Role of Tailored Timing and Frequency Prompts on the Efficacy of an Internet-Delivered Stress Recovery Intervention for Health Care Workers: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Prompts offer a promising strategy to promote client engagement in internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT). However, if the prompts do not meet the needs of clients, they can potentially be more obtrusive rather than helpful.

Objective: The aim of this study was to test if prompts tailored based on timing and frequency, aligned with preintervention goal setting, can increase usage and the efficacy of a therapist-supported ICBT stress recovery intervention for health care workers.

Assessing the potential of activated carbon and anion-exchange in combination to remove organic micropollutants from wastewater - Long term pilot trials at Kungsängsverket WWTP, Uppsala, Sweden.

Pharmaceuticals and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent organic micropollutants (OMPs) posing environmental and health risks due to their bioaccumulative nature and potential toxicity. These OMPs spread to the environment due to the extensive use in today's society. Conventional wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are not designed to effectively remove these contaminants, making WWTPs an important pathway, especially for pharmaceuticals, to the aquatic environment.

The fundamentals of eye tracking part 2: From research question to operationalization.

In this article, we discuss operationalizations and examples of experimental design in eye-tracking research. First, we distinguish direct operationalization for entities like saccades, which are closely aligned with their original concepts, and indirect operationalization for concepts not directly measurable, such as attention or mind-wandering. The latter relies on selecting a measurable proxy.

The Role of Glial Cells in the Pathophysiology of Epilepsy.

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder marked by recurrent seizures, significantly impacting individuals worldwide. Current treatments are often ineffective for a third of patients and can cause severe side effects, necessitating new therapeutic approaches. Glial cells, particularly astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes, are emerging as crucial targets in epilepsy management.

Challenges and possibilities when doing research on active school travel interventions in a school setting - a non-randomized pilot study assessing feasibility of an evaluation design.

Background: A wide range of school interventions have been launched to increase childrens' physical activity. Evaluation of the effectiveness of interventions requires suitable study designs and feasible quantitative evaluations relating to the school setting. The purpose of this study was to assess the evaluation design and methods for data collection, in order to make decisions about approaching forthcoming studies of the effectiveness of active school travel (AST) interventions.

Patient cohorts of interest in resuscitation science - Aligning Cardiac Arrest Registry Outputs with Stakeholder Needs.

Introduction: Cardiac arrest registries can benchmark, enhance quality of care and provide data for research. Key stakeholders from Emergency Medical Communication Centre (EMCC), Emergency Medical Services (EMS), In-Hospital Care Providers (IHCP) and Recovery and Rehabilitation Providers (RRP) have different perspectives, and registry results and patient cohorts should be tailored to facilitate benchmarking, quality improvement projects and research in all sections of the chain of survival. In this paper, we describe different cohorts of interest, exemplified by data from the Norwegian Cardiac Arrest Registry (NorCAR).

Ultra-Sensitive Detection of Bacterial Spores via SERS.

Bacterial spores are highly resilient and capable of surviving extreme conditions, making them a persistent threat in contexts such as disease transmission, food safety, and bioterrorism. Their ability to withstand conventional sterilization methods necessitates rapid and accurate detection techniques to effectively mitigate the risks they present. In this study, we introduce a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) approach for detecting spores by targeting calcium dipicolinate acid (CaDPA), a biomarker uniquely associated with bacterial spores.

Opportunities for More Tailored Approaches to Genotoxicity Testing and Carcinogenicity Strategy for Oligonucleotide Therapeutics: Outcome of an Industry Survey.

The Oligonucleotide Nonclinical Working Group (WG) of the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations conducted an industry survey to understand current practices and regulatory expectations for genotoxicity and carcinogenicity assessment of oligonucleotide therapeutics (ONTs), along with historical genotoxicity testing results. The survey, involving 29 pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, revealed a consistent absence of genotoxicity across a diverse range of oligonucleotide classes and chemistries, consistent with previous observations. Despite the lack of genotoxicity, companies continue to follow standard testing guidelines, with only limited divergence.

Short- and Long-Term Effects on Physical Fitness in Older Adults: Results from an 8-Week Exercise Program Repeated in Two Consecutive Years.

: Information on the long-term maintenance of short-term exercise fitness gains measured by field-based tests is scarce in older adults. This study aimed to investigate short- and long-term changes in various physical fitness parameters after an 8-week exercise program. : In this longitudinal study, a total of 265 participants (62% women; mean age 71.

Tangential Versus Segmental Portomesenteric Venous Resection During Pancreatoduodenectomy for Pancreatic Cancer: An International Multicenter Cohort Study on Surgical and Oncological Outcome.

Objective: To investigate whether tangential versus segmental portomesenteric venous resection (PVR) impacts surgical and oncological outcome in patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy for pancreatic cancer with portomesenteric vein (PMV) involvement.

Summary Background Data: Current comparative studies on tangential versus segmental PVR as part of pancreatoduodenectomy for pancreatic cancer include all degrees of PMV involvement, including cases where tangential PVR may not be a feasible approach, limiting the clinical applicability.

Methods: International retrospective study in 10 centers from 5 countries, including all consecutive patients after pancreatoduodenectomy with PVR for pancreatic cancer with ≤180° PMV involvement on cross-sectional imaging at diagnosis (2014-2020).

The fundamentals of eye tracking part 3: How to choose an eye tracker.

There is an abundance of commercial and open-source eye trackers available for researchers interested in gaze and eye movements. Which aspects should be considered when choosing an eye tracker? The paper describes what distinguishes different types of eye trackers, their suitability for different types of research questions, and highlights questions researchers should ask themselves to make an informed choice.

Emotion regulation-based internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy for premenstrual dysphoric disorder: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial in Sweden.

Introduction: Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a cyclic mood disorder affecting around 2%-5% of women of reproductive age. Pharmacological interventions exist, but many patients with PMDD experience residual symptoms, discontinue medications or refrain from them due to side effects. Thus, non-pharmacological treatments are needed as an alternative or additive treatment strategy.

Intestinal histoplasmosis with granulomatous colonic and mesenteric lymphadenitis due to Histoplasma mississippiense infection in an American Mammoth Jackstock donkey (Equus asinus).

Histoplasmosis is a rarely reported clinical disease of equids in North America and is historically attributed to Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum. This report details a case of intestinal histoplasmosis with lymphadenitis in an American Mammoth Jackstock donkey from Mississippi.

Eye reactions under the influence of drugs of abuse as measured by smartphones: a controlled clinical study in healthy volunteers.

Background: It is known that illicit and prescribed drugs impact pupil size, eye movement and function. Still, comprehensive quantitative evaluations under known ambient light conditions are lacking, when smartphones are used for monitoring.

Methods: In this clinical study (NCT05731999), four medicinal products with addiction risks were administered to 48 subjects (18-70 years old, all with informed consent, 12 subjects per drug).

Prehospital lactate analysis in suspected sepsis improves detection of patients with increased mortality risk: an observational study.

Background: Rapid, adequate treatment is crucial to reduce mortality in sepsis. Risk stratification scores used at emergency departments (ED) are limited in detecting all septic patients with increased mortality risk. We assessed whether the addition of prehospital lactate analysis to clinical risk stratification tools improves detection of patients with increased risk for rapid deterioration and death in sepsis.

Platelet aggregation and thromboelastometry monitoring in women with preeclampsia: a prospective observational study.

Background: Thrombocytopenia affects 12-20% of women with preeclampsia and a low platelet count impairs coagulation. Women with preeclampsia have an increased risk of both cerebral hemorrhage, thromboembolism, and postpartum hemorrhage. Studies of platelet function and coagulation in women with preeclampsia show conflicting results.

Endovascular versus Best Medical Treatment for Acute Carotid Occlusion BelOw Circle of Willis (ACOBOW): The ACOBOW Study.

Background Symptomatic acute occlusions of the internal carotid artery (ICA) below the circle of Willis can cause a variety of stroke symptoms, even if the major intracranial cerebral arteries remain patent; however, outcome and safety data are limited. Purpose To compare treatment effects and procedural safety of endovascular treatment (EVT) and best medical treatment (BMT) in patients with symptomatic acute occlusions of the ICA below the circle of Willis. Materials and Methods This retrospective, multicenter cohort study from 22 comprehensive stroke centers in Europe and Asia includes patients treated between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2022.

Health-related quality of life, lifestyle habits and chronic pain in individuals with knee pain - a 2-year follow-up study.

Introduction: Knee pain increases the risk of developing chronic widespread pain (CWP) and knee osteoarthritis (KOA). The prevalence of CWP and KOA has increased, and there is a need for early prevention. Therefore, the aim was to examine the associations of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and lifestyle habits with chronic pain at a two-year follow-up in individuals with knee pain.

Prevalence, misclassification, and clinical consequences of the heteroresistant phenotype in Escherichia coli bloodstream infections in patients in Uppsala, Sweden: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Antibiotic heteroresistance is a common bacterial phenotype characterised by the presence of small resistant subpopulations within a susceptible population. During antibiotic exposure, these resistant subpopulations can be enriched and potentially lead to treatment failure. In this study, we examined the prevalence, misclassification, and clinical effect of heteroresistance in Escherichia coli bloodstream infections for the clinically important antibiotics cefotaxime, gentamicin, and piperacillin-tazobactam.

Higher plasma total tau concentrations among patients reporting CNS-related side effects from antiseizure medication.

Background: Side effects from antiseizure medication (ASM) are common in epilepsy but biomarkers for detection and monitoring are missing. This study investigated associations between CNS-related side effects from ASM and blood concentrations of the brain injury markers neurofilament-light (NFL), total tau, glial acidic fibrillary protein (GFAP), S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE).

Methods: This is a population-based cohort study of adults with epilepsy recruited from five Swedish outpatient neurology clinics from December 2020 to April 2023.

4D flow cardiac magnetic resonance in pediatric congenital heart disease: Insights from over four years of clinical practice.

Background: Congenital heart diseases (CHDs) are common birth defects. This work presents over four years of clinical experience of 4D flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), highlighting its value for pediatric CHD.

Methods: Children with various CHD diagnoses (n = 298) were examined on a 1.

"Try to keep things going" - Use of various resources to balance between caregiving and other aspects of life: An interview study with informal caregivers of persons living with brain tumors in Sweden.

Purpose: Persons living with brain tumors may experience severe impairment, requiring social support (i.e., informal care).

Hepatic and Pancreatic Cellular Response to Early Life Nutritional Mismatch.

To determine the basis for perinatal nutritional mismatch causing metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and diabetes mellitus, we examined adult phenotype, hepatic transcriptome, and pancreatic β-islet function. In prenatal caloric restricted rat with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and postnatal exposure to high fat with fructose (HFhf) or high carbohydrate (RC), we investigated male and female IUGR-Hfhf and IUGR-RC, versus HFhf and CON offspring. Males more than females displayed adiposity, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, hepatomegaly with hepatic steatosis.

Cardiometabolic risk factors in the Swedish Werlabs cohort based on self-initiated health screening: cohort profile.

Purpose: There is limited research on individuals undergoing self-initiated health examinations, and the Werlabs cohort will be a base for such research.

Participants: All individuals aged 18 or older who had undertaken a self-initiated health examination at Werlabs AB with at least one recorded value of creatinine or cholesterol in Sweden (from 1 January 2015 through 31 December 2023) was included. Medical history and anthropometric measurements were self-reported through an online questionnaire.

Swedish Version of the System Usability Scale: Translation, Adaption, and Psychometric Evaluation.

Background: The Swedish health care system is undergoing a transformation. eHealth technologies are increasingly being used. The System Usability Scale is a widely used tool, offering a standardized and reliable measure for assessing the usability of digital health solutions.