Adverse childhood experiences and cognitive disability in the 2019 United States behavioral risk factor surveillance system.

A growing number of studies have found associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and adult well-being, with disparities between subpopulations. Limited research exists about the association between ACEs and cognitive disability, and variations by race and ethnicity. This study reports a cross-sectional analysis of 2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data (n = 93 692) conducted in 2021.

The US Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program - Education improves nutrition-related behaviors.

The aim of this study was to measure whether participating in Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program - Education (SNAP-Ed) interventions is associated with changes in meeting recommendations for healthy eating and food resource management behaviours, such as shopping, among low-income children, adolescents, and adults in eight states in the US Southeast. The study used a one-group pre-test post-test design, analysing aggregate data on nutrition and shopping behaviours collected during Federal Fiscal Year 17 from SNAP-Ed direct education in community settings. Twenty-five implementing agencies in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Tennessee provided aggregated data on program participants.

Implementation of the First US Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Tax in Berkeley, CA, 2015-2019.

To identify lessons learned from implementation of the nation's first sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) excise tax in 2015 in Berkeley, California. We interviewed city stakeholders and SSB distributors and retailers (n = 48) from June 2015 to April 2017 and analyzed records through January 2019. Lessons included the importance of thorough and timely communications with distributors and retailers, adequate lead time for implementation, advisory commissions for revenue allocations, and funding of staff, communications, and evaluation before tax collection begins.

Time to Modernize: Local Public Health Transitions to Population-Level Interventions.

Objectives: To identify facilitating factors that guide local health departments (LHDs) in their transition from direct clinical service provision to population-level interventions addressing the social determinants of health.

Design: Key informant interviews with LHD leaders and their staff were conducted using a semistructured interview guide. Thematic qualitative analysis was used to identify common characteristics and strategies among the LHD leaders and staff.

Core Metrics Pilot Project: A Case Study.

Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text.

Association of Paid Sick Leave Laws With Foodborne Illness Rates.

Introduction: Previous studies suggest an association between paid sick leave (PSL) and better population health, including fewer infectious and nosocomial gastrointestinal disease outbreaks. Yet few studies examine whether laws requiring employers to offer PSL demonstrate a similar association. This mixed-methods study examined whether laws requiring employers to provide PSL are associated with decreased foodborne illness rates, particularly laws that are more supportive of employees taking leave.

Changes in prices, sales, consumer spending, and beverage consumption one year after a tax on sugar-sweetened beverages in Berkeley, California, US: A before-and-after study.

Background: Taxes on sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) meant to improve health and raise revenue are being adopted, yet evaluation is scarce. This study examines the association of the first penny per ounce SSB excise tax in the United States, in Berkeley, California, with beverage prices, sales, store revenue/consumer spending, and usual beverage intake.

Methods And Findings: Methods included comparison of pre-taxation (before 1 January 2015) and first-year post-taxation (1 March 2015-29 February 2016) measures of (1) beverage prices at 26 Berkeley stores; (2) point-of-sale scanner data on 15.

The relationship between food insecurity and overweight/obesity differs by birthplace and length of US residence.

Objective: To examine whether the cross-sectional association between food insecurity and overweight/obesity varied according to birthplace and length of residence in the USA among California women.

Design: Using cross-sectional, population-based data from the California Women's Health Survey (CWHS) 2009-2012, we examined whether the association between food insecurity and overweight or obesity varied by birthplace-length of US residence.

Setting: California, USA.

Age, period, and cohort effects in adult lifetime asthma prevalence in California: an application of hierarchical age-period-cohort analysis.

Purpose: Using 27 years of survey data, the contributions of age, period, and cohort effects on the increase in adult lifetime asthma prevalence in California were examined.

Methods: Lifetime asthma diagnosis for adults was assessed in 1984-1992 and 1995-2011 through the California Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, an annual, cross-sectional, population-based survey (n = 144,100). Using date of survey and date of birth, we classified 18,305 adult respondents with lifetime asthma into 7 age groups, 6 periods, and 17 cohorts.

Support for Policies to Improve the Nutritional Impact of the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program in California.

The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) provides a vital buffer against hunger and poverty for 47.6 million Americans. Using 2013 California Dietary Practices Survey data, we assessed support for policies to strengthen the nutritional influence of SNAP.

Prevalence of medical marijuana use in California, 2012.

Introduction And Aims: The US Drug Enforcement Agency classifies marijuana as an illegal substance, yet in 22 states marijuana is legal for medicinal use. In 1996, California legalised the use of marijuana for medicinal purposes, but population-based data describing medical marijuana users in the state has not been available. Our aim was to examine the demographic differences between users and non-users of medical marijuana in California utilising population-based data.

Chronic disease burden among cancer survivors in the California Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2009-2010.

Purpose: The California Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System estimates that 56.6 % of cancer survivors report ever being diagnosed with a chronic disease. Few studies have assessed potential variability in comorbidity by cancer type.

Current depression among women in California according to residence in the California-Mexico border region.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of current depression; examine the relationship between current depression and immigration, health status, health care access, and health behaviors; and assess differences by California-Mexico border region (Imperial and San Diego Counties) among women in California.

Methods: Using a cross-sectional, representative sample of adult women from the California Women's Health Survey (n = 13 454), a statewide telephone survey, prevalence of current depression and predictors of depression were examined in California and according to border region residence. Depression was assessed with the eight-item Patient Health Questionnaire.