Impact of Just-in-Time TeamSTEPPS Training on Team Performance in a Pediatric Escape Room Interprofessional Experience.

Objective: To compare differences in observed and self-reported team dynamics between those who received versus those who did not receive TeamSTEPPS training prior to an interprofessional escape room scenario.

Methods: Final-year pharmacy (N = 27) and physician assistant (N = 88) students participated in an escape room featuring pediatric dosing, asthma, otitis media, type 1 diabetes, and vaccine fundamentals. In total, 29 teams were randomized to control (14) or intervention arm (15).

Using Emotional Intelligence as a Framework for Students' Professional Identity Formation.

Emotional intelligence and professional identity formation (PIF) intersect at various levels. Professional identity formation requires acute observation of others in the profession and the ability to decipher intentionality in behaviors. The developing pharmacist must make a deliberate effort to emulate positive norms and values that coincide with those associated with the profession while deliberately ignoring those that are incongruent.

Training pharmacy students to deliver bad news using the SPIKES model.

Background And Purpose: Delivery of bad news or negative health information is a complex skill critical to the provision of patient care. While counseling models with this focus exist within other health care professions, their use in pharmacy education is lacking. The purpose of this study is to assess pharmacy students' ability to deliver bad news with the implementation of a counseling model titled SPIKES (Setting, Perception, Invitation, Knowledge, Emotions with Empathy, and Strategy/Summary).

Social and Emotional Development in a Telehealth-Based Ambulatory Care Skills Course.

To determine the impact of telehealth-based simulations on students' social and emotional development. First-year pharmacy students enrolled in a professional skills course were eligible to participate in the study. Before and after the course, students completed the Personal-Interpersonal Competence Assessment, which codes onto eight subcategories: situation monitoring, inspire others, intimacy, awareness of one's aptitude, initiative to pursue leadership, empathy, sociability, and awareness of one's emotions.

A telehealth-based interprofessional education module focused on social determinants of health.

Background: This report describes a telehealth-based interprofessional education (IPE) module that connected medical and pharmacy students across different geographical locations. The IPE module focused on developing strategies aimed at reducing health inequities related to social determinants of health.

Interprofessional Education Activity: Teams of one doctor of osteopathic medicine and one or two doctor of pharmacy students were created by the course faculty member.

The use of a metacognition and contemplation intervention in improving student abilities to recognize order entry errors.

Background And Purpose: To describe a pilot study testing a metacognition and contemplative pedagogy intervention designed to improve student abilities to identify errors on orders entered into a computerized provider order entry (CPOE) system. Educational activity and setting: Student teams worked up five patient cases and entered new orders into a CPOE system. All orders entered by teams were analyzed for errors and faculty members identified fifteen orders representing the top errors and selected these for the pre-exercise, in-class contemplation activity, and post-exercise.

Training Students to Address Vaccine Hesitancy and/or Refusal.

To determine the impact of a vaccine hesitancy learning unit on student knowledge, attitudes, and ability to address vaccine hesitancy and/or refusal. The learning unit consisted of two standardized patient simulation encounters performed one week apart. A 13-item attitudes survey was administered prior to the simulations to determine student confidence and knowledge regarding vaccine hesitancy.

Journal Club Standardization Tool: Helping participants get the JIST.

Background And Purpose: Clinical pharmacy practice relies on the ability to critically evaluate clinical trials and apply their findings to patient care. The development of these skills begins in pharmacy school, develops during residency programs, and continues to mature while practicing clinical pharmacy. The purpose of this analysis was to evaluate student attitudes and perceptions following implementation of the Journal Interpretation Summary Tool (JIST) into a pharmacy curriculum.

Examining differences between P1 versus P2 students as teaching assistants in a P1 skills-based course.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to assess differences between the use of first-year (P1; "peer") versus second-year (P2; "near-peer") students as teaching assistants (TA) in a first-year, skills-based course.

Methods: The practicum course assesses competence in the provision of screening services and patient counseling. TAs review weekly material followed by a one-on-one assessment of each student using a grading rubric.

Assessing student knowledge, confidence, accuracy, and proficiency in providing Medicare Part D assistance.

Purpose: To assess the impact of coordinated didactic, simulation-based, and experiential learning on pharmacy students' knowledge and confidence with Medicare Part D and their accuracy and proficiency with the Medicare Plan Finder Tool.

Educational Activity: Forty-two pharmacy students participated in a two-semester Medicare Part D elective course in which didactic, simulation-based and experiential learning methods were employed. Students' knowledge, confidence, accuracy, and proficiency were assessed at three course time points: first day of class, last day of in-class education, and after completion of outreach.

Use of Cumulative Assessments in U.S. Schools and Colleges of Pharmacy.

The Accreditation Council of Pharmacy Education (ACPE) has taken a strong stance on assessment in pharmacy education. One available assessment tool is cumulative assessments, which may be administered at various points in the curriculum. This article presents the results of a survey of U.

The Utility of Concept Maps to Facilitate Higher-Level Learning in a Large Classroom Setting.

Objective: To describe the utility of concept mapping in a cardiovascular therapeutics course within a large classroom setting.

Design: Students enrolled in a cardiovascular care therapeutics course completed concept maps for each major chronic cardiovascular condition. A grading rubric was used to facilitate peer-assessment of the concept map.

An overview and study of beneficiaries' knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of the medicare part d benefit.

Purpose: Medicare beneficiaries' knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions (KAP) of the Medicare Part D prescription drug benefit have been under evaluation since the 2006 inception of the Part D benefit.

Objective: This study sought to examine beneficiaries' satisfaction with their Medicare Part D prescription drug plan, knowledge of the coverage gap, attitudes about the relative importance of certain insurance parameters, and overall perceptions of the Part D benefit.

Design: Cross-sectional, descriptive study design.

Minimizing out-of-pocket prescription drug costs for Medicare beneficiaries: not just 'a drop in the bucket'.

Objective: To identify the frequency of uptake and financial impact of four cost-minimization strategies used to assist Medicare beneficiaries in lowering their out-of-pocket (OOP) costs.

Design: Cost-savings analysis.

Setting: Twelve outreach events were conducted in six different cities throughout Northern and Central California during the 2013 Medicare open enrollment period.

Medication adherence behaviors of Medicare beneficiaries.

Background: Medication adherence is crucial for positive outcomes in the management of chronic conditions. Comprehensive medication consultation can improve medication adherence by addressing intentional and unintentional nonadherence. The Medicare Part D prescription drug benefit has eliminated some cost barriers.

A collaborative approach to combining service, teaching, and research.

Objective: To describe a faculty-student collaborative model and its outcomes on teaching, service, and scholarship.

Design: A Medicare Part D elective course was offered that consisted of classroom and experiential learning where pharmacy students participated in community outreach events to assist Medicare beneficiaries with Part D plan selection. The course training was expanded to include medication therapy management (MTM) and the administration of immunizations.

Cost variability of suggested generic treatment alternatives under the Medicare Part D benefit.

Background: The substitution of generic treatment alternatives for brand-name drugs is a strategy that can help lower Medicare beneficiary out-of-pocket costs. Beginning in 2011, Medicare beneficiaries reaching the coverage gap received a 50% discount on the full drug cost of brand-name medications and a 7% discount on generic medications filled during the gap. This discount will increase until 2020, when beneficiaries will be responsible for 25% of total drug costs during the coverage gap.

Assessing Medicare beneficiaries' willingness-to-pay for medication therapy management services.

Objectives: To assess Medicare beneficiaries' willingness-to-pay (WTP) for medication therapy management (MTM) services and determine sociodemographic and clinical characteristics influencing this payment amount.

Design: A cross-sectional, descriptive study design was adopted to elicit Medicare beneficiaries' WTP for MTM.

Setting: Nine outreach events in cities across Central/Northern California during Medicare's 2011 open-enrollment period.

Assessing quality of life in an ambulatory medicare population.

Objective: Medicare beneficiaries have unique health-related challenges causing significant impact on quality of life. This study examined the overall health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and differences in HRQOL between subgroups of an ambulatory Medicare beneficiary population.

Methods: Nine outreach events were held during the 2011 Medicare Part D prescription drug open-enrollment period, in which 397 beneficiaries were assisted with Part D plan evaluation and comprehensive medication therapy review.

Impact of an elective course on pharmacy students' attitudes, beliefs, and competency regarding Medicare Part D.

Objective: To determine the impact of an elective course on pharmacy students' perceptions, knowledge, and confidence regarding Medicare Part D, medication therapy management (MTM), and immunizations.

Design: Thirty-three pharmacy students were enrolled in a Medicare Part D elective course that included both classroom instruction and experiential training.

Assessment: Students' self-reported confidence in and knowledge of Part D significantly improved upon course completion.