A Urine pH-Ammonium Acid/Base Score and CKD Progression.

Key Points: This study developed a urine acid/base score to assess tubular acid excretion capacity and identify early acid retention in CKD. The results show that early signs of acid retention (a low acid/base score) are associated with a higher risk for CKD progression. Future research should address if a low urine acid/base score can be improved and if this translates into clinically meaningful effects.

Cell therapy for neurological disorders.

Cell therapies for neurological disorders are entering the clinic and present unique challenges and opportunities compared with conventional medicines. They have the potential to replace damaged nervous tissue and integrate into the brain or spinal cord to produce functional effects for the lifetime of the patient, which could revolutionize the way clinicians treat debilitating neurological disorders. The major challenge has been cell sourcing, which historically relied mainly on fetal brain tissue.

Revisiting voltage-coupled H secretion in the collecting duct.

Experimental studies have shown that V-type ATPase-driven H secretion is dependent on transepithelial voltage. On this basis, the "voltage hypothesis" of urinary acidification by the collecting duct was derived. Accordingly, it has been supposed that the lumen-negative potential created by the reabsorption of Na via the epithelial Na channel (ENaC) enhances electrogenic H secretion via V-type H-ATPase.

Quality of Care and Management of Atopic Dermatitis Across Different Levels of Healthcare-A Survey-Based Patient Experience.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic and fluctuating disease. Optimal management of AD and related comorbidities requires seamless coordination across multiple layers of the healthcare system. The objective of this survey was to explore patients' experiences with current management of AD.

Total RNA analysis of the active microbiome on moving bed biofilm reactor carriers under incrementally increasing micropollutant concentrations.

Micropollutants are increasingly prevalent in the aquatic environment. A major part of these originates from wastewater treatment plants since traditional treatment technologies do not remove micropollutants sufficiently. Moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBRs), however, have been shown to aid in micropollutant removal when applied to conventional wastewater treatment as a polishing step.

Radiographic findings in patients suspected of subacromial impingement syndrome: prevalence and reliability.

Objective: Aims were to (i) report prevalence and (ii) evaluate reliability of the radiographic findings in examinations of patients suspected of subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS), performed before a patient's first consultation at orthopaedic department.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study examined radiographs from 850 patients, age 18 to 63 years, referred to orthopaedic clinic on suspicion of SIS. Prevalence (%) of radiographic findings were registered.

Patients' experiences with shared decision-making in home-based palliative care - navigation through major life decisions.

Background: This study addresses the issue of shared decision-making (SDM) in a Norwegian home-based palliative care setting. The significance of patient involvement in SDM is widely acknowledged, and many patients want to participate in decisions about care and treatment. Yet, it remains a need for more knowledge regarding the initiators and approaches of SDM in the context of home-based palliative care, particularly from the patients' perspective.

Contact allergy to topical ophthalmic medications: A retrospective single-centre study of three decades.

Background: The prevalence of contact allergy to various ophthalmic medications appears to be rare; however, data on culprits, clinical relevance of sensitizations, and changes in frequency within recent decades are limited.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the clinical relevance, risk factors, and prevalence of contact allergy to topical ophthalmic medications in patients suspected of allergic contact dermatitis to ophthalmic medication.

Methods: We retrospectively analysed patch test results and clinical data for 754 patients patch-tested with an ophthalmic medication series at our tertiary referral centre between January 1992 and December 2022.

Eat seldom is better than eat frequently: Pharmaceuticals degradation kinetics, enantiomeric profiling and microorganisms in moving bed biofilm reactors are affected by feast famine cycle times.

Feast-famine (FF) regimes improved the removal of recalcitrant pharmaceuticals in moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBRs), but the optimal FF cycle remained unresolved. The effects of FF cycle time on the removal of bulk substrates (organic carbon and nitrogen) and trace pharmaceuticals by MBBR are systematically evaluated in this study. The feast to famine ratio was fixed to 1:2 to keep the same loading rate, but the time for the FF cycles varied from 18 h to 288 h.

Early life body size and puberty markers as predictors of breast cancer risk later in life: A neural network analysis.

Background: The early life factors of birthweight, child weight, height, body mass index (BMI) and pubertal timing are associated with risks of breast cancer. However, the predictive value of these factors in relation to breast cancer is largely unknown. Therefore, using a machine learning approach, we examined whether birthweight, childhood weights, heights, BMIs, and pubertal timing individually and in combination were predictive of breast cancer.

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Topical corticosteroids are commonly used to treat inflammatory skin conditions due to their anti-inflammatory properties. However, patients with long-lasting, non-responsive eczema have to be evaluated for a complicating contact allergy to the topical product. Clinical management of allergic contact dermatitis to corticosteroids can be challenging.

Secretin: a hormone for HCO homeostasis.

Secretin is a key hormone of the intestinal phase of digestion which activates pancreatic, bile duct and Brunner gland HCO secretion. Recently, the secretin receptor (SCTR) was also found in the basolateral membrane of the beta-intercalated cell (B-IC) of the collecting duct. Experimental addition of secretin triggers a pronounced activation of urinary HCO excretion, which is fully dependent on key functional proteins of the B-IC, namely apical pendrin and CFTR and the basolateral SCTR.

Analysis of Cases Presenting With Concern of Child Abuse or Neglect to a Child Protection Team.

Limited data are available on cases presenting for triage by child abuse specialists, particularly data combining patient demographics with presenting concerns and outcomes. This study aims to provide a descriptive analysis of cases presenting to one child abuse medical subspecialty team. Data were collected for all referrals triaged by the Child Protection Program, a child abuse team located within an academic children's medical center.

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Urticaria is a frequent skin condition presenting with wheals, angioedema or both due to the activation of mast cells. Acute urticaria (less-than 6 weeks duration) is associated with infections and allergies, whereas chronic urticaria (≥ 6 weeks) is either spontaneous (chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU)), inducible or both. Quality of life (QoL) is frequently impaired.

A descriptive analysis of children seeking medical attention for problematic sexualized behavior.

Introduction: Problematic Sexualized Behavior (PSB) in children is an increasingly prevalent and often misunderstood issue that impacts the well-being of children. Quantifying the numbers of affected children is challenging due to inconsistencies in how these children are identified, as well as misperceptions surrounding the issue and lack of a coordinated community response.

Methods: In this single-center retrospective case review, we attempt to report data on child demographics and case characteristics for children presenting to one Child Protection Program (CPP) medical specialty team for concern of PSB.

A conceptual analysis of system responses to the issue of problematic sexual behaviors in children and recommendations for future work in Children's Advocacy Center multidisciplinary teams.

Problematic sexual behavior (PSB) in children is a common, yet frequently misunderstood and mishandled issue facing communities. Because of the intersection of children both causing harm and being harmed, societies across the globe struggle with whether to punish or support during these times. For Children's Advocacy Centers (CACs), whose mandate it is to support victimized children, this tension is exacerbated.

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Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is a rare condition, which causes inflammation in children's skin and musculoskeletal systems. Symptoms include characteristic skin rashes on the face and extremities, muscle pain and weakness. This is a case report of a ten-year-old boy initially suspected of having lupus erythematosus.

The role of fellowship experience in decreasing burnout for child abuse pediatricians.

Background: Compassion fatigue and burnout are important issues within the medical field, and may be an even bigger problem for Child Abuse Pediatricians (CAPs). While the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) mandates educational activities focused on burnout and resilience, there is currently minimal data to inform the choice and implementation of these activities.

Objective: Our objectives were to: determine the availability and perceived usefulness of educational activities related to burnout and resilience available in CAP fellowships; and explore the relationship between fellowship activities and burnout.

Trimethoprim inhibits renal H-K-ATPase in states of K depletion.

There is growing consensus that under physiological conditions, collecting duct H secretion is independent of epithelial Na channel (ENaC) activity. We have recently shown that the direct ENaC inhibitor benzamil acutely impairs H excretion by blocking renal H-K-ATPase. However, the question remains whether inhibition of ENaC per se causes alterations in renal H excretion.