What's the CATCH? A Participatory Learning Model for Case Review Rounds to Support a Culture of Safety and Quality Improvement in Pediatric Hospital Medicine.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a new model, Case Analysis and Translation to Care in Hospital (CATCH), for the review of pediatric inpatient cases when an adverse event or "close call" had occurred.

Study Design: The curricular intervention consisted of an introductory podcast/workshop, mentorship of presenters, and monthly CATCH rounds over 16 months. The study was conducted with 22 pediatricians at a single tertiary care center.

Risk factors for severe PCR-positive SARS-CoV-2 infection in hospitalised children.

Objective: To identify risk factors for severe disease in children hospitalised for SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Design: Multicentre retrospective cohort study.

Setting: 18 hospitals in Canada, Iran and Costa Rica from 1 February 2020 to 31 May 2021.

SARS-CoV-2 infection in technology-dependent children: a multicenter case series.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to describe the clinical course and outcomes in children with technology dependence (TD) hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Methods: Seventeen pediatric hospitals (15 Canadian and one each in Iran and Costa Rica) included children up to 17 years of age admitted February 1, 2020, through May 31, 2021, with detection of SARS-CoV-2. For those with TD, data were collected on demographics, clinical course and outcome.

Thrombosis and hemorrhage experienced by hospitalized children with SARS-CoV-2 infection or MIS-C: Results of the PICNIC registry.

Introduction: Coagulopathy and thrombosis associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection are well defined in hospitalized adults and leads to adverse outcomes. Pediatric studies are limited.

Methods: An international multicentered (n = 15) retrospective registry collected information on the clinical manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 and multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) in hospitalized children from February 1, 2020 through May 31, 2021.

Predictors of severe illness in children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome after SARS-CoV-2 infection: a multicentre cohort study.

Background: SARS-CoV-2 infection can lead to multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). We sought to investigate risk factors for admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) and explored changes in disease severity over time.

Methods: We obtained data from chart reviews of children younger than 18 years with confirmed or probable MIS-C who were admitted to 15 hospitals in Canada, Iran and Costa Rica between Mar.

Infants hospitalized for acute COVID-19: disease severity in a multicenter cohort study.

Age is the most important determinant of COVID-19 severity. Infectious disease severity by age is typically J-shaped, with infants and the elderly carrying a high burden of disease. We report on the comparative disease severity between infants and older children in a multicenter retrospective cohort study of children 0 to 17 years old admitted for acute COVID-19 from February 2020 through May 2021 in 17 pediatric hospitals.

Current practices and policies regarding the use of high-flow nasal cannula on general pediatric inpatient wards in Canada.

Objectives: High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy has become a common treatment for respiratory conditions in children. To our knowledge, no study has described practice patterns for HFNC on pediatric inpatient wards in Canada. The aim of this study was to survey current practices and policies regarding the use of HFNC on the ward in children's hospitals in Canada.

Preparedness to practice paediatric hospital medicine.

Background: The field of paediatric hospital medicine (PHM) is evolving to meet the needs of an increasingly complex paediatric population, lead quality improvement initiatives, and conduct field-specific teaching and research. Over 50 subspecialty PHM fellowship programs exist in the USA and Canada and more are under active development to ensure trainees are prepared to perform competencies specific to the field following transition to independent practice.

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the perceived preparedness of recently graduated general paediatric residents and recently certified staff paediatricians in Canada with respect to the practice of PHM.

When Differing Perspectives Between Health Care Providers and Parents Lead to "Communication Crises": A Conceptual Framework to Support Prevention and Navigation in the Pediatric Hospital Setting.

Objectives: The communication experience and therapeutic relationships between parents and health care providers (HCPs) impacts the quality of patient care. A guiding "communication crisis" description was created to encourage study participants to describe difficult communication encounters between parents and HCPs where their perspectives regarding the recommended patient care conflicted (ie, parent refusal of a lumbar puncture), which created barriers to the provision of optimal care and the development of therapeutic relationships in the pediatric hospital setting. The purpose of this research was to highlight factors that may contribute to communication crises through the characterization of these circumstances.

Evolutions in clinical reasoning assessment: The Evolving Script Concordance Test.

Introduction: Script concordance testing (SCT) is a method of assessment of clinical reasoning. We developed a new type of SCT case design, the evolving SCT (E-SCT), whereby the patient's clinical story is "evolving" and with thoughtful integration of new information at each stage, decisions related to clinical decision-making become increasingly clear.

Objectives: We aimed to: (1) determine whether an E-SCT could differentiate clinical reasoning ability among junior residents (JR), senior residents (SR), and pediatricians, (2) evaluate the reliability of an E-SCT, and (3) obtain qualitative feedback from participants to help inform the potential acceptability of the E-SCT.

Transforming Medical Assessment: Integrating Uncertainty Into the Evaluation of Clinical Reasoning in Medical Education.

In an age where practicing physicians have access to an overwhelming volume of clinical information and are faced with increasingly complex medical decisions, the ability to execute sound clinical reasoning is essential to optimal patient care. The authors propose two concepts that are philosophically paramount to the future assessment of clinical reasoning in medicine: assessment in the context of "uncertainty" (when, despite all of the information that is available, there is still significant doubt as to the best diagnosis, investigation, or treatment), and acknowledging that it is entirely possible (and reasonable) to have more than "one correct answer." The purpose of this article is to highlight key elements related to these two core concepts and discuss genuine barriers that currently exist on the pathway to creating such assessments.

Justify Your Answer: The Role of Written Think Aloud in Script Concordance Testing.

Unlabelled: Construct: Clinical reasoning assessment is a growing area of interest in the medical education literature. Script concordance testing (SCT) evaluates clinical reasoning in conditions of uncertainty and has emerged as an innovative tool in the domain of clinical reasoning assessment. SCT quantifies the degree of concordance between a learner and an experienced clinician and attempts to capture the breadth of responses of expert clinicians, acknowledging the significant yet acceptable variation in practice under situations of uncertainty.

Development of a team performance scale to assess undergraduate health professionals.

Purpose: Interprofessional simulation-based team training is strongly endorsed as a potential solution for improving teamwork in health care delivery. Unfortunately, there are few teamwork evaluation instruments. The present study developed and tested the psychometric characteristics of the newly developed KidSIM Team Performance Scale checklist.