Protein and Long-Chain n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Recovered from Herring Brines upon Flocculation and Flotation-A Case Study.

A novel integrated process for recovery of protein-enriched biomasses from 5% presalting brines and spice brines of herring () was investigated by combining carrageenan- and/or acid-driven flocculation (F) plus dissolved air flotation (DAF). The F-DAF technique with carrageenan resulted in protein and lipid recoveries from 5% presalting brine of 78 and 38%, respectively. Without flocculation or with only acidification, protein and lipid recoveries in DAF were only 13 and 10%, respectively.

Efficacy, tolerability and pharmacokinetic variability of brivaracetam in adults with difficult-to-treat epilepsy.

Purpose: Brivaracetam (BRV) is one of our latest antiseizure medications (ASMs). It is an analogue of levetiracetam with limited real-life experience. The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical experience with BRV with focus on efficacy, tolerability and pharmacokinetic variability among adult patients with difficult-to-treat epilepsy.

Patients with low-voltage electric shock referred to an Emergency Department.

Background: Patients exposed to electricity are often referred to the Emergency Department, but guidelines differ as to how they should be managed. In this article, we describe patients with low-voltage electric shock in the Emergency Department at St Olav's Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital.

Material And Method: Retrospective data from patients referred to the Emergency Department following low-voltage electric shock (< 1,000 V) in the period 1.

Patient motivation in group metacognitive therapy for generalized anxiety disorder.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive value of motivational language (change talk [CT] and sustain talk [ST]) on treatment outcome of group metacognitive therapy (g-MCT) for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).

Method: Video recordings of the first, fourth, and seventh therapy sessions (55 patients) were encoded using the Motivational Interviewing Skill Code (MISC) manual. The strength of the patients' motivational utterances was encoded as CT or ST with seven subcategories.

Hepatitis C outreach project and cross-sectional epidemiology in high-risk populations in Trondheim, Norway.

Background: Hepatitis C is highly prevalent among people who use drugs (PWUD), and the hepatitis C virus (HCV) epidemic is less characterised in Norway. The aims of the study were to assess the prevalence and treatment willingness in high-risk populations by reaching out to frequently visited sites for high-risk populations.

Methods: Individuals from high-risk populations were included from September 2015 to March 2017.

"And then the rest happened"- A qualitative exploration of the role that meaningful activities play in recovery processes for people with a diagnosis of substance use disorder.

In this qualitative exploration, we report on a thematic analysis of the key role that engaging in meaningful activities may play in recovery processes for people with a diagnosis of substance use disorder (SUD). We conducted semi-structured, individual interviews with 30 participants and analyzed the parts of this material that were related to meaningful activities. The findings are summarized through the development of three broad themes: (a) the central role of work-"The wages suck, but the job is gold"; (b) mastery and commitment-"I had to get up early, find my spot, I had to be present and fully functioning all day"; and (c) repairing the bridge to community life-"It's my job and working out that has made this possible, really, I see that now.

Test-retest and time dependent variation and diagnostic values of vibratory sensation determined by biothesiometer and the Rydel-Seiffer tuning fork.

Background And Aims: Polyneuropathy is a common neurological disorder with many potential causes. An essential part in screening, diagnosis, and follow-up evaluation of polyneuropathy is testing of the sensory function including vibratory sensation. The graduated Rydel-Seiffer tuning fork and the biothesiometer have been developed to quantify vibratory sensation through detection thresholds.

Patient Derived Colonoids as Drug Testing Platforms-Critical Importance of Oxygen Concentration.

Treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is challenging, with a series of available drugs each helping only a fraction of patients. Patients may face time-consuming drug trials while the disease is active, thus there is an unmet need for biomarkers and assays to predict drug effect. It is well known that the intestinal epithelium is an important factor in disease pathogenesis, exhibiting physical, biochemical and immunologic driven barrier dysfunctions.

Effect and tolerability of perampanel in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy.

Objective: Perampanel is one of the most recently approved antiseizure medications. The aim of the present study was to assess clinical efficacy and tolerability, in combination with pharmacokinetic variability, of perampanel treatment in patients at a tertiary referral center for epilepsy.

Methods: We performed a retrospective observational study of patients given perampanel as adjunctive treatment in the period January 2013 - February 2019 at the National Center for Epilepsy at Oslo University Hospital, Norway.

Oxaliplatin Neuropathy: Predictive Values of Skin Biopsy, QST and Nerve Conduction.

Background: Oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy negatively affects the quality of life for patients with gastrointestinal cancers and may cause neuropathic pain. Measures of peripheral nerve structure or function, such as intraepidermal nerve fiber density (IENFD) during treatment could reduce neuropathy severity through individualized dose reduction.

Objective: The aim was to evaluate the predictive values of IENFD, quantitative sensory testing (QST), and nerve conduction studies (NCS) for significant neuropathy and neuropathic pain.

Cabin temperature during prehospital patient transport - a prospective observational study.

Background: Few studies have investigated the patient compartment temperatures during ambulance missions or its relation to admission hypothermia. Still hypothermia is a known risk factor for increased mortality and morbidity in both trauma and disease. This has special relevance to our sub-arctic region's pre-hospital services, and we prospectively studied the environmental temperature in the patient transport compartment in both ground and air ambulances.

Intestinal Epithelial Cells Express Immunomodulatory ISG15 During Active Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease.

Background And Aims: Intestinal epithelial cells [IECs] secrete cytokines that recruit immune cells to the mucosa and regulate immune responses that drive inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. However, experiments in patient-derived IEC models are still scarce. Here, we aimed to investigate how innate immunity and IEC-specific pattern recognition receptor [PRR] signalling can be involved in an enhanced type I interferon [IFN] gene signature observed in colon epithelium of patients with active IBD, with a special focus on secreted ubiquitin-like protein ISG15.

"Becoming myself": how participants in a longitudinal substance use disorder recovery study experienced receiving continuous feedback on their results.

Background: Being a participant in longitudinal follow-up studies is not commonly a factor considered when investigating useful self-change aspects for individuals attempting recovery from substance use disorder (SUD). This study reports on how ongoing monitoring, and feedback on data results in a longitudinal follow-up study of SUD recovery were perceived by individuals who had achieved long-term abstinence and social recovery.

Methods: Interviewers with first-hand experience with the topic conducted interviews with 30 participants and analysed the data using a thematic analytic approach within an interpretative-phenomenological framework.

Clinical experience combined with therapeutic drug monitoring of lacosamide.

Objective: Lacosamide (LCM) is an antiepileptic drug (AED) with insufficient clinical experience in patients with intellectual disability (ID). They often have more severe epilepsy with comorbidities. The objective was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of lacosamide (LCM) in patients with refractory epilepsy with and without ID in a real-life setting, taking drug monitoring (TDM) data into account therapeutic.

"A Life More Ordinary" Processes of 5-Year Recovery From Substance Abuse. Experiences of 30 Recovered Service Users.

Studies investigating the subjective experiences of long-term recovery from substance use disorder are scarce. Particularly, functional and social factors have received little attention. To investigate what long-term recovered service users found to build recovery from substance use disorder.

Reports of the benefits of drug use from individuals with substance use disorders.

The perceived benefits of drug use are not currently integrated into the treatment of substance use disorder. This omission appears paradoxical and is unsubstantiated by empirical research. As the perceived benefits of drug use are catalysts for drug initiation, relapse and continuous use, increased knowledge about these benefits seems crucial to efficacious treatment.

Statin use and peripheral nerve function-A prospective follow-up study.

Purpose: To examine the association between use of statins and risk of deterioration of peripheral nerve function.

Methods: We prospectively followed patients who initiated statin treatment and compared them with statin never-users (non-users). At the time of inclusion and at 1-year follow-up, participants underwent tests for peripheral nerve function (ie nerve conduction studies, quantitative sensory testing), skin biopsies and ratings of symptoms and signs of neuropathy.

Sexual function in people with epilepsy: Similarities and differences with the general population.

Objective: The potential impact of epilepsy on sexual function is important for patient welfare, but often neglected. This study explored the occurrences of different sexual problems in patients with both well-controlled and mostly refractory epilepsy, and compared these with equivalent information from the general population.

Methods: Between 2015 and 2017, a total of 221 adult inpatients and outpatients, mostly with intractable epilepsy, at the National Centre for Epilepsy in Norway, and 78 outpatients with well-controlled epilepsy at Lillehammer hospital participated in a questionnaire survey on sexual function.

Early changes in tests of peripheral nerve function during oxaliplatin treatment and their correlation with chemotherapy-induced polyneuropathy symptoms and signs.

Background And Purpose: Assessment of the severity of chronic peripheral neuropathy during oxaliplatin treatment is based on symptoms. Efforts to adjust the total dose of oxaliplatin to prevent severe neuropathy can be complicated by the worsening of neuropathy symptoms following treatment. Objective measures of the structure and function of peripheral nerves during early phases of treatment may aid in determining the optimal oxaliplatin dose in individual patients.

Ulcer-associated cell lineage expresses genes involved in regeneration and is hallmarked by high neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) levels.

Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), also known as Lipocalin 2, is an antimicrobial protein, encoded by the gene LCN2, strongly upregulated in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and a promising biomarker for IBD. Here we demonstrate that NGAL is highly expressed in all parts of pyloric metaplasia, also known as the ulcer-associated cell lineage (UACL), a metaplastic cell lineage suggested to play a role in wound healing in Crohn's disease (CD). We further show NGAL expression in regenerative intestinal crypts and in undifferentiated patient-derived colonoids.

Asymptomatic loss of intraepidermal nerve fibers with preserved thermal detection thresholds after repeated exposure to severe cold.

Background: Cold-induced peripheral neuropathy has been described in individuals exposed to severe cold resulting in pain, hypersensitivity to cold, hyperhidrosis, numbness, and skin changes. Nerve conduction studies and thermal detection thresholds are abnormal in symptomatic patients, and intraepidermal nerve fiber density (IENFD) in skin biopsies is reduced.

Case Presentation: A 41-year-old male was included as a healthy subject in a study of the spontaneous variability of quantitative sensory testing (QST), nerve conduction studies (NCS), and IENFD.

Statins and polyneuropathy revisited: case-control study in Denmark, 1999-2013.

Aim: In a previous study, we found a positive association between statin use and polyneuropathy risk. Other studies reported equivocal results. The present study aimed to confirm our findings with a design similar to that used in our previous study but with a larger data set.