[Inflammatory fibroid polyp in the jejunum - a case report].

Inflammatory fibroid polyps (IFP) are rare type of benign tumours found in the gastrointestinal tract. IFP´s are in most cases small in size and without symptoms but can cause intussuception and haemorrhage. We present a case of a 25 year old female who presented with abdominal pain and symptoms and signs of anemia, hemoglobin was 36 g/L upon arrival.

Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Kidney Injury in 2,8-Dihydroxyadenine Nephropathy.

Background: Hereditary deficiency of adenine phosphoribosyltransferase causes 2,8-dihydroxyadenine (2,8-DHA) nephropathy, a rare condition characterized by formation of 2,8-DHA crystals within renal tubules. Clinical relevance of rodent models of 2,8-DHA crystal nephropathy induced by excessive adenine intake is unknown.

Methods: Using animal models and patient kidney biopsies, we assessed the pathogenic sequelae of 2,8-DHA crystal-induced kidney damage.

The impact of tumour size on the probability of synchronous metastasis and survival in renal cell carcinoma patients: a population-based study.

Background: The observed low metastatic potential and favorable survival of small incidentally detected renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) have been a part of the rationale for recommending partial nephrectomy as a first treatment option and active surveillance in selected patients. We examined the relationship between tumor size and the odds of synchronous metastases (SMs) (primary outcome) and disease specific survival (secondary outcome) in a nationwide RCC registry.

Methods: Retrospective study of the 794 RCC patients diagnosed in Iceland between 1971 and 2005.

A common variant at 8q24.21 is associated with renal cell cancer.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) represents between 80 and 90% of kidney cancers. Previous genome-wide association studies of RCC have identified five variants conferring risk of the disease. Here we report the results from a discovery RCC genome-wide association study and replication analysis, including a total of 2,411 patients and 71,497 controls.

Defective immunoglobulin A (IgA) glycosylation and IgA deposits in patients with IgA nephropathy.

Defective glycosylation and immune complex (IC) formation may be of primary importance in immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to determine whether defective IgA1 glycosylation might support renal deposition of IgA and disease activity. IgA was isolated from the serum of 44 IgAN patients and 46 controls and glycosylation analysed by ELISA using glycan-specific lectins.

[Small renal cell carcinomas and synchronous metastases].

Objective: The incidence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is rising in part due to small tumors (≤4cm) detected incidentally with abdominal imaging. Survival for small RCCs has been regarded as favorable and guidelines recommend partial rather than total nephrecteomy. We studied the frequency of synchronous metastasis in patients with small RCCs in Iceland.

Incidental detection of renal cell carcinoma is an independent prognostic marker: results of a long-term, whole population study.

Purpose: The true effect of incidental detection on the survival of patients with renal cell carcinoma has been debated. We used centralized databases in Iceland to study prognostic factors of survival, focusing on the effect of incidental detection.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included all living patients diagnosed with renal cell carcinoma in Iceland from 1971 to 2005.

Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma in Iceland: an epidemiological and clinicopathological study.

Objective: Numerous studies have suggested that the rare chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (CRCC) has a more favourable prognosis than the other more common subtypes of RCC, clear cell RCC (CCRCC) and papillary RCC (PRCC). These studies have, however, usually involved selected patient cohorts and not whole populations. This study compared CRCC patients with patients with the other two major histological subtypes and established a population-based age-standardized incidence rate (ASR).

[Acute flank pain syndrome: a common presentation of acute renal failure in young men in Iceland].

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to calculate the incidence of the acute flank pain syndrome in Iceland and to describe the case series.

Material And Methods: The hospital records of those who fulfilled the following criteria were studied: age 18-41 years, acute renal failure, and a visit to Landspitali University Hospital in 1998-2007. The acute flank pain syndrome was defined as severe flank pain in combination with acute renal failure, unexplained except for the possible consumption of NSAIDs, ethanol or both.

Incidence and outcome of acute phosphate nephropathy in Iceland.

Background: Oral sodium phosphate solutions (OSPS) are widely used for bowel cleansing prior to colonoscopy and other procedures. Cases of renal failure due to acute phosphate nephropathy following OSPS ingestion have been documented in recent years, questioning the safety of OSPS. However, the magnitude of the problem remains unknown.

[Renal cell carcinoma diagnosed at autopsy in Iceland 1971-2005].

Introduction: The incidence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is rising in Iceland. This has been attributed to increased diagnostic activity, such as abdominal imaging of unrelated diseases, rather than changes in the behavior of the disease. The aim of this study was to compare RCCs diagnosed in living patients and at autopsy, but also to investigate the relationship between the incidence of RCC and autopsy findings.

Sveinsson chorioretinal atrophy/helicoid peripapillary chorioretinal degeneration: first histopathology report.

Purpose: To report the histopathologic features in an eye with Sveinsson chorioretinal atrophy (SCRA), also termed helicoid peripapillary chorioretinal degeneration, for the first time.

Participant: An 82-year-old woman clinically and genetically confirmed to have SCRA.

Design: Examination of an eye obtained after death.

Resolution of proteinuria in a patient with X-linked Alport syndrome treated with cyclosporine.

We report a 9-year-old Icelandic male with Alport syndrome and nephrotic-range proteinuria who responded well to cyclosporine therapy. He presented at the age of 2 years with gross hematuria and proteinuria during an episode of upper respiratory tract infection. Three years later he had developed persistent proteinuria; kidney function was normal.

Effect of incidental detection for survival of patients with renal cell carcinoma: results of population-based study of 701 patients.

Objectives: To conduct a population-based study to evaluate the effect of incidental detection of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) on survival. Incidental detection of RCC has increased significantly in recent years because of widespread use of abdominal imaging. The patients with incidentally diagnosed RCC have better survival; however, because of possible "lead time" bias and stage migration, the real implications of incidental detection on survival have been a matter of debate.

Renal oncocytoma: a clinicopathological analysis of 45 consecutive cases.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical behaviour and pathology of renal oncocytoma in a well-defined population over a 30-year period.

Patients And Methods: In a retrospective population-based study we assessed relevant clinical and pathological factors in 45 patients (31 men and 14 women) diagnosed with renal oncocytoma in Iceland between 1971 and 2000. Clinical presentation, pathology, survival and causes of death were evaluated.

Histological subtyping and nuclear grading of renal cell carcinoma and their implications for survival: a retrospective nation-wide study of 629 patients.

Objects: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of the current WHO histological subtyping and Fuhrman nuclear grading on the survival of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Materials And Methods: A retrospective population-based study was carried out on all patients with a histopathologically confirmed diagnosis of RCC in Iceland between 1971 and 2000. Fuhrman grade, TNM stage, and survival were evaluated and multivariate analysis applied in order to determine prognostic factors.

A population-based familial aggregation analysis indicates genetic contribution in a majority of renal cell carcinomas.

The etiology of RCC is incompletely understood and the inherited genetic contribution uncertain. Although there are rare mendelian forms of RCC stemming from inherited mutations, most cases are thought to be sporadic. We sought to determine the extent of familial aggregation among Icelandic RCC patients in general.