Strain-specific strategies of 2'-fucosyllactose, 3-fucosyllactose, and difucosyllactose assimilation by Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis Bi-26 and ATCC 15697.

Human milk provides essential nutrients for infant nutrition. A large proportion of human milk is composed of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), which are resistant to digestion by the infant. Instead, HMOs act as a bioactive and prebiotic enriching HMO-utilizing bacteria and cause systematic changes in the host.

Photolysis of chlorantraniliprole and cyantraniliprole in water and soil: verification of degradation pathways via kinetics modeling.

Photodegradation of [(14)C]-chlorantraniliprole (CLAP) and [(14)C]-cyantraniliprole (CNAP) was investigated in sterile buffer solutions, in natural water, and on soil surfaces. Both compounds displayed rapid degradation in aqueous buffers when exposed to light at concentrations which could result from direct overspray to a shallow water body. While the main products observed had analogous structures, a substantial difference was noted in the rate of degradation of the two compounds despite minimal differences in their structures.

Effects of soil storage on the microbial community and degradation of metsulfuron-methyl.

The effect storage had on the microbial biomass in two soils (Trevino and Fargo) was compared to the effect storage had on each soil's capacity to degrade metsulfuron-methyl. Soils were collected from the field and used fresh (<3 weeks old) or stored at 20 and 4 degrees C for 3 or 6 months. The phospholipid fatty acid content of the soils was used to monitor changes in the microbial biomass during storage and incubation in a flow-through apparatus.