Publications by authors named "Suzuki Eiji"
It is difficult to distinguish idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD) from immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD). A 47-year-old man was diagnosed with venous thrombosis in the right lower extremity. Multiple lymphadenopathies and splenomegaly were incidentally detected.
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- CEACAM1 is an adhesion molecule important in the immune response, mainly found on neutrophils from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and this study aimed to explore how Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) affect its expression.
- Researchers used neutrophils from healthy subjects and stimulated them with cytokines like TNF-α and GM-CSF, analyzing CEACAM1 expression and protein phosphorylation using flow cytometry and western blot techniques.
- The results showed that JAKi, especially baricitinib, significantly inhibited GM-CSF-induced CEACAM1 expression in neutrophils, suggesting that JAKi can modulate immune responses by affecting key adhesion molecules in neutrophils.
Article Synopsis
- Selenium deficiency is a significant issue for patients with gastrointestinal diseases on long-term central venous nutrition, especially since only injectable selenium is approved in Japan, while oral preparations are prepared in hospitals without proven efficacy or safety.
- A study involving 239 treated and 220 untreated pediatric cases found that an oral selenium preparation can be maintained safely within the upper tolerated dose limit, with no reported adverse effects related to selenium dosage.
- The findings suggest that administering oral selenium at lower doses is effective and safe for managing selenium deficiency in young patients with gastrointestinal issues.
Practice Guidelines for Bipolar Disorder by the JSMD (Japanese Society of Mood Disorders).
Psychiatry Clin Neurosci
November 2024
Article Synopsis
- The Japanese Society of Mood Disorders (JSMD) updated its bipolar disorder treatment guidelines in 2011, incorporating new research and aligning with the National Academy of Medicine's standards.
- The guidelines advocate for the use of combination therapy involving mood stabilizers and second-generation antipsychotics, recognizing their effectiveness in treatment.
- However, they face limitations, as mood stabilizers and antipsychotics were grouped together in analysis due to limited specific evidence for individual drugs, yet still offer valuable clinical support for psychiatrists in Japan.
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- Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors are common treatments for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but patients with certain risk factors may experience more side effects, like serious cardiovascular issues and infections.
- This study evaluated 184 RA patients who started JAKi treatment to analyze drug retention rates and the impact of adverse effects on patient outcomes.
- Results showed that higher RA disease activity and the use of pan-JAK inhibitors were linked to lower drug retention rates, with many patients stopping treatment due to ineffectiveness or adverse effects.
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- Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM) is a heart condition that mimics acute coronary syndrome, often with a generally good prognosis but potential severe complications, especially after electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).
- The case involves a 61-year-old man with major depressive disorder who developed TCM after his third ECT session, experiencing chest pain and shortness of breath, but remained stable.
- After confirming that his heart function normalized, ECT was successfully reinitiated 14 days later, leading to significant improvement in his depression without any recurrence of TCM.
This study aimed to compare the incidence rates (IRs) of infections, including herpes zoster (HZ), in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients treated with Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKis) or interleukin-6 inhibitors (IL-6is). We retrospectively analyzed 444 RA patients treated using IL-6is ( = 283) or JAKis ( = 161). After adjusting for clinical characteristic imbalances by propensity score matching (PSM), we compared the IRs of infections including HZ between the JAKi and IL-6i groups.
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- Physical reservoir computing offers a way to speed up AI computations by using physical systems that have nonlinear and fading-memory characteristics.
- There is a high demand for physical reservoirs that are easy to integrate for edge AI computing, but creating high-performing and highly integrable reservoirs remains tough.
- This study introduces an analogue circuit reservoir with a simple architecture designed for CMOS chip integration, demonstrating strong prediction performance and memory capacity in tests with both synthetic and real-world data, indicating potential for advanced AI accelerators.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigated the safety and effectiveness of ultra-hypofractionated whole-breast irradiation (WBI) in Japanese women with early-stage breast cancer after breast-conserving surgery.
- A total of 28 patients were enrolled, and the interim analysis focused on identifying acute adverse events (AEs) within three months post-treatment.
- Results showed that most AEs were mild, with no severe reactions; only one patient experienced moderate radiation dermatitis, suggesting that the treatment is safe and the study can continue.
Article Synopsis
- Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is difficult to treat due to its diverse nature, leading to challenges in predicting patient outcomes.
- This study analyzed blood cytokine levels in TNBC patients at various treatment stages, identifying five key cytokines associated with better clinical responses.
- The research concluded that monitoring these cytokine profiles could enhance understanding of immune activity in patients and improve predictions for treatment success, contributing to personalized medicine efforts.
Article Synopsis
- Some immune molecules like Nogo ligands and their receptor NgR1 are involved in regulating neuronal connections and may affect brain plasticity.
- The study investigates how stress and antidepressant treatments can change the expression of Nogo signaling proteins in the rat hippocampus, showing that stress increases NgR1 and PirB levels.
- Results suggest that increased Nogo signaling could decrease neural plasticity under stress, while treatments like electroconvulsive seizure and ketamine help restore it by lowering NgR1 expression.
Article Synopsis
- The study assessed the effectiveness of belimumab (BLM) in treating Japanese patients with moderate to high systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) across 129 participants over a follow-up period of 17 months.
- Results demonstrated a significant reduction in the SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI-2K) score and a decrease in daily prednisone dosage for the BLM group, although flare-free survival rates showed no significant difference compared to mycophenolate mofetil (MMF).
- Additionally, a comparison with intravenous cyclophosphamide (IV-CY) indicated no significant differences in flare-free survival or SLEDAI-2K score decline, suggesting BLM could be a viable
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigated the impact of adding cisplatin (CDDP) to preoperative chemotherapy for patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), comparing its effects to a group that did not receive CDDP.
- - A total of 138 previously untreated TNBC patients were analyzed, with the CDDP group showing significantly improved distant disease-free survival (DDFS) rates compared to the non-CDDP group.
- - The findings suggest that CDDP-containing regimens could improve outcomes for operable TNBC patients, particularly those with higher residual cancer burden, indicating a need for further confirmation in future studies.
Article Synopsis
- Chemotherapy drugs like doxorubicin and abemaciclib induce senescence in breast cancer cells, but how they affect pH levels in these cells is not well understood.
- The protein ATP6AP2 is essential for keeping pH balanced in cells, and a decrease in this protein leads to abnormal pH levels that disrupt lysosomal function and change immune responses.
- The study shows that ATP6AP2 influences pH regulation and is linked to changes in immune profiles when breast cancer cells undergo therapy-induced senescence, shedding light on the underlying mechanisms of cellular responses to cancer treatment.
Reducing the use of psychotropics in a convalescent rehabilitation ward.
Neuropsychopharmacol Rep
March 2024
Aims: Many patients who are transferred to the convalescent rehabilitation ward of Kawasaki Kokoro Hospital (hereinafter, our hospital) are on psychotropics prescribed for delirium by their physicians at acute care hospitals. In this study, psychiatrists and pharmacists collaborated with rehabilitation physicians to reduce the use of psychotropics.
Methods: The basic information and psychotropics prescription statuses of 88 patients discharged from the convalescent rehabilitation ward of our hospital between April 1, 2021 and March 31, 2022 were derived from their medical records.
Background: The ORAL Surveillance trial showed a potentially higher incidence of malignancy and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) associated with tofacitinib than those associated with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors (TNFis). However, few studies have compared the safety of non-TNFis or other Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors (JAKis). This study was aimed at comparing the incidence rates (IRs) of malignancies and MACEs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treated using interleukin-6 (IL-6) inhibitors (IL-6is) or JAKis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that leads to a wide spectrum of clinical and immunological abnormalities. Hematologic abnormalities are an important manifestation of SLE. The incidence of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) has been reported in approximately 10% of patients with SLE.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To determine whether drug-induced lymphocytopenia is associated with drug retention rates of JAKi (tofacitinib or baricitinib) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.
Methods: Patients with RA who were initiated with tofacitinib ( = 38) or baricitinib ( = 74) between July 2015 and July 2022 and continued for at least 4 months were enrolled in this study. Absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) value was obtained pre-treatment and monthly after initiation of JAKi (up to 4 months).
Article Synopsis
- A study investigated the real-world effectiveness and safety of Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKis) in older patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), focusing on those aged 65 and above.
- 133 patients were divided into "very elderly" (≥75 years) and "elderly" (65-74 years) groups to compare drug retention rates.
- Results showed similar discontinuation rates due to adverse events and effectiveness in both age groups, with factors like chronic lung disease impacting these rates, and lower retention in patients receiving the approved dose of JAKis compared to those on reduced doses.
Article Synopsis
- - A multicenter study aimed to validate the preparation method for ensuring the quality of crushed and diluted medications (baclofen, clonidine, and hydrocortisone) for children, focusing on methods of preparation from tablets.
- - The study involved preparing the medications under various conditions at five hospitals, then evaluating their stability, drug release, and consistency after being stored in different packaging for 120 days.
- - Results showed that all medications maintained 90-110% of their initial potency and consistent dissolution rates over the storage period, suggesting that the preparation method can enhance quality assurance in pediatric medications.
Article Synopsis
- Recent studies show that cancer mutations can evolve in normal tissues, which may lead to cancer development, but we still need to understand the sequence of events that trigger this transformation.
- By analyzing samples from both cancerous and non-cancerous lesions, researchers identified specific evolutionary pathways in breast cancers with a common mutation (der(1;16)), revealing a timeline from early puberty to late adolescence before cancer clones emerged.
- The research indicates that multiple independent cancer clones can arise from non-cancerous ancestors within the breast tissue, leading to varied tumor characteristics, and highlights the influence of local environments on cancer development.
Article Synopsis
- Bipolar disorder is a mental illness marked by alternating episodes of depression and mania, with varying symptoms and periods of remission for each patient.
- Treatment typically involves medications like lithium carbonate and valproate, with recent trends including the use of lamotrigine and atypical antipsychotics such as aripiprazole and quetiapine.
- While monotherapy is the standard, many patients may receive a combination of treatments in practice to manage their symptoms effectively.
Article Synopsis
- * An 80-year-old man exhibited symptoms like new headaches and jaw pain, and was ultimately diagnosed with TA, but treatment with high-dose steroids did not alleviate his severe gastrointestinal symptoms.
- * While a new medication helped reduce some of his digestive issues, unfortunately, the patient died due to intestinal perforation, emphasizing the need for thorough investigation of gastrointestinal symptoms in similar patients.
Objectives: Methotrexate (MTX) is associated with extensive side effects, including myelosuppression, interstitial pneumonia, and infection. It is, therefore, critical to establish whether its administration is required after achieving remission with tocilizumab (TCZ) and MTX combination therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Therefore, the aim of this multicenter, observational, cohort study was to evaluate the feasibility of MTX discontinuation for the safety of these patients.
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