Ganaxolone: A New Treatment for Neonatal Seizures.

Neonatal seizures are amongst the most common neurologic conditions managed by a neonatal care service. Seizures can exacerbate existing brain injury, induce "de novo" injury, and are associated with neurodevelopmental disabilities in post-neonatal life. In this mini-review, we present evidence in support of the use of ganaxolone, a GABA agonist neurosteroid, as a novel neonatal therapy.

Correction: Single Sustained Inflation followed by Ventilation Leads to Rapid Cardiorespiratory Recovery but Causes Cerebral Vascular Leakage in Asphyxiated Near-Term Lambs.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Single Sustained Inflation followed by Ventilation Leads to Rapid Cardiorespiratory Recovery but Causes Cerebral Vascular Leakage in Asphyxiated Near-Term Lambs.

Background: A sustained inflation (SI) rapidly restores cardiac function in asphyxic, bradycardic newborns but its effects on cerebral haemodynamics and brain injury are unknown. We determined the effect of different SI strategies on carotid blood flow (CaBF) and cerebral vascular integrity in asphyxiated near-term lambs.

Methods: Lambs were instrumented and delivered at 139 ± 2 d gestation and asphyxia was induced by delaying ventilation onset.

Unraveling the Links Between the Initiation of Ventilation and Brain Injury in Preterm Infants.

The initiation of ventilation in the delivery room is one of the most important but least controlled interventions a preterm infant will face. Tidal volumes (V T) used in the neonatal intensive care unit are carefully measured and adjusted. However, the V Ts that an infant receives during resuscitation are usually unmonitored and highly variable.

Experimental modelling of the consequences of brief late gestation asphyxia on newborn lamb behaviour and brain structure.

Brief but severe asphyxia in late gestation or at the time of birth may lead to neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy and is associated with long-term neurodevelopmental impairment. We undertook this study to examine the consequences of transient in utero asphyxia in late gestation fetal sheep, on the newborn lamb after birth. Surgery was undertaken at 125 days gestation for implantation of fetal catheters and placement of a silastic cuff around the umbilical cord.

Human amnion epithelial cells reduce ventilation-induced preterm lung injury in fetal sheep.

Objective: The objective of the study was to explore whether human amnion epithelial cells (hAECs) can mitigate ventilation-induced lung injury.

Study Design: An established in utero ovine model of ventilation-induced lung injury was used. At day 110 of gestation, singleton fetal lambs either had sham in utero ventilation (IUV) (n = 4), 12 hours of IUV alone (n = 4), or 12 hours of IUV and hAEC administration (n = 5).