Alterations in Child Feeding Behavior: An Underrecognized Clinical Complication of Food Allergy.

Background: Food allergy (FA) affects around 5.6 million children in the United States, conferring risk for negative impacts on growth and psychosocial functioning. While evidence suggests a higher prevalence of feeding difficulties in children with FA, the link between FA and feeding dysfunction remains unclear.

Trajectory of Infant Problematic Feeding Symptoms: Study Protocol.

Background: Infants with developmental risk factors are more likely to have feeding problems and develop chronic feeding disorders. Early detection and understanding of the progression of problematic feeding and its relationship with a child's biological functioning and the family feeding environment will enhance effective symptom management and development of interventions to prevent pediatric feeding disorders.

Objectives: The New Through Two (NewThru2) feeding study protocol is described.

CROSS-CULTURAL ADAPTATION AND LINGUISTIC VALIDATION OF THE TRANSLATED ARABIC REVISED BREASTFEEDING ATTRITION PREDICTION TOOL.

The diversity of populations across the globe and the need to better compare research findings make it imperative to validate research instruments across cultures. The purpose is to systematically describe the translation and the cross-cultural validation of the Revised-Breastfeeding Attrition Prediction Tool from English to Arabic. The process of cross-cultural validation included (a) translation and linguistic validation: forward- and back-translations; (b) expert evaluation using content validity index (CVI); (c) cognitive interviews (CIs), and (d) pilot testing with postpartum mothers.

Sleep-Wake States and Feeding Progression in Preterm Infants.

Background: Previous studies demonstrated a short-term relationship between infant sleep-wake states and oral feeding performance, with state being an indication of infants' neurobehavioral readiness for feeding. However, the relationship between sleep-wake states and feeding skills has not been evaluated longitudinally during hospitalization.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine preterm infants' sleep-wake state developmental trajectories and their associations with feeding progression during hospitalization.

The Golden Hour: a quality improvement initiative for extremely premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Background: Following delivery, extremely premature infants are vulnerable to rapid development of hypothermia and hypoglycemia. To reduce local rates of these morbidities, a multidisciplinary team developed a protocol standardizing evidence-based care practices during the first hour after birth.

Methods: Using quality improvement methodology, the Golden Hour protocol was implemented for all inborn infants <27 weeks' gestation.

Neonatal Eating Assessment Tool-Breastfeeding: Reference Values for Infants Less Than 7 Months old.

Background: The Neonatal Eating Assessment Tool-Breastfeeding is a valid and reliable 62-item parent-report assessment of symptoms of problematic breastfeeding behavior intended for infants less than 7 months old.

Research Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the Neonatal Eating Assessment Tool-Breastfeeding total score and subscale scores within a sample of full-term, healthy, typically-developing infants under 7 months old.

Methods: Parents of healthy, full-term breastfeeding infants ( = 475) less than 7 months old completed the Neonatal Eating Assessment Tool - Breastfeeding through an online survey.

Neonatal Eating Assessment Tool - Mixed Breastfeeding and Bottle-Feeding (NeoEAT - Mixed Feeding): factor analysis and psychometric properties.

Background: Early identification of feeding difficulty in infancy is critical to supporting breastfeeding and ensuring optimal nutrition for brain development. The Neonatal Eating Assessment Tool (NeoEAT) is a parent-report assessment that currently has two versions: NeoEAT - Breastfeeding and NeoEAT - Bottle-feeding for use in breast and bottle-fed infants, respectively. There are currently no valid and reliable parent-report measures to assess feeding through a combination of both breast and bottle delivery.

Neonatal Eating Assessment Tool-Bottle-Feeding: Norm-Reference Values for Infants Less Than 7 Months Old.

The Neonatal Eating Assessment Tool (NeoEAT)-Bottle-feeding is a parent-report assessment of bottle-feeding behavior in infants less than 7 months old with evidence of validity and reliability. The purpose of this study was to establish norm-reference values to guide score interpretation and clinical decision making. Parents of 478 healthy, typically developing infants completed the NeoEAT-Bottle-feeding.

Symptoms of Feeding Problems in Preterm-born Children at 6 Months to 7 Years Old.

Objectives: Describe symptoms of feeding problems in children born very preterm (<32 weeks gestation) and moderate to late preterm (32-37 weeks gestation) compared to children born full-term; explore the contribution of medical risk factors to problematic feeding symptoms.

Methods: The sample included 57 very preterm, 199 moderate to late preterm, and 979 full-term born children ages 6 months to 7 years. Symptoms of feeding problems were assessed using the Pediatric Eating Assessment Tool and compared between groups after accounting for the child's age and/or sex.

Psychometric Properties of the Early Feeding Skills Assessment Tool.

Background: Supporting infants as they develop feeding skills is an essential component of neonatal and pediatric care. Selecting appropriate and supportive interventions begins with a thorough assessment of the infant's skills. The Early Feeding Skills (EFS) tool is a clinician-reported instrument developed to assess the emergence of early feeding skills and identify domains in need of intervention.

Systematic Review: What Is the Evidence for the Side-Lying Position for Feeding Preterm Infants?

Background: Side-lying position is an increasingly common feeding strategy used by parents, nurses, and feeding therapists to support oral feeding in preterm infants. Better understanding of the research evidence on the effect of the side-lying position will help clinicians make informed decisions and guide future research in this important area.

Purpose: To identify and summarize the available evidence on the effect of side-lying position on oral feeding outcomes in preterm infants.

Age-based norm-reference values for the Pediatric Eating Assessment Tool.

Background And Objectives: Differentiating problematic feeding from variations of typical behavior is a challenge for pediatric providers. The Pediatric Eating Assessment Tool (PediEAT) is a parent-report measure of symptoms of problematic feeding in children 6 months to 7 years old with evidence of reliability and validity. This study aimed to determine age-based, norm-referenced values for the PediEAT.

Factor Structure and Psychometric Properties of the Neonatal Eating Assessment Tool-Bottle-Feeding (NeoEAT-Bottle-Feeding).

Background: Feeding difficulties are common in infancy. There are currently no valid and reliable parent-report measures to assess bottle-feeding in infants younger than 7 months. The Neonatal Eating Assessment Tool (NeoEAT)-Bottle-feeding has been developed and content validated.

Factor Structure and Psychometric Properties of the Neonatal Eating Assessment Tool-Breastfeeding.

The purpose of this study was to identify the factor structure of the Neonatal Eating Assessment Tool-Breastfeeding (NeoEAT-Breastfeeding) and to assess its psychometric properties, including internal consistency reliability, test-retest reliability, and construct validity as measured by concurrent and known-groups validity. Exploratory factor analysis conducted on responses from 402 parents of breastfeeding infants younger than 7 months old showed a 62-item measure with seven subscales and acceptable internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's α = .92).

Age-based norm-reference values for the Child Oral and Motor Proficiency Scale.

Aim: To determine reference values for the Child Oral and Motor Proficiency Scale (ChOMPS) based on healthy, typically developing and typically eating children between six months and seven years old.

Methods: Parents of children six months to seven years old (n = 1057) completed the 63-item ChOMPS. Median, range, 5th and 10th percentiles were calculated for scores on the four subscales of the ChOMPS as well as the total score in each of 11 age groups.

"It's a Long-Term Process": Description of Daily Family Life When a Child Has a Feeding Disorder.

Pediatric feeding problems occur in 25% of the general pediatric population and up to 80% of those who have developmental delays. When feeding problems place the child at nutritional risk, families are typically encouraged to increase their child's intake. Family mealtime can become a battle, which further reinforces problematic feeding behaviors from the child and intensifies well-intentioned but unguided parental mealtime efforts.

The Neonatal Eating Assessment Tool: Development and Content Validation.

Purpose: To develop and content validate the Neonatal Eating Assessment Tool (NeoEAT), a parent-report measure of infant feeding.

Design: The NeoEAT was developed in three phases. Phase 1: Items were generated from a literature review, available assessment tools, and parents' descriptions of problematic feeding in infants.

The Pediatric Eating Assessment Tool: Factor Structure and Psychometric Properties.

Objectives: The Pediatric Eating Assessment Tool (PediEAT) is a parent-report instrument developed to assess symptoms of feeding problems in children aged 6 months to 7 years. The purpose of this study was to identify the factor structure of the PediEAT and test its psychometric properties, including internal consistency reliability, temporal stability, and construct validity.

Methods: Participants included 567 parents of children aged 6 months to 7 years.

Heart Rate Variability as a Feeding Intervention Outcome Measure in the Preterm Infant.

Background: Feeding interventions for preterm infants aim to reduce the physiologic stress of feeding to promote growth. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a potential noninvasive measure of physiologic stress that may be useful for evaluating efficacy of feeding interventions.

Purpose: To evaluate whether HRV is a sensitive measure of physiologic stress compared with standard physiologic outcomes in the context of a feeding intervention study.

Feeding problems in infancy and early childhood: evolutionary concept analysis.

Aim: The aim of this study was to report an analysis of the concept of pediatric feeding problems.

Background: Reviews of the literature on pediatric feeding problems and disorders repeatedly reference the lack of a shared conceptualization of feeding problems. It is difficult to track aetiology, prevalence and incidence of a phenomenon when available definitions and diagnoses lack practical utility.

Postdischarge Feeding Interactions and Neurodevelopmental Outcome at 1-Year Corrected Gestational Age.

Objective: To determine the extent to which postdischarge feeding behaviors and interactions among caregiver-preterm infant dyads are associated with infant neurodevelopment at 1-year corrected gestational age (CGA).

Study Design: We studied 119 preterm infants born <34 weeks gestation and <1750 g at birth, and their caregivers, enrolled in the Collaborative Home Infant Monitoring Evaluation with in-person feeding assessments according to the Nursing Child Assessment Feeding Scale (NCAFS) at 39-59 weeks postmenstrual age that completed Bayley Scales of Infant Development, Second Edition testing at 1 year CGA.

Results: Mean ± SD gestational age was 29.

Implementing Co-Regulated Feeding with Mothers of Preterm Infants.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe implementation of the Co-Regulated Feeding Intervention (CoReg), when provided by mothers and guided by intervention nurses trained in methods of guided participation (GP). Co-regulated feeding intervention aims to prevent stress during feeding and ease the challenge very preterm (VP) infants experience coordinating breathing and swallowing during the early months. Guided participation is a participatory learning method to guide the complex learning required for mothers.

Milk Flow Rates from bottle nipples used after hospital discharge.

Purpose: To test the milk flow rates and variability in flow rates of bottle nipples used after hospital discharge.

Study Design And Methods: Twenty-six nipple types that represented 15 common brands as well as variety in price per nipple and store location sold (e.g.

Effects of milk flow on the physiological and behavioural responses to feeding in an infant with hypoplastic left heart syndrome.

Infants with hypoplastic left heart syndrome often experience difficulty with oral feeding, which contributes to growth failure, morbidity, and mortality. In response to feeding difficulty, clinicians often change the bottle nipple, and thus milk flow rate. Slow-flow nipples have been found to reduce the stress of feeding in other fragile infants, but no research has evaluated the responses of infants with hypoplastic left heart syndrome to alterations in milk flow.