Direct or indirect energy savings in food and beverage services? Visitors' preferences in hotel restaurants.

Food processing in hotels is one of most energy-intensive activities in the tourism industry. There is an urgent need to reduce energy consumption in hotels to limit their environmental impact. This research aims to assess tourists' preferences for the provision of food that require low energy preparation and to compare them with tourists' preferences for other indirect energy saving options.

Novel Imidazotetrazine Evades Known Resistance Mechanisms and Is Effective against Temozolomide-Resistant Brain Cancer in Cell Culture.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most lethal primary brain tumor. Currently, frontline treatment for primary GBM includes the DNA-methylating drug temozolomide (TMZ, of the imidazotetrazine class), while the optimal treatment for recurrent GBM remains under investigation. Despite its widespread use, a majority of GBM patients do not respond to TMZ therapy; expression of the -methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) enzyme and loss of mismatch repair (MMR) function as the principal clinical modes of resistance to TMZ.

Imidazotetrazines as Weighable Diazomethane Surrogates for Esterifications and Cyclopropanations.

Diazomethane is one of the most versatile reagents in organic synthesis, but its utility is limited by its hazardous nature. Although alternative methods exist to perform the unique chemistry of diazomethane, these suffer from diminished reactivity and/or correspondingly harsher conditions. Herein, we describe the repurposing of imidazotetrazines (such as temozolomide, TMZ, the standard of care for glioblastoma) for use as synthetic precursors of alkyl diazonium reagents.

Enantioselective Synthesis of Isocarbostyril Alkaloids and Analogs Using Catalytic Dearomative Functionalization of Benzene.

Enantioselective total syntheses of the anticancer isocarbostyril alkaloids (+)-7-deoxypancratistatin, (+)-pancratistatin, (+)-lycoricidine, and (+)-narciclasine are described. Our strategy for accessing this unique class of natural products is based on the development of a Ni-catalyzed dearomative trans-1,2-carboamination of benzene. The effectiveness of this dearomatization approach is notable, as only two additional olefin functionalizations are needed to construct the fully decorated aminocyclitol cores of these alkaloids.

Oxygen Starvation Unmasks a Killer.

In this issue of Cell Chemical Biology, Jacobsen et al. (2018) investigate the hypoxia selectivity of two cyclolipodepsipeptide natural products bearing a 4-amido-2,4-pentadienoate warhead. A switch in the cell death pathway under hypoxic conditions is observed, suggesting these electrophilic natural products have potential as a prodrug-free approach for treating hypoxic tumors.

Tunable Stability of Imidazotetrazines Leads to a Potent Compound for Glioblastoma.

Even in the era of personalized medicine and immunotherapy, temozolomide (TMZ), a small molecule DNA alkylating agent, remains the standard-of-care for glioblastoma (GBM). TMZ has an unusual mode-of-action, spontaneously converting to its active component via hydrolysis in vivo. While TMZ has been FDA approved for two decades, it provides little benefit to patients whose tumors express the resistance enzyme MGMT and gives rise to systemic toxicity through myelosuppression.

Predictive compound accumulation rules yield a broad-spectrum antibiotic.

Most small molecules are unable to rapidly traverse the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and accumulate inside these cells, making the discovery of much-needed drugs against these pathogens challenging. Current understanding of the physicochemical properties that dictate small-molecule accumulation in Gram-negative bacteria is largely based on retrospective analyses of antibacterial agents, which suggest that polarity and molecular weight are key factors. Here we assess the ability of over 180 diverse compounds to accumulate in Escherichia coli.

Synthesis of a polymerizable, bivalent glycan mimetic of the HIV envelope spike gp120.

A synthetic study on the creation of a bivalent, ROMP capable monomer has the ability to be polymerized into the corresponding neo-glycopolymer mimetic of the surface glycans on gp120 envelope spike of the HIV virus. In our approach, we have developed a new strategy for orthogonally attaching both the terminal Manα1-2Man disaccharide unit of the D1 arm of Man9GlcNAc2 of HIV gp120 and the terminal Manα1-2 unit of its D2 arm to a bivalent scaffold to produce the corresponding polymerizable monomer. The Manα1-2 saccharide moieties were assembled using a nickel catalyst, Ni(4-F-PhCN)(OTf), to activate trihaloacetimidate donors under mild and operationally simple procedure.

AAHA canine life stage guidelines.

Guidelines are offered to guide the veterinary practitioner in designing a comprehensive, individualized wellness plan for each stage of a dog's life. Life stages are defined by both age and breed characteristics for practical purposes. Each patient visit should use an individualized approach to patient handling, preventive care, and early disease detection.

Barriers to vitamin D supplementation among military physicians.

Objective: We surveyed military pediatricians and family physicians about barriers to vitamin D supplementation.

Methods: We obtained lists of uniformed members of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and American Academy of Family Practice (AAFP). Three hundred individuals were randomly selected from each group and surveyed about: (1) practice habits; (2) vitamin D use and barriers to supplementation; (3) demographic factors.

Clinical features associated with metastasis and recurrence of differentiated thyroid cancer in children, adolescents and young adults.

Objective: Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), including papillary (PTC) and follicular (FTC) variants, is unusual in children and accounts for only 10% of all cases. For that reason, knowledge of the clinical features which predict recurrence is limited. We reviewed 170 cases of childhood DTC to determine if specific clinical or pathological findings were associated with increased risk of recurrence.

The impact of initial surgical management on outcome in young patients with differentiated thyroid cancer.

Background/purpose: It is generally believed that differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) in young patients has an excellent prognosis. This calls into question the need for more extensive surgical ablation of the thyroid gland with attendant risks of surgical complications. The purpose of this report was to investigate both the incidence of surgical morbidity and the impact of surgery on locoregional recurrence of disease.

[Long-term results of anti-reflux surgery of the popliteal vein].

The pathophysiological cause of chronic venous insufficiency with trophic dermal changes is a valvular lesion in the deep and perforating venous system which develops in as many as 72% during recanalization of thrombi. The reduction of reflux by valvuloplasty in the popliteal section with discontinuation of the insufficient perforating vessels (sclerotization) leads promptly not only to marked subjective relief, but on a long-term basis it improves the trophic state of the skin and healing of refractory ulcerations. The technique of valvuloplasty by invagination of the venous wall after its prolongation by the axillary vein with a functional valve rules out venotomy and the use of alien material for suture which would damage the intima, and thus reduces to a minimum the possibility of postoperative thrombosis.

Urgent proctocolectomy in ulcerative colitis.

UC being a typical medical disease is encountered by the surgeon only in the stage of toxic megacolon or in case of severe complication during conservative treatment such as perforation, haemorrhage, obstruction or malignity. The authors operated urgently 6 young women with all these complications performing total proctocolectomy, constructing ileal pouch with complete stapling technique. In spite of high rate of complications the results are promising.

[Comprehensive prevention of postoperative thrombosis].

Thromboembolic disease with its high mortality and morbidity is currently one of the most serious postoperative complications. Its occurrence in high-risk patients in surgical wards is 25-50%. Since 1979, the authors have examined 160 risk patients in whom no prevention had been performed.

[Vulvar varices].

The authors treated in 1983-1993 72 patients with vulvar varicosities who suffered particularly during pregnancy. Typical symptoms are pruritus, pain caused by pressure in the vulvar area and the sensation of prolapse. According to the authors surgical treatment is unnecessary and involves risk.

[Advantages of continuous resorbable mattress sutures in closing extensive laparotomies].

In a group of 170 patients the mean time taken to close the abdominal cavity was 10 minutes, suppuration and fistulation resp. was observed in 2% of patients after 6 weeks. In 1.

[Surgical treatment of ulcerous colitis].

Ulcerative colitis, being a typical medical disease, is encountered by the surgeon only in the stage of toxic megacolon or in case of sever complications during conservative treatment such as perforation, haemorrhage or obstruction. The authors operated six young women where they performed as the only choice total proctocolectomy with formation of an ileal reservoir which was sutured to the rectum stripped of the mucosa. Despite the serious condition at the time of operation, the patients survive the operation, although the percentage of postoperative complications is high, with the exception of one patient who died on the 126th day after operation.

[Mechanical anastomoses in gastrointestinal surgery].

The authors present an account of possibilities to use a mechanical anastomosis by means of staplers in gastrointestinal surgery and the advantages of this procedure. It is a rapid, simple, and above all, reliable technique with a minimal percentage of postoperative complications. Despite the relatively high cost its importance is invaluable in particular in surgery of the oesophagus, cardia and in low resections of the rectum where it is possible to fix a reliable anastomosis up to 2 cm from the linea dentata.

[Detection of leukosis on brown Leghorn chicken farms].

Samples taken on the Brown Leghorn hen farms were tested for the leucosis virus. Out of 21 samples the leucosis virus was present in five cases (24%). Viruses are detectable in chicken embryonic cells, accompanied by transformation and focus formation.