. Overcoming these detrimental barriers allows living bacteria to adhere to the intestinal epithelium and permanently colonize the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), providing health benefits to the host. Based on this, the transit tolerance of 25 candidate probiotic lactobacilli from katak, yoghurt, and white-brined and yellow cheese to simulated bile and small intestinal juices of variable pH was investigated.

Enrofloxacin and Probiotic Lactobacilli Influence PepT1 and LEAP-2 mRNA Expression in Poultry.

Expression of peptide transporter 1 (PepT1) and liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP-2) in chickens can be influenced by food deprivation, pathological conditions and drug administration. Effect of three putative probiotic Lactobacillus strains and enrofloxacin on the expression of PepT1 and LEAP-2 mRNA was investigated in Ross 308 chickens. One-day-old chicks (n = 24) were allocated to following groups: control (without treatment); group treated with probiotics via feed; group treated with a combination of probiotics and enrofloxacin; and a group given enrofloxacin only.

Novel cyanine dyes and homodimeric styryl dyes as fluorescent probes for assessment of lactic acid bacteria cell viability.

Innovations in labeling techniques and in the design and synthesis of dye structures are closely related to the development of service equipment such as light sources and detection methods. Novel styryl homodimers and monomethine cyanine dyes were synthesized and their staining abilities for discrimination between live and dead lactic acid bacterial cells were investigated. The dyes were combined in pairs based on their excitation and emission maxima and the capacity to penetrate through cell membranes of viable bacterial cells.

Antifungal activity and identification of Lactobacilli, isolated from traditional dairy product "katak".

Filamentous moulds are the main spoilage microorganisms, responsible for significant economic losses and several healthy risks in human food chain. The lactic acid bacteria (LAB), especially lactobacilli could be a natural antagonist of these dangerous organisms. In Bulgaria, a very limited data exists on the antifungal activity of LAB microbiota of fermented dairy products.

Tyrosine kinase inhibitor tyrphostin AG490 retards chronic joint inflammation in mice.

Tyrphostin AG490 is a Janus kinase (JAK) 2 inhibitor that is clinically used as an anticancer agent and is also effective in various models of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. In this study, we examined the effects of tyrphostin AG490 on the development of collagenase-induced osteoarthritis (CIOA). Our results showed that tyrphostin-ameliorated cartilage and bone destructions.

Pro-inflammatory action of Candida albicans DNA in zymosan-induced arthritis.

Objective: This study was designed to examine the potential ability of Candida albicans DNA to influence joint inflammation in a mouse model of zymosan-induced arthritis (ZIA) relating to Toll-like receptor-9 (TLR9) expression and cytokine production in different compartments.

Methods: To induce ZIA, mice were injected in the ankle joint with 180 μg zymosan. TLR9 expression in synovial extracts, peritoneal macrophages, splenocytes and popliteal lymph node cells was analyzed by flow cytometry.

Phenotypic and molecular identification of lactobacilli isolated from vaginal secretions.

Background And Purpose: Twenty lactobacilli isolated from vaginal samples of healthy volunteers were characterized according to polyphasic taxonomy. A broad spectrum of activity and protective properties of these vaginal isolates has been reported.

Methods: Phenotypic and genotypic methods such as random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), species-specific and BOX polymerase chain reaction (PCR), amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA), and 16S rRNA sequence analyses were applied for Lactobacillus spp.

Electric dipole moments of Escherichia coli HB 101.

The theoretical and experimental studies of the particles' electric dipole moments in the microscopic and submicroscopic size range show that in the case of polar and conductive media the interfacial components of the dipole moments are of greatest importance. While in the range of manometer's sizes there seems to be no important problems in the identification and in the estimation of the values of the dipole moments at present, in the micrometer range there are serious problems. In this communication these problems are considered and illustrated by electro-optic investigations of Escherichia coli HB 101.

Effect of Candida albicans dsDNA in gastrointestinal Candida infection.

Neonates are highly sensitive to infections because they are biased to develop Th2 immune responses. When exposed to certain agents, such as DNA vaccines or CpG DNA motifs, neonates are capable to mount adult-like Th1 protective responses. This study investigates the capacity of Candida albicans (C.

Identification and in vitro characterisation of Lactobacillus plantarum strains from artisanal Bulgarian white brined cheeses.

Lactobacillus plantarum strains were isolated from fully ripened, white brined Bulgarian home-made cheeses. Strains were derived from phenotypically homogenous Lactobacillus group and were identified as L. plantarum based on both phenotypic and molecular identification (species-specific and multiplex PCR) methods.

Enhanced resistance against systemic Candida albicans infection in mice treated with C. albicans DNA.

In this study, double-stranded Candida albicans DNA was administered in systemic C. albicans infection in at dose of 20 microg per mouse at 4, 5 and 6 weeks of age. The level of IL-12 in serum was elevated as a result of yeast DNA treatment and correlated with lower mortality and decreased kidney and liver injury.

Antimicrobial activity and protective properties of vaginal lactobacilli from healthy Bulgarian women.

The role of vaginal Lactobacillus as an efficient barrier against invading pathogens is of considerable interest. The purpose of the present study was to assess in vitro the ability of 20 recently identified vaginal lactobacilli to protect the vagina. In order to evaluate their significance, the antimicrobial, hemagglutination (HA) and aggregation (Agg) activities, as well as acid and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) production, were estimated.

Molecular identification of vaginal lactobacilli isolated from Bulgarian women.

Lactobacilli play an important role in maintaining the vaginal health of women. The development of suitable bacterial replacement therapies for the treatment of vaginosis requires knowledge of the vaginal lactobacilli species representation. The aim of this study was to identify at the species level vaginal Lactobacillus isolates obtained from Bulgarian women in childbearing age by using different molecular methods.

Purification and characterisation of a protease inhibitor from Streptomyces chromofuscus 34-1 with an antiviral activity.

The aim of this study was to purify and characterise a novel protease inhibitor (PISC-2002) isolated from culture supernatants of Streptomyces chromofuscus. PISC-2002 was purified by anion-exchange chromatography, and RP-HPLC analysis. PISC-2002 had a molecular mass of 11.