The purpose of this research was to examine the role of a range of play and learning activities in the home (e.g., painting, playing games, reading, singing and letters and numbers) in the socioemotional development of young children.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUsing data from a nationally representative sample of 5-year-olds in the Growing Up in Ireland study (N = 9001, 51% male), this research investigated the role of factors in the neighborhood environment on levels of active outdoor play in young children. Primary caregivers (98% mothers; 81% Irish) responded to questions regarding their child's levels of active outdoor play (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The clinical course of chronic pancreatitis is unpredictable and there is no globally accepted score to predict the disease course. We developed a clinical score to estimate pancreatitis-related hospitalisation in patients with newly diagnosed chronic pancreatitis.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using two clinical chronic pancreatitis databases held in tertiary referral centres in Dublin, Ireland, and in Tarragona, Spain.
The aim of this study was to examine the role of different types of home learning activities, such as reading, singing, painting, playing games, and letters and numbers (ABCs and 123 s), in the development of nonverbal reasoning skills in young children. Although much previous research has focused on the role of the home learning environment in the development of language and numeracy skills, few studies have explored other aspects of cognitive development such as nonverbal reasoning. The data were drawn from the Growing Up in Ireland study, a nationally representative longitudinal birth cohort study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorld J Gastroenterol
September 2021
Background: A progressive reduction in the secretion of pancreatic enzymes in patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) results in malabsorption and ultimate malnutrition. However, the pathogenesis of malnutrition is multifactorial and other factors such as chronic inflammation, alcohol excess and poor dietary intake all contribute. Patients may restrict their dietary intake due to poor appetite or to avoid gastrointestinal symptoms and abdominal pain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorldwide, millions of children have missed out on early childhood education and care (ECEC) due to the closure of their settings during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, little is known about the socio-emotional impact of these closures on young children. This paper draws upon a study of 506 parents of children aged 1-10 years in Ireland who completed the online Play and Learning in the Early Years (PLEY) Survey during lockdown in May and June 2020.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Individual genetic architecture is considered central to susceptibility and progression of disease in chronic pancreatitis. The study aimed to evaluate the presence of common pancreatic gene mutations in a defined cohort of idiopathic and alcohol-induced chronic pancreatitis patients in Ireland.
Methods: The study comprised patients with idiopathic and alcohol-induced chronic pancreatitis and historic controls.
Family and home environment factors have been outlined in previous literature as important variables that affect early reasoning development. However, little research has focused on the association between screen use in the home environment and nonverbal reasoning ability. The aim of this cross-sectional study is to examine the role of both screen time and various screen activities (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe examine how people understand and reason from counterfactual threats, for example, "if you had hit your sister, I would have grounded you" and counterfactual promises, for example, "if you had tidied your room, I would have given you ice-cream." The first experiment shows that people consider counterfactual threats, but not counterfactual promises, to have the illocutionary force of an inducement. They also make the immediate inference that the action mentioned in the "if" part of the counterfactual threat and promise did not occur.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe report three experiments to test the possibilities reasoners think about when they understand a conditional of the form 'A only if B' compared to 'if A then B'. The experiments examine conditionals in the indicative mood (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe consider reasoning about prefactual possibilities in the future, for example, "if I were to win the lottery next year I would buy a yacht" and counterfactual possibilities, for example, "if I had won the lottery last year, I would have bought a yacht." People may reason about indicative conditionals, for example, "if I won the lottery I bought a yacht" by keeping in mind a few true possibilities, for example, "I won the lottery and I bought a yacht." They understand counterfactuals by keeping in mind two possibilities, the conjecture, "I won the lottery and I bought a yacht" and the presupposed facts, "I did not win the lottery and I did not buy a yacht.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF