Adulthood consequences of spinal deformity surgeries in neurofibromatosis type 1 patients.

Background: Spinal deformity associated with Neurofibromatosis type1(NF-1) is known to be intractable, and it's surgical outcome is known to be poor. However, it is not clear whether or not patients are able to lead a healthy social life as adults, and we investigated the surgical outcomes of patients who had reached adulthood after surgery.

Methods: Thirty-eight patients (16 males, 22 females) who had undergone spinal deformity surgery and had reached the age of 18 years at last follow up were included.

Association between oral frailty and Prevotella percentage in the oral microbiota of community-dwelling older adults who participated in the CHEER Iwamizawa project, Japan.

Background: Prevotella bacteria are associated with inherent diseases of the oral cavity, such as periodontal disease, and systemic diseases. Oral frailty (OF) has been associated with nursing necessity and death. However, the relationship between OF and oral microbiota has not been fully clarified.

Evaluation of crankshaft phenomenon after posterior fusion for early onset scoliosis using an inverse trigonometric function: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: The crankshaft phenomenon (CSP) is a corrective loss after posterior surgery for early onset scoliosis (EOS). However, an accurate method for CSP evaluation has yet to be developed. In this study, we evaluated pedicle screw (PS) length and rotation angle using an inverse trigonometric function and investigated the prevalence of the CSP.

Instrumentation failure following pediatric spine deformity growth-sparing surgery using traditional growing rods or vertical expandable prosthetic titanium ribs.

Background: Instrumentation failure (IF) is a major complication associated with growth-sparing surgery for pediatric spinal deformities; however, studies focusing on IF following each surgical procedure are lacking. We aimed to evaluate the incidence, timing, and rates of unplanned return to the operating room (UPROR) associated with IF following each surgical procedure in growth-sparing surgeries using traditional growing rods (TGRs) and vertical expandable prosthetic titanium ribs (VEPTRs).

Methods: We reviewed 1,139 surgical procedures documented in a Japanese multicenter database from 2015 to 2017.

Evidence of causality of low body mass index on risk of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a Mendelian randomization study.

Introduction: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a disorder with a three-dimensional spinal deformity and is a common disease affecting 1-5% of adolescents. AIS is also known as a complex disease involved in environmental and genetic factors. A relation between AIS and body mass index (BMI) has been epidemiologically and genetically suggested.

Quantum AI simulator using a hybrid CPU-FPGA approach.

The quantum kernel method has attracted considerable attention in the field of quantum machine learning. However, exploring the applicability of quantum kernels in more realistic settings has been hindered by the number of physical qubits current noisy quantum computers have, thereby limiting the number of features encoded for quantum kernels. Hence, there is a need for an efficient, application-specific simulator for quantum computing by using classical technology.

Evaluation of Lower-Limb Kinematics during Timed Up and Go (TUG) Test in Subjects with Locomotive Syndrome (LS) Using Wearable Gait Sensors (H-Gait System).

Few studies have dealt with lower-limb kinematics during the timed up and go (TUG) test in subjects with locomotive syndrome (LS). This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of lower-limb kinematics during the TUG test in subjects with LS using the wearable sensor-based H-Gait system. A total of 140 participants were divided into the non-LS ( = 28), the LS-stage 1 ( = 78), and LS-stage 2 ( = 34) groups based on the LS risk test.

Incidence and causes of instrument-related complications after primary definitive fusion for pediatric spine deformity.

Objective: Various complications have been reported in the treatment of pediatric spinal deformities. Among these, instrument-related complications could be critical concerns and risks of reoperation. This study aimed to identify the incidence and causes of complications after primary definitive fusion for pediatric spine deformities.

COVID-19-related stress, exercise, and oral health-related quality of life among community-dwelling older adults who participated in the CHEER Iwamizawa project, Japan.

This study examined the association between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related stress, exercise habits, and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in a sample of 215 community-dwelling older adults in Japan (57 men, 158 women; M = 74.2 years, SD = 6.0).

Identification of a Functional Susceptibility Variant for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis that Upregulates Early Growth Response 1 (EGR1)-Mediated UNCX Expression.

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a serious health problem affecting 3% of live births all over the world. Many loci associated with AIS have been identified by previous genome wide association studies, but their biological implication remains mostly unclear. In this study, we evaluated the AIS-associated variants in the 7p22.

Oral frailty and carriage of oral Candida in community-dwelling older adults (Check-up to discover Health with Energy for senior Residents in Iwamizawa; CHEER Iwamizawa).

Objective: To examine the association between oral frailty and oral Candida carriage as a general indicator of deteriorating oral function in older adults.

Background: Older adults exhibit an elevated risk of oral candidiasis caused by Candida. Although many studies have identified factors associated with oral Candida carriage, none have evaluated its relationship with oral function.

Improved Accuracy and Safety of Pedicle Screw Placement by Using a Probe with an Electrical Conductivity-Measuring Device during Severe Syndromic and Neuromuscular Scoliosis Spine Surgery.

An electrical conductivity-measuring device (ECD) has recently been developed to support pedicle screw placement. However, no evidence exists regarding its efficacy for syndromic/neuromuscular scoliosis with extremely difficult screwing. We retrospectively reviewed 2010-2016 medical records of 21 consecutive syndromic/neuromuscular scoliosis patients undergoing free-hand segmental fixation surgery at our institution and compared the pedicle screw insertion accuracy and safety between 10 with a conventional non-ECD probe (2010-2013) and 11 with an ECD probe (2014-2016).

Complications of Posterior Fusion for Atlantoaxial Instability in Children With Down Syndrome.

Objective: To clarify the complications of posterior fusion for atlantoaxial instability (AAI) in children with Down syndrome and to discuss the significance of surgical intervention.

Methods: Twenty pediatric patients with Down syndrome underwent posterior fusion for AAI between February 2000 and September 2018 (age, 6.1 ± 1.

Polygenic Risk Score of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis for Potential Clinical Use.

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a common disease causing three-dimensional spinal deformity in as many as 3% of adolescents. Development of a method that can accurately predict the onset and progression of AIS is an immediate need for clinical practice. Because the heritability of AIS is estimated as high as 87.

The Effects of Static Stretching On Dynamic Postural Control During Maximum Forward Leaning Task.

The purpose of this study was to determine how the application of static stretching to ankle plantar flexors affects postural control during maximum forward leaning. Twenty-six volunteer males (age 21.4 ± 1.

Surgical Outcome of Spinal Fusion for Osteogenesis Imperfecta With Scoliosis: Is the Hybrid System With Pedicle Screws Applicable to Weak, Tiny, and Fragile Vertebrae?

Introduction: Corrective surgery for spinal deformity associated with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is challenging due to the severe and rigid deformity combined with extreme bone fragility. However, surgical outcomes still remain unclear. In addition, the applicability of pedicle screws (PSs) to the tiny and fragile vertebrae in patients with OI is poorly understood.

Surgical Predictors for Prevention of Postoperative Shoulder Imbalance in Lenke Type 2A Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis.

Study Design: Multicenter, retrospective cohort study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence and surgical predictors of postoperative shoulder imbalance (PSI) in Lenke type 2A adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

Summary Of Background Data: Although several studies have investigated the factors influencing PSI in Lenke type 2 curves, no studies have analyzed PSI-related factors considering upper instrumented vertebra (UIV) and lumbar modifier type simultaneously.

Relationship between vaginal group B streptococcus colonization in the early stage of pregnancy and preterm birth: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Although infection and inflammation within the genital tract during pregnancy is considered a major risk factor for spontaneous preterm birth (PTB), there are few studies on association between vaginal microorganisms in the early stage of pregnancy and PTB. The aim of this study was to investigate relationship between vaginal Group B streptococcus (GBS) colonization, a leading cause of infection during pregnancy, in the early stage of pregnancy and PTB.

Methods: This single-center, retrospective cohort study utilized data from 2009 to 2017 obtained at TOYOTA Memorial Hospital.

An algorithm for using deep learning convolutional neural networks with three dimensional depth sensor imaging in scoliosis detection.

Background Context: Timely intervention in growing individuals, such as brace treatment, relies on early detection of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). To this end, several screening methods have been implemented. However, these methods have limitations in predicting the Cobb angle.

Surgical Site Infection Following Primary Definitive Fusion for Pediatric Spinal Deformity: A Multicenter Study of Rates, Risk Factors, and Pathogens.

Study Design: A retrospective multicenter study.

Objective: To determine the surgical site infection (SSI) rate, associated risk factors, and causative pathogens in pediatric patients with spinal deformity.

Summary Of Background Data: There have been no extensive investigations of the risk factors for SSI in Japan.