Publications by authors named "Sven Rossel"

The depths of the North Atlantic Ocean host a species-rich fauna providing heterogeneous habitats from thermal vent fields to cold-water coral reefs. With the increasing threat of destruction of deep-sea habitats due to human impacts, such as demersal fishing and the beginning of deep-sea mining, an analysis of the diversity and distribution of species is crucial for conservation efforts. Brittle stars occur in high biomasses, contributing to the biodiversity of the seafloor.

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Proteomic fingerprinting using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry is a well-established tool for identifying microorganisms and has shown promising results for identification of animal species, particularly disease vectors and marine organisms. And thus can be a vital tool for biodiversity assessments in ecological studies. However, few studies have tested species identification across different orders and classes.

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Article Synopsis
  • Identifying cnidarian species is challenging due to vague physical traits and sometimes uninformative genetic markers, necessitating a combination of methods for accuracy.
  • Proteomic fingerprinting using MALDI-TOF mass spectra showed reliable species identification across four cnidarian classes and various life stages, successfully creating species-specific clusters for 23 species.
  • The study found that environmental factors like salinity and developmental stages had minimal impact on proteomic fingerprints, suggesting that reference libraries of adult specimens could effectively aid in identifying juvenile cnidarians from different locations in biodiversity assessments.
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We analysed the robustness of species identification based on proteomic composition to data processing and intraspecific variability, specificity and sensitivity of species-markers as well as discriminatory power of proteomic fingerprinting and its sensitivity to phylogenetic distance. Our analysis is based on MALDI-TOF MS (matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry) data from 32 marine copepod species coming from 13 regions (North and Central Atlantic and adjacent seas). A random forest (RF) model correctly classified all specimens to the species level with only small sensitivity to data processing, demonstrating the strong robustness of the method.

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Species identification is pivotal in biodiversity assessments and proteomic fingerprinting by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry has already been shown to reliably identify calanoid copepods to species level. However, MALDI-TOF data may contain more information beyond mere species identification. In this study, we investigated different ontogenetic stages (copepodids C1-C6 females) of three co-occurring Calanus species from the Arctic Fram Strait, which cannot be identified to species level based on morphological characters alone.

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The crustacean marine isopod species Haploniscus bicuspis (Sars, 1877) shows circum-Icelandic distribution in a wide range of environmental conditions and along well-known geographic barriers, such as the Greenland-Iceland-Faroe (GIF) Ridge. We wanted to explore population genetics, phylogeography and cryptic speciation as well as investigate whether previously described, but unaccepted subspecies have any merit. Using the same set of specimens, we combined mitochondrial COI sequences, thousands of nuclear loci (ddRAD), and proteomic profiles, plus selected morphological characters using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).

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Accurate and reliable biodiversity estimates of marine zooplankton are a prerequisite to understand how changes in diversity can affect whole ecosystems. Species identification in the deep sea is significantly impeded by high numbers of new species and decreasing numbers of taxonomic experts, hampering any assessment of biodiversity. We used in parallel morphological, genetic, and proteomic characteristics of specimens of calanoid copepods from the abyssal South Atlantic to test if proteomic fingerprinting can accelerate estimating biodiversity.

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Article Synopsis
  • Quantifying the spawning biomass of fish is essential for establishing fishing quotas, which relies on accurately identifying fish eggs at the species level.
  • Traditional methods like COI barcoding are time-consuming and costly, prompting the exploration of MALDI-TOF MS as a faster, cheaper alternative for species identification.
  • Using a MALDI-TOF MS reference library created from previously identified fish eggs, the study achieved a 97.5% accurate identification rate for unknown samples, demonstrating the effectiveness of this method while emphasizing the need for optimizing identification scores in such analyses.
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